See also:
U+4E91, 云
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E91

[U+4E90]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4E92]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

(Kangxi radical 7, +2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 一一戈 (MMI), four-corner 10731, composition or 𠫔)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 86, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 254
  • Dae Jaweon: page 178, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 384, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+4E91

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Small seal script


References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Pictogram (象形) : a stylized picture of clouds. The derivative now refers to the original word.

Jiajie (假借) - The character was subsequently borrowed for a near-homophone meaning "to say", and the original meaning came to be represented by (OC *ɢun), through the addition of a semantic component (“rain”).

The simplified form adopted by the People's Republic of China in the 1950s eliminates this later addition and uses for both "to say" and "cloud".

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“cloud; cloud; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified and variant form of ).
Notes:

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.

Perhaps cognate to (OC *ɢuds) (Wang Li, 1982).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (35)
Final () (59)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter hjun
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦɨun/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦiun/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣiuən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦun/
Li
Rong
/ɣiuən/
Wang
Li
/ɣĭuən/
Bernard
Karlgren
/i̯uən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yún
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
wan4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yún
Middle
Chinese
‹ hjun ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ɢ]ʷə[r]/
English say

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 16363
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɢun/

Definitions

  1. (literary) to say; to speak (used when quoting from a source)
  2. A particle.
  3. a surname:
    1. originated from (yún)
    2. originated from Zhou dynasty feudal state of
    3. originated from surname 牒云
    4. simplified from
  4. (Quanzhou, Xiamen and Philippine Hokkien) to go on a pleasure trip; to roam around
  5. (~母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of (MC hjun), equivalent to the 3rd (děng) of the initial (MC yuH)
Synonyms

Compounds

  • 不知所云 (bùzhīsuǒyún)
  • 云乎
  • 云乎哉
  • 云云 (yúnyún)
  • 云亡
  • 云亭
  • 云亭山人
  • 云何 (yúnhé)
  • 云喻
  • 云已
  • 云是
  • 云板
  • 云為
  • 云然
  • 云爾 (yún'ěr)
  • 云爾哉
  • 云者
  • 云耳 (yún'ěr)
  • 云胡
  • 云若
  • 云都赤
  • 人云亦云 (rényúnyìyún)
  • 但云
  • 唱云
  • 子曰詩云 (zǐyuēshīyún)
  • 歲聿云暮
  • 漫云
  • 牒云
  • 紛云
  • 聲云
  • 胡云
  • 背云
  • 胡云海嗙
  • 詩云子曰

Japanese

Kanji

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. say

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
うん
Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese (MC hjun).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɯ̟̃ᵝɴ]

Affix

(うん) • (un) 

  1. say

Derived terms

Korean

Hanja

(eum (un))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: vân ((vu)(phân)(thiết))[1][2][3][4]
: Nôm readings: vân[1][2][5]

  1. chữ Hán form of vân (to say; to speak).

References

  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. Trần (2004).
  4. Génibrel (1898).
  5. Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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