U+8DEF, 路
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8DEF

[U+8DEE]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+8DF0]
U+F937, 路
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F937

[U+F936]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F938]

Translingual

Stroke order
13 strokes

Han character

(Kangxi radical 157, +6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 口一竹水口 (RMHER), four-corner 67164, composition 𧾷)

Derived characters

References

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ɡ·raːɡs) : semantic + phonetic (OC *klaːɡ).

Etymology

Either related to (OC *klaːɡ, *kraːɡ, “to come, to arrive (obsolete)”) (Baxter, 1992) or from Austroasiatic (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *kraʔ (road, way), whence Proto-Vietic *kraːʔ (→ fossilized Vietnamese & Muong khá (road, way)), Chong khraa, Kuy (k)na, and Proto-Waic *kraʔ. Possibly cognate with (OC *ɡ·raɡ).

"-year-old, in multiples of ten"
Orthographic borrowing from Japanese () (ji). See Japanese 三十路(みそじ) (misoji).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • diō̤ - colloquial;
  • lū - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (37)
Final () (23)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter luH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/luoH/
Pan
Wuyun
/luoH/
Shao
Rongfen
/loH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/lɔH/
Li
Rong
/loH/
Wang
Li
/luH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/luoH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
lou6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ luH ›
Old
Chinese
/*Cə.rˁak-s/
English road

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 3856
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡ·raːɡs/

Definitions

  1. road; path; street (Classifier: )
       xiū   to build a road
  2. pattern; arrangement; sequence
          train of thought
       wén   veined pattern
  3. way; method
       shēng   means of livelihood; way of subsistence
  4. journey
    回家回家   Huíjiā de hěn yuǎn.   It's a long journey to return home.
    身體 [Cantonese, trad.]
    身体 [Cantonese, simp.]
    keoi5 san1 tai2 hou2 heoi1, haang4 gei2 bou6 lou6 dou1 wui5 wan4. [Jyutping]
    His body is very weak, walking only a few steps already makes him dizzy.
    還有公里 [MSC, trad.]
    还有公里 [MSC, simp.]
    Háiyǒu yī gōnglǐ de yào zǒu. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  5. route
    進軍进军   sān jìnjūn   to advance along three routes
    12公交車12公交车   12 gōngjiāochē   No. 12 bus
  6. kind; type
  7. region
    人馬人马   rénmǎ   people from different places
  8. Classifier for lines or rows.
  9. -year-old, in multiples of ten; decade(s) of one's life; Used for describing the style of people in such age range.
    三十大叔   sānshí dàshū   a man in his thirties
    七十   qīshí   [JAV featuring] women in their seventies
  10. (historical) circuit (an administrative unit during the Song and Yuan dynasties)
  11. a surname

Synonyms

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. road, path, street
  2. journey
  3. way, method
  4. important position

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term

Grade: 3
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling

From Old Japanese.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [t͡ɕi]

Suffix

() • (-chi) 

  1. (obsolete) attaches to place names, indicating a road to that place
    This usage has generally been replaced by () (ji) below.
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term

Grade: 3
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling

Originally a rendaku (連濁) form of () (chi) above.[2]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [d͡ʑi]

Suffix

() • (-ji)  (di)?

  1. a road, a street
    (やま)()(なが)()
    yama-ji, naga-ji
    a mountain road, a long road
  2. attaches to place names, indicating a road to that place
    ()()()
    Nara-ji
    road to Nara
  3. attaches to a time duration, indicating a trip taking that length of time
    (よっ)()()
    yokka-ji
    a four-day trip
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
みち
Grade: 3
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings


For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
みち2
[noun] a way, a street, a road, an alley, a path, a pass for local traffic
[noun] (figurative) a road, a path
[noun] a way of doing something
[proper noun] a female given name
[proper noun] a surname
Alternative spellings
,
(This term, , is an alternative spelling (uncommon) of the above term.)

References

  1. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese (MC luH).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448롱〮 (Yale: lwó)
Middle Korean
TextEumhun
Gloss (hun)Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527길〮 (Yale: kíl)로〯 (Yale: lwŏ)

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɾo̞(ː)] ~ [no̞(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)/(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

(eumhun (gil ro), South Korea (gil no))

  1. Hanja form? of / (road, route; avenue, street). [affix; suffix]

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: lộ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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