事

事	U+4E8B, 事 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E8B

← 亊
[U+4E8A]

CJK Unified Ideographs

二 →
[U+4E8C]

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han character

事 (Kangxi radical 6, 亅+7, 8 strokes, cangjie input 十中中弓 (JLLN), four-corner 5000₇, composition ⿻⿱𠮛⺕亅)

Derived characters

倳, 𠶝, 𢜝, 𣓊, 𧨴, 𨧫(𬭑), 𫻋, 䭄, 𫻐, 剚, 𠡯, 𠄜, 𡸪, 𠡸, 𱠉

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 85, character 24
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 241
Dae Jaweon: page 174, character 15
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 23, character 3
Unihan data for U+4E8B

Chinese

simp. and trad.		事
2nd round simp.		⿱㇋丶
alternative forms		亊叓㕝𠁱𠫺亊叓㕝𠁱𠫺𠭏𤔇𪜃𠭆

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 事

Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)

Liushutong (compiled in Ming)

Libian (compiled in Qing)

Kangxi Dictionary (compiled in Qing)

Chu slip and silk script

Qin slip script

Ancient script

Small seal script

Transcribed ancient scripts

Clerical script

Ming typeface

**Oracle bone script**
j06324	j06325	j06326	j06327	j06328	j06329	j06330	j06331
j06332	j06333	j06334	j06335	j06336	j06337	j06338	j06339
j06340	j06341	j06342	j06343	j06344	j06345	j06346	j06347
j06348	j06349	j06350	j06351	j06352	j06353	j06354	j06355
j06356	j06357	j06358	j06359	j06360	j06361	j06362	j06363
j06364	j06365	j06366	j06367	j06368	j06369	j06370	j06371
j06372	j06373	j06374	j06375	j06376	j06377	j06378	j06379
j06380	j06381	j06382	j06383	j06384	j06385	j06386	j06387
j06388	j06389	j06390	j06391	j06392	j06393	j06394	j06395
j06396	j06397	j06398	j06399	j06400	j06401	j06402	j06403
j06404	j06405	j06406	j06407	j06408	j06409	j06410	j06411
j06412

**Bronze inscriptions**
b04254	b04255	b04256	b04257	b04258	b04259	b04260	b04261
b04262	b04263	b04264	b04265	b04266	b04267	b04268	b04269
b04270	b04271	b04272	b04273	b04274	b04275	b04276	b04277
b04278	b04279	b04280	b04281	b04282	b04283	b04284	b04285
b04286	b04287	b04288	b04289	b04290	b04291	b04292	b04293
b04294	b04295	b04296	b04297	b04298	b04299	b04300	b04301
b04302	b04303	b04304	b04305	b04306	b04307	b04308	b04309
b04310	b04311	b04312	b04313	b04314	b04315	b04316	b04317
b04318	b04319	b04320	b04321	b04322	b04323	b04324	b04325
b04326	b04327	b04328	b04329	b04330	b04331	b04332	b04333
b04334

**Small seal script**
s02204

**Transcribed ancient scripts**
L35597	L35598	L35599	L35600	L35601	L35602	L35603	L19161
L19162	L19163	L19164	L19165	L19166	L19167	L19168	L19169
L19170	L19171	L19172	L19173	L19174

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (史) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
吏	*rɯs
倳	*ʔsrɯs
剚	*ʔsrɯs
事	ʔsrɯs, zrɯs
史	*srɯʔ
使	srɯʔ, srɯs
駛	srɯʔ, srɯs

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 又 (“hand”) + 中 (“flag or hunting weapon”) – flag or hunting weapon in hand > to perform one's job. Compare 史, 吏.

Etymology

Exopassive of 士 (OC *zrɯʔ, “to give or carry out an assignment; to serve”), literally “what has been assigned” (Schuessler, 2007).

Alternatively, based on Gong (2000), STEDT derives it from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-dzas (“thing”), whence Burmese စာ (ca, “thing”) and Tibetan རྫས (rdzas, “thing, object, matter”).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): shì (shi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄕˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): si⁴

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): сы (sɨ, III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): si⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhu⁵
Gan (Wiktionary): si⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sṳ / se

(Meixian, Guangdong): si⁴ / sê⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): si³
Northern Min (KCR): dī / si̿ / sū
Eastern Min (BUC): sê̤ṳ / dâi
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sū / sīr / sǐr / sī / tāi

(Teochew, Peng'im): se⁷ / se⁶ / dai⁷
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶zy
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sr⁵ / sr⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shì
  - Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shìh
  - Wade–Giles: shih⁴
  - Yale: shr̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
  - Palladius: ши (ši)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (事兒／事儿)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shìr
  - Zhuyin: ㄕˋㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shìhr
  - Wade–Giles: shih⁴-ʼrh
  - Yale: shìr
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shell
  - Palladius: шир (šir)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩ɻ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: si⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: s
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩²¹³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: сы (sɨ, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: si⁶
  - Yale: sih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: si⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: xi⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siː²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lhu⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬu³²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: si⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩¹¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ / se
  - Hakka Romanization System: sii / se
  - Hagfa Pinyim: si⁴ / se⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /sɨ⁵⁵/, /se⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: si⁴ / sê⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /sz̩⁵³/, /se⁵³/

Note: se/sê4 - “work”.

Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: si³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /sz̩⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dī / si̿ / sū
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti⁵⁵/, /si³³/, /su⁵⁵/

Note:

dī, si̿ - vernacular;
sū - literary.

Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sê̤ṳ / dâi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /søy²⁴²/, /tɑi²⁴²/

Note:

sê̤ṳ - literary;
dâi - vernacular.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Magong, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sū
  - Tâi-lô: sū
  - Phofsit Daibuun: su
  - IPA (Zhangpu, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /su³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /su²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sīr
  - Tâi-lô: sīr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Kinmen): /sɯ²²/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sǐr
  - Tâi-lô: sǐr
  - IPA (Lukang): /sɨ³³/
- (Hokkien: Jinjiang, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sī
  - Tâi-lô: sī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: si
  - IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /si⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāi
  - Tâi-lô: tāi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dai
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tai³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /tai⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tai²²/

Note:

sū/sīr/sǐr/sī - literary;
tāi - vernacular (usually written 代 (dài)).

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: se⁷ / se⁶ / dai⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sṳ̄ / sṳ̆ / tāi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɯ¹¹/, /sɯ³⁵/, /tai¹¹/

Note:

se6 - “to serve”;
dai7 - vernacular.

Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁶zy
  - MiniDict: zy^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zz̩²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: sr⁵ / sr⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩²¹/, /sz̩⁴⁵/

Note:

sr5 - vernacular;
sr4 - literary.

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 事
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
	Harbin	/ʂʐ̩⁵³/
	Tianjin	/sz̩⁵³/
	Jinan	/ʂʐ̩²¹/
	Qingdao	/ʂʐ̩⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʂʐ̩³¹²/
	Xi'an	/sz̩⁴⁴/
	Xining	/sz̩²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/ʂʐ̩¹³/
	Lanzhou	/ʂʐ̩¹³/
	Ürümqi	/sz̩²¹³/
	Wuhan	/sz̩³⁵/
	Chengdu	/sz̩¹³/
	Guiyang	/sz̩²¹³/
	Kunming	/sz̩²¹²/
	Nanjing	/sz̩⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/sz̩⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/sz̩⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/sz̩³⁵/
	Hohhot	/sz̩⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/zz̩²³/
	Suzhou	/zz̩³¹/
	Hangzhou	/zz̩¹³/
	Wenzhou	/zz̩²²/
Hui	Shexian	/sz̩²²/
Hui	Tunxi	/sz̩¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/sz̩⁵⁵/ /sz̩¹¹/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/sz̩²¹/
Gan	Nanchang	/sz̩²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/sz̩⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/sï⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/si²²/
	Nanning	/sz̩²²/
	Hong Kong	/si²²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/su²²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/søy²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/su⁴⁴/ /si³³/ 名 /ti⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/sɯ³¹/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/si³³/

Middle Chinese: dzriH

Rime
Character	事
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	崇 (20)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	鉏吏切
Baxter	dzriH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʒɨ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖ͡ʐɨ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʒie^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖ͡ʐɨ^H/
Li Rong	/d͡ʒiə^H/
Wang Li	/d͡ʒĭə^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɖ͡ʐʱi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[m-s-]rəʔ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*zrɯs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	事
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shì
Middle Chinese	‹ dzri^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[m-s-]rəʔ-s/
English	serve; service, affair
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	事
Reading #	2/2
No.	11486
Phonetic component	史
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	事
Old Chinese	/*zrɯs/
Notes	史吏轉註字

Definitions

事

thing; matter (Classifier: 件 m c; 樁／桩 m; 回 m)
唔係咩大件事 [Cantonese, trad.]
唔系咩大件事 [Cantonese, simp.]
m⁴ hai⁶ me¹ daai⁶ gin⁶ si⁶ [Jyutping]
is not anything terribly important (lit. "is not any sort of large matter")

到底係咩回事呀？ [Cantonese, trad.]
到底系咩回事呀？ [Cantonese, simp.]
dou³ dai² hai⁶ me¹ wui⁴ si⁶ aa³? [Jyutping]
What happened? / Exactly what is happening? (lit. "Exactly what matter is it?")
- 耶和華神對女人說，你作的是什麼事呢？女人說，那蛇引誘我，我就吃了。 [MSC, trad.]
  耶和华神对女人说，你作的是什么事呢？女人说，那蛇引诱我，我就吃了。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 新標點和合本 (Chinese Union Version with New Punctuation), 創世記 (Genesis) 2:7
  Yēhéhuá shén duì nǚrén shuō, nǐ zuò de shì shénme shì ne? Nǚrén shuō, nà shé yǐnyòu wǒ, wǒ jiù chī le. [Pinyin]
  And the Lord God said unto the woman, What is this that thou hast done? And the woman said, The serpent beguiled me, and I did eat.
- 今日我們傳你來，有遵旨問你的事。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
  今日我们传你来，有遵旨问你的事。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
  From: Cao Xueqin, Dream of the Red Chamber, mid-18^th century CE
  Jīnrì wǒmen chuán nǐ lái, yǒu zūnzhǐ wèn nǐ de shì. [Pinyin]
  We called you here today, because we'd like to follow the emperor's order and ask you some things.
task; work; job; career
- 茅盾的一個親戚，想到我在教書的教會學校裡來找事做了。 [MSC, trad.]
  茅盾的一个亲戚，想到我在教书的教会学校里来找事做了。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 1935 April, 魏金枝, 《再說“賣文”》, in 《文飯小品》, issue 3
  Máo Dùn de yīge qīnqī, xiǎng dào wǒ zài jiāoshū de jiàohuì xuéxiào lǐ lái zhǎo shì zuò le. [Pinyin]
  A relative of Mao Dun would like to find work in the Catholic school that I teach at.
misfortune; mishap; accident; incident
惹事 ― rěshì ― to cause trouble

你冇事就好。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
nei⁵ mou⁵ si⁶ zau⁶ hou². [Jyutping]
I am glad to see that you are fine.
responsibility; involvement
這裡沒你的事。／这里没你的事。 ― Zhèlǐ méi nǐ de shì. ― You have no business here.

唔關我事㗎／唔关我事㗎 [Cantonese] ― m⁴ gwaan¹ ngo⁵ si⁶ gaa³ [Jyutping] ― It has nothing to do with me!
(dialectal Hakka, Northern Min, Central Min) speech; words; language
建甌事／建瓯事 [Northern Min] ― Gṳ̿ing-é-dī [Kienning Colloquial Romanized] ― Jian'ou dialect
(literary) to serve; to attend to someone
- 李嶠，字巨山，趙州贊皇人。早孤，事母孝。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  李峤，字巨山，赵州赞皇人。早孤，事母孝。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: The New Book of Tang, 1060 CE
  Lǐ Qiáo, zì Jùshān, Zhàozhōu Zànhuáng rén. Zǎo gū, shì mǔ xiào. [Pinyin]
  Li Qiao, courtesy name Jushan, was a native of Zanhuang, Zhaozhou. His father died when he was young, and he served his mother with filial piety.
- 讓我愛而不受感戴，讓我事而不受賞賜。 [MSC, trad.]
  让我爱而不受感戴，让我事而不受赏赐。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 1930, 倪柝聲 [Watchman Nee], 《讓我愛》 [“Let Me Love and Not Be Respected”]
  Ràng wǒ ài ér bù shòu gǎndài, ràng wǒ shì ér bù shòu shǎngcì. [Pinyin]
  Let me love and not be respected;
  Let me serve and not be rewarded.
- 有時走天堂窄路或會有困苦，忠心事主一生都蒙福。 [MSC, trad.]
  有时走天堂窄路或会有困苦，忠心事主一生都蒙福。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 1984 [1986], Frank C. Huston, translated by 劉福羣 [William C. Newbern] and 何統雄 [Richard Ho], revised by 滕近輝 [Philip Teng], 《事主蒙福》 [“It Pays to Serve Jesus”], in 《生命聖詩》 [Hymns of Life], song #478
  Yǒushí zǒu tiāntáng zhǎilù huò huì yǒu kùnkǔ, zhōngxīn shì Zhǔ yīshēng dōu méngfú. [Pinyin]
  Though the pathway to glory may sometimes be drear, You’ll be happy each step of the way. [original English lyrics]
  Walking on the narrow road to Heaven may sometimes be miserable, You’ll be blessed all your life serving the Lord faithfully. [literal English translation]
to be engaged in
不事生產／不事生产 ― bù shì shēngchǎn ― to lead an idle life
(Beijing Mandarin, erhua-ed) fussy; pernickety; troublesome
他這人特事兒。／他这人特事儿。 ― Tā zhè rén tè shìr. ― He is a very fussy person.
27th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "duties" (𝌠)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 事情 (“affair; matter”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		事
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		事情, 事
Mandarin	Beijing	事兒
	Taiwan	事
	Jinan	事兒
	Xi'an	事情, 事
	Wuhan	事情, 事
	Chengdu	事情, 事
	Guilin	事情, 事
	Yangzhou	事情, 事
	Hefei	事
	Malaysia	事
	Singapore	事情, 事
Cantonese	Guangzhou	事, 事幹
	Hong Kong	事, 事幹
	Yangjiang	事, 事幹
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	事
	Penang (Guangfu)	事
	Singapore (Guangfu)	事
Gan	Nanchang	事
Hakka	Meixian	事情, 事
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	事情
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	事情
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	事情
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	事情
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	事情
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	事情
Jin	Taiyuan	事情, 事
Northern Min	Jian'ou	事
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	事計, 事
	Minqing	事計
	Singapore (Fuqing)	事計
Southern Min	Xiamen	代誌, 物件
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	代誌
	Quanzhou	代誌
	Jinjiang	代誌
	Shishi	代誌
	Zhangzhou	代誌, 物件
	Zhao'an	事
	Dongshan	代誌
	Taipei	代誌
	Kaohsiung	代誌
	Yilan	代誌
	Changhua (Lukang)	代誌
	Taichung	代誌
	Taichung (Wuqi)	代誌
	Tainan	代誌
	Taitung	代誌
	Hsinchu	代誌
	Penghu (Magong)	代誌
	Penang (Hokkien)	代誌
	Singapore (Hokkien)	代誌
	Manila (Hokkien)	代誌
	Chaozhou	事
	Shantou	事
	Jieyang	事
	Haifeng	事
	Singapore (Teochew)	事
	Wenchang	事
	Qionghai	事
	Singapore (Hainanese)	事
Puxian Min	Putian	事體, 代誌, 出數
	Putian (Donghai)	事體, 代誌
	Putian (Jiangkou)	事體, 代誌
	Putian (Nanri)	事體, 代誌
	Xianyou	事體, 代誌, 出數
	Xianyou (Fengting)	事體, 代誌
	Xianyou (Youyang)	事體, 代誌
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	事幹
Wu	Shanghai	事體
	Suzhou	事體
	Hangzhou	花頭
	Hangzhou (Yuhang)	事體
	Ningbo	事體, 事幹 dated
	Zhoushan	事體, 事幹 dated
	Wenzhou	事幹
Xiang	Changsha	路徑, 路, 路子徑, 路子, 事
Xiang	Shuangfeng	道路, 事

Compounds

一事 (yīshì)
七事兒／七事儿
七件事
三事
不中事
不事
不妨事
不抵事
不睹事
不良事濟／不良事济
不識事／不识事
世事 (shìshì)
並無此事／并无此事
主事 (zhǔshì)
亂事／乱事
了事 (liǎoshì)
事不宜遲／事不宜迟 (shìbùyíchí)
事不有餘／事不有余
事不過三／事不过三 (shìbùguòsān)
事主 (shìzhǔ)
事事 (shìshì)
事以密成
事件 (shìjiàn)
事例 (shìlì)
事倍功半 (shìbèi-gōngbàn)
事假 (shìjià)
事先 (shìxiān)
事出不意
事出不測／事出不测
事出有因 (shìchūyǒuyīn)
事到如今 (shìdàorújīn)
事到臨頭／事到临头
事前 (shìqián)
事功 (shìgōng)
事務／事务 (shìwù)
事勢／事势 (shìshì)
事半功倍 (shìbàn-gōngbèi)
事危累卵
事因
事在人為／事在人为 (shìzàirénwéi)
事在必行
事奉 (shìfèng)
事宜 (shìyí)
事實／事实 (shìshí)
事後／事后 (shìhòu)
事從／事从
事必躬親／事必躬亲 (shìbìgōngqīn)
事急 (shìjí)
事情
事態／事态 (shìtài)
事故 (shìgù)
事敗垂成／事败垂成
事文類聚／事文类聚
事業／事业 (shìyè)
事機／事机 (shìjī)
事權／事权
事無大小／事无大小 (shìwúdàxiǎo)
事物 (shìwù)
事理 (shìlǐ)
事生肘腋
事產／事产
事由 (shìyóu)
事畜
事略 (shìlüè)
事端 (shìduān)
事節／事节
事緩則圓／事缓则圆
事與願違／事与愿违 (shìyǔyuànwéi)
事親至孝／事亲至孝
事變／事变 (shìbiàn)
事跡／事迹 (shìjì)
事蹟／事迹 (shìjì)
事過境遷／事过境迁 (shìguòjìngqiān)
事關重大／事关重大
事項／事项 (shìxiàng)
事頭／事头 (shìtóu)
事類／事类
事體／事体 (shìtǐ)
人事 (rénshì)
人浮於事／人浮于事 (rénfúyúshì)
他事 (tāshì)
他家的事
任事 (rènshì)
伏事 (fúshì)
仰事俯畜
佛事 (fóshì)
佚事 (yìshì)
何事 (héshì)
供事 (gòngshì)
來事兒／来事儿 (láishìr)
俗事
侵事
個事／个事
做事 (zuòshì)
做出事來／做出事来
僉事／佥事
傻事
僨事／偾事 (fènshì)
僻事
僵事
內事／内事
兩事家／两事家
兩碼事／两码事 (liǎngmǎshì)
公事 (gōngshì)
共事 (gòngshì)
兵事 (bīngshì)
冬事
凡事 (fánshì)
凶事 (xiōngshì)
出事 (chūshì)
刑事 (xíngshì)
判事 (pànshì)
前事 (qiánshì)
功事
動事／动事
勝事／胜事
千古事
即事 (jíshì)
厭事／厌事
去事
參事／参事 (cānshì)
受事 (shòushì)
可事 (kěshì)
司事 (sīshì)
古事記／古事记 (Gǔshìjì)
另碼事／另码事
同事 (tóngshì)
各司其事
周事
和事佬 (héshìlǎo)
和事天子
和事老
問事／问事
商事 (shāngshì)
喪事／丧事 (sāngshì)
善事 (shànshì)
喜事 (xǐshì)
回事
因事制宜
圃事
國事／国事 (guóshì)
土事
堂事
執事／执事 (zhíshì)
報事人／报事人
報事靈童／报事灵童
塵事／尘事 (chénshì)
壓事／压事
壞事／坏事 (huàishì)
外事 (wàishì)
多事 (duōshì)
夢事／梦事
大事 (dàshì)
大快之事
大節目事／大节目事
天下事
太平無事／太平无事
失事 (shīshì)
奉事 (fèngshì)
奇事 (qíshì)
女事 (nǚshì)
好事
妙事
姻事
婚事 (hūnshì)
孝事
安然無事／安然无事
完事 (wánshì)
官事
家事 (jiāshì)
害事
家務事／家务事
寒事
實事／实事 (shíshì)
封事
將事／将事
尋事／寻事
小事 (xiǎoshì)
小差事兒／小差事儿
就事 (jiùshì)
屬辭比事／属辞比事
工事 (gōngshì)
巧事 (qiǎoshì)
差事
師事／师事 (shīshì)
常事 (chángshì)
平安無事／平安无事 (píng'ānwúshì)
平白無事／平白无事
年事 (niánshì)
幹事／干事
幾事／几事
底事
廳事／厅事
弔腳兒事／吊脚儿事
張大其事／张大其事
彌事／弥事
影事
往事 (wǎngshì)
後事／后事 (hòushì)
從事／从事 (cóngshì)
得意之事
心事 (xīnshì)
心想事成 (xīnxiǎngshìchéng)
心腹事 (xīnfùshì)
志事 (zhìshì)
快事
怪事 (guàishì)
急事 (jíshì)
怕事 (pàshì)
恨事
恤事
息事寧人／息事宁人 (xīshìníngrén)
情事 (qíngshì)
情隨事遷／情随事迁 (qíngsuíshìqiān)
惹事 (rěshì)
感事
慎重其事
慮事／虑事
慘事／惨事 (cǎnshì)
懂事 (dǒngshì)
憾事 (hànshì)
懺事／忏事
成事 (chéngshì)
戎事
戰事／战事 (zhànshì)
戳事
所事
房事 (fángshì)
抄事
投事
找事 (zhǎoshì)
招事
指事 (zhǐshì)
拿事 (náshì)
捉事人
接事 (jiēshì)
推事 (tuīshì)
探事人
損事／损事
擇主而事／择主而事 (zézhǔ'érshì)
擇人而事／择人而事
攬事／揽事
政事 (zhèngshì)
故事
敗事／败事 (bàishì)
敘事／叙事 (xùshì)
啟事／启事 (qǐshì)
敬事
料事
斯事體大／斯事体大
新鮮事／新鲜事
斷事／断事
於事無濟／于事无济
於事無補／于事无补 (yúshìwúbǔ)
日事錢／日事钱
是事
春事
時事／时事 (shíshì)
時異事殊／时异事殊
時移事改／时移事改
時移事遷／时移事迁
暗事 (ànshì)
暢事／畅事
曉事／晓事 (xiǎoshì)
更事 (gēngshì)
會事／会事
月事 (yuèshì)
有事 (yǒushì)
有志者事竟成 (yǒu zhì zhě shì jìng chéng)
服事 (fúshì)
本事
末事
本分事
東窗事發／东窗事发 (dōngchuāngshìfā)
枉道事人
案事
樂事／乐事 (lèshì)
橫事／横事
機事／机事
欠事
正事 (zhèngshì)
此事體大／此事体大
武事 (wǔshì)
歲事／岁事
歹事 (dǎishì)
死事
每事問／每事问 (měishìwèn)
比肩而事
民事 (mínshì)
求事
沒事／没事 (méishì)
沒渾過事／没浑过事
沒頭事／没头事
法事 (fǎshì)
海事 (hǎishì)
浪事
涉事 (shèshì)
混事
滋事 (zīshì)
渾閑事／浑闲事
濟事／济事 (jìshì)
炊事 (chuīshì)
無事忙／无事忙
無事生非／无事生非 (wúshìshēngfēi)
無事生風／无事生风
無价事
無濟於事／无济于事 (wújìyúshì)
無補於事／无补于事 (wúbǔyúshì)
煞有介事 (shàyǒujièshì)
熟事 (shúshì)
燈事／灯事
物事 (wùshì)
犯事 (fànshì)
獃事
王事 (wángshì)
玉成其事
理事 (lǐshì)
理屈事窮／理屈事穷
瑣事／琐事 (suǒshì)
甚事
生事 (shēngshì)
用事 (yòngshì)
異事／异事 (yìshì)
當事／当事
疙瘩事
白事 (báishì)
百事 (bǎishì)
盛事 (shèngshì)
監事／监事 (jiānshì)
直道事人
省事
相安無事／相安无事 (xiāng'ānwúshì)
真事 (zhēnshì)
矇事／蒙事
知事 (zhīshì)
確有其事／确有其事 (quèyǒuqíshì)
礙事／碍事 (àishì)
祀事
視事／视事 (shìshì)
禍事／祸事 (huòshì)
萬事／万事 (wànshì)
私事 (sīshì)
秋事
稍事
穡事／穑事
空頭事／空头事
立事
竣事
管事 (guǎnshì)
糗事 (qiǔshì)
紅事／红事 (hóngshì)
紀事／纪事 (jìshì)
細事／细事
給事中／给事中
結髮事師／结发事师
經事／经事 (jīngshì)
緝事／缉事
繪事後素／绘事后素
繼志述事／继志述事
罕事
置身事外 (zhìshēnshìwài)
美事 (měishì)
聽事／听事
肇事 (zhàoshì)
能事
臨事以懼／临事以惧
臨事而懼／临事而惧
舉事／举事 (jǔshì)
舊事／旧事 (jiùshì)
舍本事末
花事
苦事
若有其事
若無其事／若无其事 (ruòwúqíshì)
茲事體大／兹事体大
董事 (dǒngshì)
蓋棺事定／盖棺事定
蕆事／蒇事
處事／处事 (chǔshì)
蠶事／蚕事
行事 (xíngshì)
行所無事／行所无事
行若無事／行若无事 (xíngruòwúshì)
行隨事遷／行随事迁
襄事
要事 (yàoshì)
見事風生／见事风生
親事／亲事 (qīnshì)
解事
觸事面牆／触事面墙
言事若神
記事／记事 (jìshì)
許事／许事
訟事／讼事 (sòngshì)
訪事／访事
評事／评事
詹事
詢事考言／询事考言
說事／说事
誤事／误事 (wùshì)
論事／论事
請事／请事
諳事／谙事
謀事／谋事 (móushì)
謀泄事露
議事／议事 (yìshì)
象事
費事／费事 (fèishì)
賤事／贱事
起事 (qǐshì)
趣事 (qùshì)
踵事增華／踵事增华
軍事／军事 (jūnshì)
軼事／轶事 (yìshì)
輕事重報／轻事重报
辦事／办事 (bànshì)
農事／农事 (nóngshì)
逆事
送往事居
通事 (tōngshì)
通功易事
這號事／这号事
逸事 (yìshì)
遂事
遇事生風／遇事生风
選事／选事
遺事／遗事 (yíshì)
鄙事
鄭重其事／郑重其事
醜事／丑事 (chǒushì)
金三事兒／金三事儿
錄事／录事
閒事／闲事 (xiánshì)
閒來無事／闲来无事
闖事／闯事
阿尊事貴／阿尊事贵
陰事／阴事
陳事／陈事 (chénshì)
隨事／随事
雜事／杂事 (záshì)
難事／难事 (nánshì)
非常之事
非軍事區／非军事区 (fēijūnshìqū)
靦顏事仇／䩄颜事仇
韻事／韵事 (yùnshì)
頂事／顶事 (dǐngshì)
順事／顺事
領事／领事 (lǐngshì)
風流事／风流事
風流佳事／风流佳事
風火事／风火事
風聞言事／风闻言事
食少事煩／食少事烦
餘事／余事
餓死事小，失節事大／饿死事小，失节事大 (èsǐ shì xiǎo, shījié shì dà)
首事 (shǒushì)
高枕無事／高枕无事
鬧事／闹事 (nàoshì)
麼子事／么子事

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (事):

→ Japanese: 事(じ) (ji)
→ Korean: 사(事) (sa)
→ Vietnamese: sự (事)

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zì (zi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄗˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zì
  - Zhuyin: ㄗˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zìh
  - Wade–Giles: tzŭ⁴
  - Yale: dz̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyh
  - Palladius: цзы (czy)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹/

Middle Chinese: tsriH

Rime
Character	事
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	莊 (18)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	側吏切
Baxter	tsriH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃɨ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂɨ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃie^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂɨ^H/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃiə^H/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃĭə^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ʔsrɯs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	事
Reading #	1/2
No.	11485
Phonetic component	史
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	胾
Old Chinese	/*ʔsrɯs/
Notes	見漢書又作剚倳

Definitions

事

Alternative form of 倳 (zì, “to establish”)
Alternative form of 剚 (zì, “to stab”)

References

“事”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00048

Japanese

Kanji

事

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Go-on: じ (ji, Jōyō)
Kan-on: し (shi)
Kan’yō-on: ず (zu, Jōyō ^†)
Kun: こと (koto, 事, Jōyō); つかう (tsukau, 事う)^{←つかふ (tukafu, 事ふ, historical)}; つかえる (tsukaeru, 事える)^{←つかへる (tukaferu, 事へる, historical)}
Nanori: ろ (ro)

As an alternative form of 倳 and 剚:

Go-on: し (shi)
Kan-on: し (shi)
Kun: さす (sasu, 事す); たてる (tateru, 事てる)

Compounds

事(じ)案(あん) (jian, “a concern”)
事(じ)宜(ぎ) (jigi, “a fitting thing”)
事(じ)業(ぎょう) (jigyō, “a project, an enterprise”)
事(じ)局(きょく) (jikyoku, “circumstances”)
事(じ)件(けん) (jiken, “an event, an affair”)
事(じ)故(こ) (jiko, “an accident, an incident”)
事(じ)後(ご) (jigo, “after-, post-, after the fact”)
事(じ)項(こう) (jikō, “matters, articles”)
事(じ)実(じつ) (jijitsu, “a fact, the truth, actuality”)
事々(じじ)物々(ぶつぶつ) (jijibutsubutsu), 事事(じじ)物物(ぶつぶつ) (jijibutsubutsu, “everything”)
事(じ)象(しょう) (jishō, “an event, a phenomenon”)
事(じ)情(じょう) (jijō, “circumstances, consideration”)
事(じ)績(せき) (jiseki, “an achievement, an exploit”)
事(じ)迹(せき) (jiseki), 事(じ)跡(せき) (jiseki), 事(じ)蹟(せき) (jiseki, “evidence, trace”)
事(じ)前(ぜん) (jizen, “prior, beforehand”)
事(じ)相(そう) (jisō, “an aspect, a phase”)
事(じ)態(たい) (jitai), 事(じ)体(たい) (jitai, “a situation, a state of affairs”)
事(じ)大(だい) (jidai, “subservient to the stronger”)
事(じ)典(てん) (jiten, “an encyclopedia”)
事(じ)犯(はん) (jihan, “a crime”)
事(じ)物(ぶつ) (jibutsu, “things, affairs”)
事(じ)変(へん) (jihen, “an accident, a disaster”)
事(じ)務(む) (jimu, “business, clerical work”)
事(じ)務(む)室(しつ) (jimushitsu, “an office”)
事(じ)由(ゆう) (jiyū, “a reason, a cause”)
事(じ)理(り) (jiri, “a reason, facts”)
事(じ)例(れい) (jirei, “an example, a precedent”)
火(か)事(じ) (kaji, “a fire, a conflagration”)
家(か)事(じ) (kaji, “household affairs”)
幹(かん)事(じ) (kanji, “a manager, an organizer”)
記(き)事(じ) (kiji, “a news article, a news story”)
軍(ぐん)事(じ) (gunji, “military affairs”)
刑(けい)事(じ) (keiji, “a police detective”)
工(こう)事(じ) (kōji, “construction”)
食(しょく)事(じ) (shokuji, “a meal”)
人(じん)事(じ) (jinji, “personnel, human resources”)
知(ち)事(じ) (chiji, “a prefectural governor”)
判(はん)事(じ) (hanji, “a judge”)
人(ひと)事(ごと) (hitogoto, “other people's affairs, other people's business”)
無(ぶ)事(じ) (buji, “safety, peace”)
返(へん)事(じ) (henji, “an answer, a reply”)
房(ぼう)事(じ) (bōji, “sex, lovemaking”)
物(もの)事(ごと) (monogoto, “things, everything”)
用(よう)事(じ) (yōji, “things to do”)
理(り)事(じ) (riji, “a director, a trustee”)
領(りょう)事(じ) (ryōji, “a consul”)
事(こと)新(あたら)しい (koto atarashī, “new”)
事(こと)誤(あやま)り (koto ayamari, “getting one's facts wrong”)
事(こと)改(あらた)めて (koto aratamete, “anew”)
事(こと)欠(か)く (kotokaku, “to lack something”)
事(こと)柄(がら) (kotogara, “a matter, a thing”)
事(こと)切(き)れる (koto kireru, “to expire, to die”)
事(こと)々(ごと) (kotogoto), 事(こと)事(ごと) (kotogoto, “everything”)
事(こと)々(ごと)しい (kotogotoshī), 事(こと)事(ごと)しい (kotogotoshī, “bombastic”)
事(こと)細(こま)か (koto komaka, “detailed”)
事(こと)立(だ)てる (kotodateru, “to do something different”)
事(こと)足(た)りる (koto tariru, “to suffice, to be sufficient”)
事(こと)足(た)る (koto taru, “to suffice, to be enough”)
事(こと)共(ども) (kotodomo, “things, matters”)
事(こと)無(な)し (koto nashi, “having nothing to do; light-hearted; having no faults”)
事(こと)勿(なか)れ (koto nakare, “a desire for peacefulness and nothing out of the ordinary”)
事(こと)勿(なか)れ主(しゅ)義(ぎ) (koto nakare shugi, “peace-at-any-price-ism, don't-rock-the-boat-ism, the principle of acceding to anything to avoid trouble”)
事(こと)無(な)く (koto naku, “without accident, without incident, without a hitch”)
事(こと)珍(めずら)しく (koto mezurashiku, “strangely, oddly”)
事(こと)寄(よ)せる (koto yoseru), 言(こと)寄(よ)せる (koto yoseru, “to use something as an excuse or pretext”)
事(こと)寄(よ)る (koto yoru, “to have facts or events wind up pointing one way”)
仕(し)事(ごと) (shigoto, “work, employment”)
見(み)事(ごと) (migoto), 美(み)事(ごと) (migoto, “splendid, magnificent”)
好事家(こうずか) (kōzuka, “a dilettante”)
関(かん)心(しん)事(じ) (kanshinji, “a matter of concern and interest”)
勝(しょう)負(ぶ)事(ごと) (shōbugoto, “gambling, competition”)
出(で)来(き)事(ごと) (dekigoto, “an occurrence, an affair, an accident”)

事 (ji, “matters; affairs”) occur in a few compounds that were originally about the matters or affairs themselves, or an action upon those matters or affairs, but evolved into referring to the person doing something to the matters or affairs.
- 主(しゅ)事(じ) (shuji, “superintendent”, literally “main matters”)
- 刑(けい)事(じ) (keiji, “criminal detective”, literally “law enforcement/penal matters”)
- 判(はん)事(じ) (hanji, “judge; justice”, literally “to judge matters”)
- 参(さん)事(じ) (sanji, “secretary; counsellor; councillor”, literally “to attend to matters”)
- 執(しつ)事(じ) (shitsuji, “steward; butler”, literally “to execute matters”)
- 幹(かん)事(じ) (kanji, “manager; secretary”, literally “to perform matters”)
- 検(けん)事(じ) (kenji, “prosecutor”, literally “to inspect matters”)
- 理(り)事(じ) (riji, “director”, literally “to arrange matters”)
- 知(ち)事(じ) (chiji, “prefectural governor”, literally “governing matters”)
- 通(つう)事(じ) (tsūji, “interpreter”, literally “to smooth out matters”)
- 領(りょう)事(じ) (ryōji, “consul”, literally “to take/accept matters”)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
事
こと Grade: 3
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 事 – see the following entry.

【こと】

[noun] broadly, any abstract thing, affair, matter, or fact

[noun] a thing, occasion, circumstances, detail, particular

[noun] act of (word used for the nominalization of verbs, adjectives, or phrases)

[noun] (by extension) experience, having been or done (used with ある (aru, “have, possess”))

[noun] event of special importance: affair, something, incident, case, occurrence, trouble

[noun] business matters, affairs, business, work, duty

[noun] Used as a nominalizer for precepts.

[noun] It is said that; I've heard that (used with とのこと)

[noun] Used to introduce aliases/stage names.

Alternative spellings
亊, 縡, ヿ

(This term, 事, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
事
じ Grade: 3
goon

From Middle Chinese 事 (MC dzriH, “thing, matter; task, job”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [d͡ʑi]

Affix

事(じ) • (ji)

thing
work; job; business
to serve; to work for

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 事 (MC dzriH).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean ᄊᆞ〯 (ssǒ) (Yale: ssǒ) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527. Recorded as Middle Korean ᄉᆞ (so) (Yale: so) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰa̠(ː)]
Phonetic hangul: [사(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource 事 (eumhun 일 사 (il sa))

Hanja form^? of 사 (“thing; matter”).

Compounds

사건 (事件, sageon)
사력 (事力, saryeok)
사례 (事例, sarye)
사무 (事務, samu)
사사 (事事, sasa)
사전 (事典, sajeon)
사전 (事前, sajeon)
사주 (事主, saju)
사판 (事判, sapan)
사필귀정 (事必歸正, sapilgwijeong)
사세 (事勢, sase)
사대 (事大, sadae)
사실 (事實, sasil)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

事: Hán Việt readings: sự[1][2][3][4][5]
事: Nôm readings: sự[1][2][4][6], xì[3]

chữ Hán form of sự (“deed; act; occurrence”).
Nôm form of xì (“to leak out, to escape”).

Compounds

References

Nguyễn (2014).
Nguyễn et al. (2009).
Trần (2004).
Bonet (1899).
Génibrel (1898).
Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[tdcndg-1] Nguyễn (2014).

[tdcntd-2] Nguyễn et al. (2009).

[gdhn-3] Trần (2004).

[bonet-4] Bonet (1899).

[genibrel-5] Génibrel (1898).

[taberd-6] Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).