pas

Borrowed from French pas.

• IPA^(key): /pɑː/

pas (plural pas)

1. (now rare) The right of going foremost; precedence. [from 18th c.]
   • 1792, Charlotte Smith, Desmond, Broadview, published 2001, page 71:

     ‘Nobody of any elegance of manners can exist, where tradesmen, attornies, and mechanics have the pas.’

   • 1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 9, in Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC:

     Even Mrs. Bute Crawley, the Rector's wife, refused to visit her, as she said she would never give the pas to a tradesman's daughter.

2. A step in a dance. [from 18th c.]
   • 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 18, in The History of Pendennis. […], volumes (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:

     The premier pas in life is the most important of all ……

• have the pas of someone

• see pa

• IPA^(key): /pɑːz/

pas

1. plural of pa

• APS, APs, ASP, PSA, Psa., SAP, SPA, Spa, asp, s.ap., sap, spa

• IPA^(key): [pɑs]

• Audio

  (file)

pas (plural passe)

1. pace, step
2. pass (a card or document)

   die paswette tydens die apartheidsjare - the pass laws during the years of apartheid

• 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

• mbas — Tosk, Standard Albanian
• mas — Gheg

From Proto-Albanian *pa ̊, from Proto-Indo-European *pós (“directly to, at, after”). Cognate to Ancient Greek πός (pós, “at, to, by”), Old Church Slavonic по (po, “behind, after”).

pas (+ablative)

1. behind, beyond
2. after
3. at
4. over
5. against

pas

1. behind
2. after
3. hence

• pasi
• pastaj
• pasojë
• pasardhës

• pa
• mbasi
• mbas

pas

1. because

• IPA^(key): /ˈpas/
• Rhymes: -as
• Syllabification: pas

pas

1. emphasises a negation; (not) at all; (not) ever
   • 2010, Academia de l’Aragonés, Propuesta ortografica de l’Academia de l’Aragonés, 2nd edition, Edacar, page I:

     –pero no pas superficial, asperamos–

     – but not at all superficial, we hope –

   • 2010, Academia de l’Aragonés, Propuesta ortografica de l’Academia de l’Aragonés, 2nd edition, Edacar, page 20:

     No ocurre pas debant de f-, […]

     It doesn’t ever occur before f-, […]

• no

pas m pl

1. plural of pá

pas (definite accusative pası, plural paslar)

1. rust
   1. deteriorated state of iron or steel
   2. disease of plants
2. (figurative) shame, disgrace, infamy

   Synonym: eyib

• pasaq

• “pas” in Obastan.com.

pas

1. squirrel (rodent)

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencian) [ˈpas]

Inherited from Old Catalan pas, from Latin passus (“step”). Its use as an auxiliary adverb comes from an accusative use (Latin nec…passum) in negative constructions – literally ‘not…a step’, i.e. ‘not at all’ – originally used with certain verbs of motion. Compare similarly used French pas. Cognate with Galician and Spanish paso and Portuguese passo.

pas m (plural passos)

1. pace, step
2. (historical, measure) paso, Spanish pace, a traditional unit of length
3. (figuratively) pace, action
4. pace, gait, rhythm of walking

• passa

• (unit of length): peu (⅕ pas), vara (⅗ pas), braça (1⅕ pas)

• passet

• passar

pas

1. (in negative sentences) used to intensify negation: at all, ever

   No feu pas això ― Do not ever do this

   No serà pas important. ― It won't matter. (literally, “It won't be so important.”)

• The main marker of negation in Catalan is the adverb no. No is placed before the verbs, while pas is usually placed after it. Unlike Occitan or French, where pas and pas is a mandatory negative particle (under many circumstances); in Catalan, pas is only used as an optional intensifier of negation. However, some northern dialects use "pas" instead of "no" as the mandatory negative particle. Also, in many dialects "pas" has totally disappeared.

Deverbal from passar.

pas m (plural passos)

1. passing
2. crossing

   pas zebra ― zebra crossing

3. passage

   ritu de pas ― rite of passage

4. pitch (distance between evenly spaced objects)

   pas de rosca ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   pas polar ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

• de pas
• pas a nivell
• pas de vianants
• pas zebra

• “pas” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “pas”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “pas” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “pas” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

pas

1. past

From Arabic بَاسَ (bāsa).

pas I (present pipús) (transitive)

1. to kiss

• Borg, Alexander (2004) A Comparative Glossary of Cypriot Maronite Arabic (Arabic–English) (Handbook of Oriental Studies; I.70), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 168

• IPA^(key): [ˈpas]

pas m inan

1. Alternative form of pás (“waist”)

pas m inan

1. passport

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

pas

1. second-person singular imperative of pást

• pas in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• pas in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
• pas in Internetová jazyková příručka

Borrowed from German Pass, from Italian passaporto.

pas n (singular definite passet, plural indefinite pas)

1. passport

From French pas and German Pass, from Latin passus.

pas n (singular definite passet, plural indefinite passer)

1. (geography) mountain pass

   Synonym: bjergpas

Borrowed from French passe, from French passer.

pas c (singular definite passen, plural indefinite passer)

1. (card games) pass

• “pas” in Den Danske Ordbog

• IPA^(key): /pɑs/

• audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: pas
• Rhymes: -ɑs

Deverbal from passen, from Middle Dutch passen, from pas, from Old French pas, from Latin passus. Equivalent to a derivation from etymology 2.

pas

1. just, recently
2. hardly
3. only, not until, not any sooner

   Pas als je kamer is opgeruimd, krijg je een koekje.

   Only when your room has been cleaned up, you'll get a cookie.

4. now … really

   Da's pas stoer!

   Now that is really cool!

• Afrikaans: pas
• Negerhollands: pas
• → Aukan: pasi pasi
• → Caribbean Hindustani: pás
• → Caribbean Javanese: pas
• → Indonesian: pas
• → Volapük: pas

pas (used only predicatively, not comparable)

1. fitting, having a proper fit, having the correct size and shape

   Die schoenen zijn niet pas.

   Those shoes do not fit well.

• waterpas

• → Indonesian: pas

From Middle Dutch pas, from Old French pas, from Latin passus.

pas m (plural passen, diminutive pasje n)

1. pace, step; also as a measure of distance
2. (geography) mountain pass
3. fit of an object, notably depending on forms and/or dimensions

• bergpas
• danspas
• looppas
• wandelpas

• Afrikaans: pas
• → Indonesian: pas

From paspoort or from etymology 2.

pas m (plural passen, diminutive pasje n)

1. pass, passport (travel document)
2. identification document

• bankpas
• betaalpas
• ledenpas
• pasfoto
• pinpas
• reispas

• Afrikaans: pas
• → Caribbean Javanese: layang pas
• → Indonesian: pas
• → Papiamentu: pas

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

pas

1. inflection of passen:
   1. first-person singular present indicative
   2. imperative

• sap

pas

1. to open

< passata

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɑs/, [ˈpɑ̝s̠]
• Rhymes: -ɑs
• Syllabification^(key): pas

pas

1. (card games) I pass!

• “pas”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

Inherited from Old French pas, from Latin passus.

Its use as an auxiliary negative adverb comes from an accusative use (Latin nec… passum) in negative constructions – literally “not… a step”, i.e. “not at all” – originally used with certain verbs of motion. In older French other nouns could also be used in this way, such as ne… goutte (“not… a drop”) and ne… mie (“not… a crumb”), but in the modern language pas has become grammaticalized.

• IPA^(key): /pa/, /pɑ/

• audio (France)

  (file)

• audio (Quebec)

  (file)

• audio (Quebec, formal)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -a, -ɑ

pas m (plural pas)

1. step, pace, footstep
   • 2018, Zaz, On s'en remet jamais:

     Des pas qu’on gravait dans la neige sont partis avec le printemps.

     Steps we etched in the snow are gone with the [arrival of] spring.

2. (geography) strait, pass

   Pas de Calais ― Strait of Dover

3. thread, pitch (of a screw or nut)

pas

1. The most common adverb of negation in French, typically translating into English as not, don't, doesn't, etc.

   Je ne sais pas.

   I don't know

   Ma grande sœur n’habite pas avec nous.

   My big sister doesn't live with us.

   J’veux pas travailler.

   I don't wanna work.

   (Je ne veux pas travailler)

• The adverb of negation pas is normally used in conjunction with the particle ne, as in the examples Je ne sais pas and Ma grande sœur n’habite pas avec nous above. In colloquial language, ne can be dropped, as in the example J'veux pas travailler above.
• Word order:[1]
  • Pas directly follows the inflected verb, which itself follows the particle ne;

    Il ne mange pas. ― He's not eating.

    Ne le touchez pas. ― Don't touch him.

  • in compound verb structures it is placed between the inflected auxiliary and the participle.

    Il n’a pas mangé. ― He didn't eat.

  • When negating an infinitive verb, pas normally follows ne and precedes that verb in the construction ne pas + infinitive (though the sequence ne + infinitive + pas was common in the Classical French of the 17th and 18th centuries).

    Il a reçu une leçon à ne pas oublier. ― He received a lesson not to be forgotten.

  • pas can be placed before an adverb that modifies all or part of a verbal syntagma, but it directly follows an adverb that modifies the whole sentence.

    Je n’ai pas vraiment compris. ― I didn't truly understand.

    Il n’est probablement pas arrivé. ― He probably hasn't arrived.

  • Certain adverbs (e.g. même) can be used before or after pas without affecting the meaning of the phrase. With other adverbs (e.g. toujours), there may be considerable difference in meaning depending on whether pas comes before or after.

    pas toujours ― not always

    toujours pas ― still not

• point

• passage
• passer

From Latin passus.

pas m (plural pass)

1. step, footstep
2. pace

• passâ

• IPA^(key): [ˈpas]
• Hyphenation: pas

Borrowed from Dutch passend, pas, from Middle Dutch pas, passen, from Old French pas, from Latin passus, pandere (“to spread, unfold, stretch”), from Proto-Indo-European *patno-, *pete- (“to spread, stretch out”).

• Sense of "to pass, to achieve a successful outcome from" is semantic loan from Malay pas or English pass which both are cognate of above.

pas (plural pas-pas, first-person possessive pasku, second-person possessive pasmu, third-person possessive pasnya)

1. pass, permission or license to pass, or to go and come
2. mountain pass

pas (comparative lebih pas, superlative paling pas)

1. (colloquial) fit, suitable, proper.

pas

1. to pass, to achieve a successful outcome from

   Synonym: lulus

Possibly borrowed and adapted from Dutch pas, a deverbal from passen, from Middle Dutch passen, from pas, from Old French pas, from Latin passus. Therefore related to etymology 1.

pas

1. (colloquial, nonstandard) only, not until, not any sooner

   Simpan aja dulu, belinya nanti pas gajian

   Just keep it first, purchase it later only at the payday

   [1]

2. (colloquial, nonstandard) when, at the time of

   Pada saat puasa Ramadhan, banyak yang bertanya mengenai sahur pas imsak, apa boleh?

   When fasting during Ramadan, many have questioned regarding doing suhur at the time of imsak; would such action be permissible?

   [2]

pas

1. (colloquial, nonstandard) when

   Synonyms: saat, ketika

pas

1. (colloquial, nonstandard) during, at the time of

• The word is very often used in casual and colloquial exchanges. However, the adverb's etymology is unusually scarcely scrutinized despite its common occurrences in day-to-day speech.

pas (first-person possessive pasku, second-person possessive pasmu, third-person possessive pasnya)

1. (archaic) Alternative spelling of opas.

• “pas” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

• IPA^(key): [ˈpˠasˠ]

pas m (genitive singular pas, nominative plural pasanna)

1. passport
2. pass

• IPA^(key): [pɐs]

pàs

1. (usually with accusative) by; with; at

   Ar tu norėtum sėdėti pas mane?

   Would you like to sit by/with me?

   Mes galime valgyti pas tave.

   We can eat at your place.

   Jis gyvena pas savo tėvus.

   He lives with his parents.

pas

1. peace

From Proto-Slavic *pojasъ.

• IPA^(key): /pas/

pas m inan

1. belt

From Old French pas.

pas m (plural pas)

1. pace; step

• French: pas

pas

1. sun, day

• Audio

  (file)

From Old Occitan pas, from Latin passus.

pas

1. (after the verb) not (negates the meaning of a verb)
2. Intensifies adverbs of negation

   pas jamai ― never ever

pas m

1. step, pace

• IPA^(key): /ˈpas/

From Latin passus.

pas oblique singular, m (oblique plural pas, nominative singular pas, nominative plural pas)

1. pace; step
   • 13th c., uncertain (perhaps Adam de la Halle), Li Jus du pelerin :

     Segnieur, pelerins sui, si ai alé maint pas, / par viles, par castiaus, par chités, par trespas.

     Sirs, I am a pilgrim, and I have travelled a lot (literally, "I have gone steps a lot"), through towns, castles, cities, passageways.

• → English: pace
• Middle French: pas

From Latin pastus (“pasture”).

pas oblique singular, m (oblique plural pas, nominative singular pas, nominative plural pas)

1. Alternative form of past
   • 13th c., uncertain (perhaps Adam de la Halle), Li Jus du pelerin :

     S'aroie bien mestier que je fusse à repas, / car n'ai mie par tout mout bien trouvé mes pas.

     It'd be great to make some arrangement so I can have a meal, because not always, not at all, have I found food wherever I've been.

• repast

From Portuguese paz and Spanish paz and Kabuverdianu pás.

pas

1. peace

From Pashto [script needed] (pas).

• IPA^(key): /pas/

pas (پس)

1. after

• Liljegren, Henrik, Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎, Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

• IPA^(key): /pas/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -as
• Syllabification: pas

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pojasъ.

pas m inan

1. belt
2. lane (lengthwise division of roadway)
3. (heraldry) fess
4. (anatomy) waist

• pás (obsolete, dialectal)

• → Belarusian: пас (pas)
• → Yiddish: פּאַס (pas)

Borrowed from French passe.

pas m inan

1. (card games) pass

Borrowed from French pas.

• IPA^(key): /pa/
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: pas

pas m inan

1. pas, step

• pas in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• pas in Polish dictionaries at PWN

• IPA^(key): /pas/
• Rhymes: -as

• Audio

  (file)

Inherited from Latin passus.

pas m (plural pași)

1. step, pace, footstep, stride
2. step (stage of a process)
3. gait

• bate pasul pe loc
• în pas cu
• pas cu pas
• păși
• ține pasul

• păsa

• păs

Borrowed from German Pass, French pas.

pas n (plural pasuri)

1. (now rare outside place names) mountain pass

   Synonym: trecătoare

2. (obsolete) passport

   Synonym: pașaport

pas m (genitive singular pais, plural pasaichean)

1. pass (permission)

• pes (Kajkavian)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pьsъ.

• IPA^(key): /pâs/

pȁs m (Cyrillic spelling па̏с, diminutive psȉć, relational adjective pȁsjī or psȅćī)

1. dog

   Volim svog psa. ― I love my dog.

Shortened form of pȍjās.

• IPA^(key): /pâːs/

pȃs m (Cyrillic spelling па̑с)

1. (regional) belt, girdle
2. (regional) waist, waistline

• opàsati

• pȍjās
• opàsāč

From English pass or French passe.

• IPA^(key): /pâːs/

pȃs m (Cyrillic spelling па̑с)

1. (sports) pass

• IPA^(key): [pas]

pas m inan

1. passport

• “pas”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

pas m pl

1. plural of pa

• bas

pas

1. price

From English pouch.

pas

1. pouch

• skin pas (“envelope”)

pas

1. closed; shut; sealed
   • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 2:24:

     Olsem na dispela pasin i kamap. Man i save lusim papamama na i pas wantaim meri bilong en, na tupela i kamap wanpela bodi tasol.

     →New International Version translation

• ai i pas
• bel i pas
• pas maus

• pasim

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɑs/
• Hyphenation: pas

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish پاس (“rust”), ultimately from Proto-Turkic *bas (“residue”).

pas (definite accusative pası, plural paslar)

1. rust (oxidation of metal)

Borrowed from English pass or from French passe.

pas (definite accusative pası, plural paslar)

1. (sports) pass (The act of moving the ball or puck from one player to another.)

• pasör

pas

1. (card games) A phrase indicating that the player is declining to play their turn; I pass

• “pas”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “pas1”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “pas2”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Ayverdi, İlhan (2010) “pas”, in Misalli Büyük Türkçe Sözlük, a reviewed and expanded single-volume edition, Istanbul: Kubbealtı Neşriyatı
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “pas”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3708

Apparently introduced by Arie de Jong in Volapük Nulik. If so, probably borrowed from Dutch pas.

• IPA^(key): /pas/

pas

1. only recently, just now