-ma

-ma

1. Form of -mə after the vowels A / I / O / U.

-ma

1. Form of -mə after the vowels A / I / O / U.

-ma

1. particle indicating a link between two people

• filanima (“twin”)
• sinama (“co-wife”)
• terima (“friend”)
• tɔgɔma (“homonym”)

-ma

1. particle creating adjectives from common nouns

• sukaroma (“sweet”)
• kɔgɔma (“salty”)
• nɔnɔma (“with milk”)
• cɛma (“male”)
• musoma (“female”)

-ma

1. (demonstrative) that, those

• -pa (“this”)

-ma

1. occurring in Dutch surnames of Frisian origin, ma is probably a shortened form of the old Frisian genitive plural -monna, 'the men's'. After this suffix had fallen into disuse in the Frisian language, it came to be considered as a suffix to form family names.

From Proto-Finnic *-ma. Cognate with Finnish -ma.

-ma (da-infinitive -ta)

1. Forms verbs from nouns.

From Proto-Finnic *-ma. Cognate with Finnish -ma.

-ma

1. The suffix of the ma-infinitive, which is the lemma form of a verb.

From Proto-Finnic *-ma, from Proto-Uralic *-ma (compare Moksha -ма (-ma) in эряма (eŕama, “life”), кулома (kuloma, “death”)).

-ma (front vowel harmony variant -mä, linguistic notation -mA)

1. Forms action/result nouns from verbs.

   ‎elää (“to live”) + ‎-ma → ‎elämä (“life”)

   ‎kuolla (“to die”) + ‎-ma → ‎kuolema (“death”)

   ‎osua (“to hit”) + ‎-ma → ‎osuma (“hit”)

   ‎sattua (“to take place”) + ‎-ma → ‎sattuma (“chance”)

   ‎tapahtua (“to happen”) + ‎-ma → ‎tapahtuma (“event”)

2. (unproductive) Forms some diminutive nouns.

From Proto-Finnic *-ma, from Proto-Uralic *-ma.

-ma (front vowel harmony variant -mä, linguistic notation -mA)

1. The suffix of the agent participle.

   ‎ajaa (“to drive”) + ‎-ma → ‎ajama (“driven by”)

   miehen ajama auto — car driven by the man

2. The third infinitive suffix; not used on its own, and always receives one of a number of case endings.

Might be somewhat related to Chinese 嗎／吗. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

-ma

1. Final particle which turns the sentence into a polar question.

Created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.. The neologists formed new words with it after artificially deducing it from words ending in -ma/-me. [1]

• IPA^(key): [mɒ]

-ma

1. (noun-forming suffix, rare) Added to a word to form a noun. No longer productive.

   ‎játszik (“to play”) + ‎-ma → ‎játszma (“game, match”)

• (noun-forming suffix) Variants:

  -ma is added to back-vowel words

  -me is added to front-vowel words

• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

From Proto-Finnic *-ma. Cognates include Finnish -ma and Estonian -m.

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /-mɑ/, [-mɑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /-mɑ/, [-mɑ]

-ma (front vowel variant -mä)

1. Used to form result nouns from verbs.

   ‎vettää (“to pull”) + ‎-ma → ‎vetämä (“cartload”)

-ma

1. first person plural exclusive genitive enclitic

From Proto-Cariban *-ma; cognate to Apalaí -ma, Trió -ma, Wayana -ma, Waiwai -ma, Akawaio -ma, Macushi -ma, Pemon -ma, Ye'kwana -ma. Likely also ultimately related to the postposition me (“functioning as”).

• IPA^(key): [-ma]

-ma

1. Forms transitive verbs from nouns and adverbs, with no single clear meaning common to these derivations, but often ‘to cause to become or gain the qualities of’.
2. Forms transitive verbs from loanwords.

• Courtz, Hendrik (2008) A Carib grammar and dictionary‎, Toronto: Magoria Books, →ISBN, pages 133–134, 311
• Yamada, Racquel-María (2010) “-ma”, in Speech community-based documentation, description, and revitalization: Kari’nja in Konomerume‎, University of Oregon, page 767

-ma

1. first person plural exclusive subject enclitic
2. first person plural exclusive possessive enclitic

• -me
• -sme

-ma

1. Added to adjectives (sometimes to nouns) to form abstract nouns, especially those referring to the state or property that corresponds to the original adjective (like, e.g., Eng. -ity).

Cognates include Minica Huitoto -ma and Nüpode Huitoto -ma.

• IPA^(key): [-ma]

-ma

1. Classifier for masculine animate nouns.

• -ño

• -mɨe

• Shirley Burtch (1983) Diccionario Huitoto Murui (Tomo I) (Linguistica Peruana No. 20)‎ (in Spanish), Yarinacocha, Peru: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 170
• Katarzyna Izabela Wojtylak (2017) A grammar of Murui (Bue): a Witotoan language of Northwest Amazonia.‎, Townsville: James Cook University press (PhD thesis), page 207

-ma

1. masculine/neuter vocative singular of -mant

From Ottoman Turkish ـما (-ma).

-ma

1. Form of -me (negates verbs) after the vowels A / I / O / U.

   Artık senin için ağlamayacağım.

   I won't weep for you any more.

From Ottoman Turkish ـمه (-ma).

-ma

1. Form of -me (forms verbal nouns) after the vowels A / I / O / U.

   Unutulmayı hiç sevmem.

   I really don't like to be forgotten.

-ma

1. causative suffix; to cause to do (the resulting verb is a ni-class verb)

From Proto-Cariban *-ma; cognate to Apalaí -ma, Kari'na -ma, Trió -ma, Wayana -ma, Waiwai -ma, Akawaio -ma, Macushi -ma, Pemon -ma.

• IPA^(key): [-ma]

-ma

1. Forms transitive verbs from nouns and adverbs, with no single clear meaning common to these derivations.

Derivations with this suffix are often not transparent, with various changes being found in the stem. Quite likely such derivations are old and this suffix has long since stopped being productive.

• Cáceres, Natalia (2011) “-ma”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana‎, Lyon, page 148