< Radiation astronomy < Chemistry
This is a natural color image of Titan. Credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute.

Radiation chemistry, or astronomical radiation chemistry, is a lecture for the course principles of radiation astronomy about the abundance and reactions of chemical elements and molecules in the universe.

You are free to take this quiz at any time and as many times as you wish to improve your score.

Once you’ve read and studied the lecture, the links contained within, and listed under See also, External links and those in the {{principles of radiation astronomy}} template, you should have adequate background to get 100 %.

Enjoy learning by doing!

Quiz

  

1 True or False, Astronomical radiation chemistry is primarily the laboratory chemistry performed to understand the observations obtained from radiation astronomy.

TRUE
FALSE

2 Which of the following is not a studied characteristic of astrochemistry?

interstellar atoms
interaction of radiation with molecules
nucleosynthesis
organics of interstellar origin
interstellar precursors

3 "The spectrum of gaseous methane at 77 K in the 1.1-2.6 µm region [is] a benchmark for"

4 Yes or No, The chemical element radium has been mapped by a gamma-ray spectrometer over the rocky surface of the Moon.

Yes
No

5 The Sun as a star has what chemical property?

it's a primordial population III star
it passes once a year across the Lockman Hole
silicates have been discovered in its interior structure
optical reflectance studies have found evidence of magnesium
it has a metallicity
it has a surface temperature of ~700 K

6 Complete the text:

When imaged in visible light foliage appears to have what color

due to the presence of

.

7 True or False, An atom of hydrogen bearing a negative electrical charge is an ion.

TRUE
FALSE

8 When plasma is present, what characteristic is readily observed?

the magnetic north pole
gravity
neutral neodymium atoms
electrons
temperatures below 104 K
solar positron events

9 Particularly with respect to making something, which descriptive property is important for materials?

10 True or False, In olivines substituting values for y from 0 to 1 produces compositions ranging from fayalite to forsterite.

TRUE
FALSE

11 Which of the following is not a prominent contributor associated with the bluish color of water on Earth?

the blue sky
chlorophyll
dissolved organic matter
cyanobacteria
decomposition processes from dead organic matter such as plants
highly organic soils

12 That part of outer space between planets and their star(s) is called?

13 True or False, A layer of gases that may surround a material body and is held in place by buoyancy is called an atmosphere.

TRUE
FALSE

14 Which of the following is not a phenomenon associated with the planet Mars?

iron oxide
silicates
helium in its atmosphere
meteorites on Earth
methane in its atmosphere
weather

15 Complete the text:

At its effective temperature of 1250 K, the atmosphere of the extrasolar planet 51 Pegasus B has clouds composed of

and

.

16 True or False, Y-radiation from the Sun excites oxygen atoms in the Martian upper atmosphere.

TRUE
FALSE

17 Which of the following is not a phenomenon associated with the ionosphere?

above the mesosphere
chemical ions
chemical elements like oxygen and nitrogen
an ever increasing number of hydrogen ions with altitude
the process of ionization
magnetite particles

18 A terrestrial planet is composed primarily of?

19 True or False, Of some 824 red giant stars, lithium is detected in several stars.

TRUE
FALSE

20 Observations of Io have benefited greatly from what phenomenon?

a dense, opaque atmosphere
lightning
extensive meteorite cratering
a flattening out
liquid hydrocarbon lakes
the reflected light of allotropes and compounds of sulfur

21 The atmosphere of Titan which has a natural orange color is composed largely of?

22 True or False, The planetary nebula NGC 6543 has large concentrations of hydrogen, oxygen and ionized nitrogen.

TRUE
FALSE

23 Which of the following are phenomena associated with the orange system?

titanium
yttrium
navels
a number of emission lines very close together
many impact craters on Io
ScO

24 It is one of only three objects in the Solar System known to have a nitrogen-dominated atmosphere (the others are Earth and Saturn's giant moon, Titan).

25 True or False, Early spectroscopy of the Sun using estimates of line intensities concluded that the Sun is largely composed of deuterium.

TRUE
FALSE

26 Which of the following are associated with solar limb faculae?

calcium emission lines
TiO absorption lines
chromium emission lines
Fe emission lines
a decrease in redness
emission lines of Ti

27 One of the substances discovered in the tail of Halley's comet by spectroscopic analysis is the toxic gas

28 True or False, Optical reflectance studies of Mercury provide evidence for Mg silicates.

TRUE
FALSE

29 Which of the following are characteristic of Mercury

magnesium
aluminum
sulfur
inclinations as high as 50°
calcium
dysprosium

30 Silicates occur as part of the rocky surface beneath a visually opaque cloud layer on what planet?

31 True or False, Chemical ions above the Earth's atmosphere, moving at very high speeds constitute the interplanetary medium.

TRUE
FALSE

32 Which chemical phenomenon are associated with the Earth?

quartz is the second most abundant mineral
an atmosphere containing CO2
green, red, blue, and yellow airglow
the production and escape of hot H+ ions
oxygen emissions
helium ions

33 Soil samples from the mare of the Moon reflect primarily cyan due to the presence in the soils of what?

34 True or False, Neutron spectroscopy has detected hydrogen and thereby water on the Moon.

TRUE
FALSE

35 Phenomena associated with some meteorites?

have a gaseous surface
long nickel-iron crystals
octahedrite
kamacite
taenite
plessite

36 The process of bombardment-induced surface alteration or damage is called.

37 True or False, Water ice has been detected on the surface of an asteroid.

TRUE
FALSE

38 Which chemical species have an enhanced abundance at the north polar region of Jupiter relative to midlatitudes?

CH3O
C2H2
C2H4
C3H4
C6H6
H2O

39 On Io in eclipse, the bright blue glows detected by NASA's Galileo spacecraft mark the sites of dense plumes of what.

40 True or False, The phosphorus containing compound Na3PO4 has been detected in the atmosphere of Saturn.

TRUE
FALSE

41 Which of the following are associated with hydrocarbons?

liquid lakes on Titan
petroleum deposits on Earth
methane in the atmosphere of Uranus
Titania
atmosphere of Neptune
an H II region

42 WNM is an acronym for what?

43 True or False, The amino acid glycine may have been discovered in the ISM.

TRUE
FALSE

44 A NASA Hubble image of the Ring Nebula contains which of the following?

very hot helium blue
ionized oxygen emitting green
red light from ionized nitrogen
oxygen forbidden line emission
Hα
a forbidden line of sulfur

45 The 111 → 110 rotational transition that occurs in the direction of four dark nebulae is likely from what chemical.

46 True or False, The focus of the Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite is five spectral lines from water, isotopic water, isotopic carbon dioxide, molecular oxygen, and neutral carbon.

TRUE
FALSE

47 Phenomena associated with some brown dwarfs are which of the following?

lithium
a temperature well below the stellar range
methane absorption
the lithium test
X-rays
T dwarfs

48 The orange band from molecular calcium chloride is observed in the spectra of many stars of what type?

49 True or False, The aluminium abundance in stars is derived from the resonance line at 394.4 nm.

TRUE
FALSE

50 Which geochemical phenomena are associated with Earth?

weathering
lightning
calcium carbonate deposition in the oceans
uranium ions in its oceans
liquid methane oceans
silicate minerals

51 Which of the following are green radiation astronomy phenomena associated with the Sun?

the color of the upper rim as seen from Earth
an excess brightness at or near the edge of the Sun
the iron XIV green line
neutron emission
polar coronal holes
meteor emission
changes in the line-blanketing

52 Which of the following is not a characteristic of green astronomy?

boron
wavelength range of 495-570 nm
chlorophyll
greenstones
phytoplankton

53 True or False, The Hβ emission line does not appear when the F492M filter is used on the Hubble Space Telescope because its wavelength is 486.1 nm.

TRUE
FALSE

54 When ionization cones are present, what green characteristics are usually readily observed?

O III green emission line
green continua
biconical structure
a common cone axis and apex
ionized gas
neon clouds

55 Green earth is a natural pigment composed of what likely source of green?

Hypotheses

  1. Phosphate reactions are involved in the creation of various DNAs.

See also

{{History of science resources}}

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