難事

See also: 难事

Chinese

		disaster; distress; to scold disaster; distress; to scold; difficult (to...); problem; difficulty; difficult; not good	matter; thing; item matter; thing; item; work; affair
trad. (難事)		難	事
simp. (难事)		难	事

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): nánshì

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˊ ㄕˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): naan⁴ si⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lân-sû

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: nánshì
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ ㄕˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: nánshìh
  - Wade–Giles: nan²-shih⁴
  - Yale: nán-shr̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nanshyh
  - Palladius: наньши (nanʹši)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nän³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    男士
    男式
    難事／难事
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: naan⁴ si⁶
  - Yale: nàahn sih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: naan⁴ si⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: nan⁴ xi⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /naːn²¹ siː²²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lân-sû
  - Tâi-lô: lân-sû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lansuu
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lan²⁴⁻²² su²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lan²⁴⁻²² su²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lan¹³⁻²² su¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lan²⁴⁻¹¹ su²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lan²³⁻³³ su²³/

Middle Chinese: nan dzriH

Rime
Character	難	事
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)	崇 (20)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	那干切	鉏吏切
Baxter	nan	dzriH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nɑn/	/d͡ʒɨ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/nɑn/	/ɖ͡ʐɨ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/nɑn/	/d͡ʒie^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nan/	/ɖ͡ʐɨ^H/
Li Rong	/nɑn/	/d͡ʒiə^H/
Wang Li	/nɑn/	/d͡ʒĭə^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/nɑn/	/ɖ͡ʐʱi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nán	zhì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	naan⁴	zi⁶

Noun

難事

difficult matter; difficulty
- 天下難事，必作於易，天下大事，必作於細。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  天下难事，必作于易，天下大事，必作于细。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Tao Te Ching, 4^th century BCE
  Tiānxià nánshì, bì zuò yú yì, tiānxià dàshì, bì zuò yú xì. [Pinyin]
  All difficult things in the world are sure to arise from a previous state in which they were easy, and all great things from one in which they were small.
- 踰墻穿壁非難事，曾與農夫誓不更。 [Korean Literary Sinitic, trad.]
  From: Poem attributed to a lover of Kim Byeong'yeon (金炳淵), 1800s
  Yu jang cheon byeok bi nansa, jeung yeo nongbu seo bul gyeong. [Sino-Korean]
  It is no difficult matter to go over fences and bore holes in walls; but I have already given my hand to a farmer, and my vow cannot be changed.

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (難事):

→ Japanese: 難事(なんじ) (nanji)
→ Korean: 난사(難事) (nansa)
→ Vietnamese: nan sự (難事)

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