石

石 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一口 (MR), four-corner 1060₀, composition ⿸丆口)

1. Kangxi radical #112, ⽯.

• Appendix:Chinese radical/石
• 佦, 㓈, 𠰴, 坧, 妬, 𡯝, 𡶌, 𫹺, 拓, 沰, 𨒙, 𪰒, 柘, 𣭏, 炻, 𤤟, 𦚈, 祏, 䄷, 䇉, 袥, 𫂹, 䖨, 𧣔, 𧦳, 磊, 䞠, 跖, 𨋓, 鉐(𬬷), 鮖, 鼫, 𮯂
• 劯, 斫, 𣗁, 䲽, 宕, 岩, 沯, 𥥔, 𫅂, 雼, 𡻦, 𮫁, 𪔑, 𪊞, 𭚇, 乭, 𭀽, 𡊵, 𡶪, 𤇈, 㸴, 𧵔, 𨀂, 𨥴, 䦒, 𡇈, 唘, 䀾, 㻹, 𥗉, 𥗌, 𥗐, 𥗑, 𥗹, 𥗺, 𥗻, 𥗼, 𥗽, 𥗾, 𥗿, 𥘀, 𥘁, 𥘂, 𥘃, 𥘄

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 827, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24024
• Dae Jaweon: page 1239, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2416, character 1
• Unihan data for U+77F3

Historical forms of the character 石
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) : a stone beneath a cliff (厂). The cliff was subsequently distorted into 丆.

Alternatively, a cave set into the side of a cliff or mountain.

Unknown. Probably related to Proto-Vietic *l-taːʔ (“stone”) (whence Vietnamese đá and Khmer ដា (daa, “rock; stone”)) (Schuessler, 2007), to which Chinese would have added the familiar final -k.

石

1. stone; rock (Classifier: 嚿 c; 塊／块 c)
2. (Cantonese) gem; jewel; jade
3. a surname

   石陽／石阳  ―  Shí Yáng  ―  Shih Yang (a pirate leader who terrorized the China Seas during the early 19th century)

(Others)

• → Tocharian B: cāk

Contains pronunciations from 擔／担 (dàn) (Qiu, 1988, p. 220).

石

1. a unit of dry measure for grain (equal to 100 liters)

• “石”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

• Go-on: じゃく (jaku)^{←じやく (zyaku, historical)}
• Kan-on: せき (seki, Jōyō)
• Tō-on: しく (shiku)
• Kan’yō-on: こく (koku, Jōyō ^†); しゃく (shaku, Jōyō ^†)^{←しやく (syaku, historical)}
• Kun: いし (ishi, 石, Jōyō); いわ (iwa)^{←いは (ifa, historical)}
• Nanori: あつ (atsu); いさ (isa); いす (isu); いそ (iso); かた (kata); し (shi); せっく (sekku); と (to)

⟨isi⟩ → /iɕi/

From Old Japanese.[1] First cited in the Man'yōshū of 759. In turn, the Old Japanese is reconstructed as from Proto-Japonic *esoy.

Likely cognate with 磯 (iso, “pebble; gravel; rocky beach”).

• (Tokyo) いし​ [ìshíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[2][3]
• IPA^(key): [iɕi]

石(いし) • (ishi) 

1. a stone
   • 1999 March 27, “ストーン・アルマジラー [Stone Armadiller]”, in Vol.2, Konami:

     体(からだ)が石(いし)のように堅(かた)い毛(け)で覆(おお)われており、守(まも)りがかたい。

     Karada ga ishi no yō ni katai ke de ōwareteori, mamori ga katai.

     With a body covered in a coat as hard as stones, its defence is solid.

2. (slang, electronics) a transistor

• 石(いし)室(むろ) (ishimuro, “stone hut”)
• 大(おお)石(いし) (Ōishi)

From Middle Chinese 斛 (MC huwk).

The 石 spelling came about through customary use in Japan of this character for the unit of measure.[1]

• (Tokyo) こ​く [kóꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
• IPA^(key): [ko̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

石(こく) • (koku) 

1. a traditional Japanese unit of volume:
   1. for grains of rice; one koku is equal to approximately 180 litres
   2. (by extension, historical) for land of famous daimyo or samurai; one koku is also approximately 180 litres
   3. for 和船 (wasen); one koku is equal to 10 cubic shaku or approximately 0.278 cubic metres
2. a unit of quantity for 鮭 (sake, “salmon”) and 鱒 (masu, “trout”); one koku is equal to 40 salmon or 60 trout