< Radiation astronomy < Blues
This is a detailed, photo-like view of Earth based largely on observations from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA’s Terra satellite. Credit: Robert Simmon and Marit Jentoft-Nilsen, NASA.

Blue astronomy is a lecture from the radiation astronomy department for the course on the principles of radiation astronomy.

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Quiz

  

1 Complete the text:

The swirls of tan, green, blue, and white are most likely

in the water. Some of the color may come from

.

2 True or False, Hydrogen has an emission line in the blue.

TRUE
FALSE

3 Which chemical phenomena are associated with the Earth?

quartz is the second most abundant mineral
an atmosphere containing CO2
green, red, blue, and yellow airglow
the production and escape of hot H+ ions
oxygen emissions
helium ions

4 Yes or No, Helium has an emission line in the blue.

Yes
No

5 Which of the following is not a prominent contributor associated with the bluish color of water on Earth?

the blue sky
chlorophyll
dissolved organic matter
cyanobacteria
decomposition processes from dead organic matter such as plants
highly organic soils

6 Azurite is a natural pigment composed of what likely source of blue?

7 True or False, Lithium has an emission line in the blue.

TRUE
FALSE

8 Why is much of the surface of Mars covered with red iron oxide dust when the rocks that compose much of its surface are blue or violet?

Mars has been systematically bombarded with small iron-nickel meteorites or micrometeorites that oxidize in its atmosphere
Mars has been frequently bombarded with hematite containing micrometeorites
asteroid impacts on Mars may have forced iron from near its core into the atmosphere and onto the surface as hematite dust that oxidized
Mars is like Earth in surface hematite composition, but Earth has much more water
precipitation from iron-rich water

9 True or False, Beryllium has an emission line in the blue.

TRUE
FALSE

10

Galileo Deployment (high res).jpg
What is the blue-radiation source [hint: planet] in the image at right?

11 True or False, Boron has an emission line in the blue.

TRUE
FALSE

12 Observations of comets have benefited greatly from what phenomenon of cyan astronomy?

Cherenkov radiation
the electric blue glow of lightning
gas-expansion velocity decreases with increasing heliocentric distance
methane possesses prominent absorption bands in the visible
adaptive optics
the light of the neutral CN-radical

13 True or False, To date, all of the reported hypervelocity stars (HVSs), which are believed to be ejected from the Galactic center, are blue.

TRUE
FALSE

14 Which of the following is involved in planetary astronomy more so than planetary science?

the occurrence of blue rock types on the surface of rocky objects
the Earth and other rocky objects have a green mineral containing mantle
checking equations about complex systems
the advantages of a 559 nm band pass
digging holes in the surface of Mars
surface temperatures low enough to produce methane lakes

15 True or False, Carbon has an emission line in the blue.

TRUE
FALSE

16 Which of the following are characteristic of interstellar extinction?

redder color indices
closer stars more affected
color excess
observed color index minus intrinsic color index
red shift
blue shift

17 True or False, The red shift cannot affect blue stars.

TRUE
FALSE

18 Which of the following are theoretical radiation astronomy phenomena associated with a laboratory on Earth?

a core which emits neutrinos
a charged particle wind which emanates out of a beam line
gravity
near the barycenter for the Earth-Moon system
swirls of tan, green, blue, and white in the water
electric arcs
chlorophyll-containing phytoplankton aloft in the upper atmosphere

19 True or False, Nitrogen has an emission line in the blue.

TRUE
FALSE

20 Which of the following are theoretical radiation astronomy phenomena associated with the Earth?

a core which emits neutrinos
a charged particle wind which emanates out the polar ionosphere holes
gravity
near the barycenter for the Earth-Moon system
the swirls of tan, green, blue, and white are most likely sediment in the water
coronal clouds
chlorophyll-containing phytoplankton aloft in the upper atmosphere

21 True or False, Oxygen has an emission line in the blue.

TRUE
FALSE

22 Which of the following are radiation astronomy phenomena associated with the gaseous-object Neptune?

Voyager 2
blue rays
clouds
neutron emission
polar coronal holes
meteor emission
rotation

23 True or False, Fluorine has an emission line in the blue.

TRUE
FALSE

24 Which of the following are theoretical radiation astronomy phenomena associated with a satellite in orbit around the Earth?

background radiation
a charged particle wind which emanates out of a beam line
gravity
near the barycenter for the Earth-Moon system
swirls of tan, green, blue, and white in the water
electric arcs
chlorophyll-containing phytoplankton aloft in the upper atmosphere

25 True or False, Neon has an emission line in the blue.

TRUE
FALSE

26 Complete the text:

Match up the radiation letter with each of the detector possibilities below:
Optical rays - L
Visual rays - M
Violet rays - N
Blue rays - O
Cyan rays - P
Green rays - Q
Yellow rays - R
Orange rays - S
Red rays - T
multialkali (Na-K-Sb-Cs) photocathode materials

.
F547M

.
F675W

.
broad-band filter centered at 404 nm

.
F588N

.
thallium bromide (TlBr) crystals

.
F606W

.
18 micrometers FWHM at 490 nm

.
wide-gap II-VI semiconductor ZnO doped with Co2+ (Zn1-xCoxO)

.

27 True or False, There are blue or blue mineral containing meteorites.

TRUE
FALSE

28 Which of the following are theoretical radiation astronomy phenomena associated with a wanderer?

possible orbits
a charged particle wind
gravity
near the barycenter of its system
swirls of tan, green, blue, and white in the liquid methane
electric arcs
chlorophyll-containing phytoplankton aloft in an upper atmosphere

29 True or False, Hematite occurs as a blue to bluish-gray mineral on Mars.

TRUE
FALSE

30 Complete the text:

Match up the blue object with the possibilities below:
Sun - H
Mercury - I
Venus - J
Earth - K
Meteorite on Mars - L
Pallas - M
Comet Holmes - N
Europa - O
Io - P
Saturn - Q
Enceladus - R
Tethys - S
Titan - T
Neptune - U
Abell 370 - V
SN 1987A - W
Crab Nebula - X
Orange and Blue Hazes Close-up.jpg

.
Blueberrysun friedman 1296.jpg

.
17pHolmes 071104 eder vga.jpg

.
PallasHST2007.jpg

.
Tethys enhanced color.jpeg

.
Crab Nebula.jpg

.
Europa-moon.jpg

.
Venus-real color.jpg

.
Gravitational lensing in the galaxy cluster Abell 370 (captured by the Hubble Space Telescope).jpg

.
Earth Pacific jul 30 2010.jpg

.
Enceladus PIA07800.jpg

.
SN 1987A HST.jpg

.
Blue Saturn.jpg

.
Block Island meteorite color close-up (PIA12193).jpg

.
Neptune.jpg

.
Mercury in color - Prockter07-edit1.jpg

.
Io Color Eclipse Movie - PIA03450.gif

.

31 Yes or No, An aurora seen from Australia may be a first blue radiation source.

Yes
No

32 Complete the text:

Regarding a blue haze layer near the south polar region of Titan, the difference in color

above and

nearer the

could be due to

of the haze.

33 True or False, Any small luminous blue dot appearing in the cloudless portion of the night sky, especially with a fixed location relative to other such dots is most likely to be an active galactic nucleus.

TRUE
FALSE

Hypotheses

  1. Blue astronomy captures unique events not available at other wavelength bands.

See also

{{Radiation astronomy resources}}

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