-da
Azerbaijani
Cyrillic | -да | |
---|---|---|
Abjad | ـدا |
Usage notes
This suffix is to be preceded by an additional n when the noun it is appended to already ends with another suffix's vowel.
- dostumun maşını → dostumun maşınında
- my friend's car → in my friend's car
Derived terms
See -də.
Basque
Finnish
Etymology
Variously from Proto-Finnic *-dak, *-tak.
Suffix
-da (front vowel harmony variant -dä, linguistic notation -dA)
- A suffix present in certain first infinitives, short form, the citation form of Finnish verbs.
Usage notes
When this suffix is omitted, what remains is the stem of the verb. With the verbs nähdä and tehdä, the consonant stem is left. The first consonant of the following word or enclitic is lengthened.
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [dɒ]
Suffix
-da
Usage notes
Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | -da | -dák |
accusative | -dát | -dákat |
dative | -dának | -dáknak |
instrumental | -dával | -dákkal |
causal-final | -dáért | -dákért |
translative | -dává | -dákká |
terminative | -dáig | -dákig |
essive-formal | -daként | -dákként |
essive-modal | -dául | -dákul |
inessive | -dában | -dákban |
superessive | -dán | -dákon |
adessive | -dánál | -dáknál |
illative | -dába | -dákba |
sublative | -dára | -dákra |
allative | -dához | -dákhoz |
elative | -dából | -dákból |
delative | -dáról | -dákról |
ablative | -dától | -dáktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
-dáé | -dáké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
-dáéi | -dákéi |
Possessive forms of -da | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | -dám | -dáim |
2nd person sing. | -dád | -dáid |
3rd person sing. | -dája | -dái |
1st person plural | -dánk | -dáink |
2nd person plural | -dátok | -dáitok |
3rd person plural | -dájuk | -dáik |
Derived terms
See also
- Appendix:Hungarian suffixes
Ilocano
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ida, from Proto-Austronesian *ida.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /da/
Pronoun
-da
- Third-person plural absolutive enclitic pronoun; they; them
- Sumakdoda idiay poso. ― They fetched water from the water pump.
- Third-person plural ergative enclitic pronoun; they
- Inusarda ti lapisko. ― They used my pencil.
- Third-person plural possessive marker; their
- Napardas ti kotseda. ― Their car is fast.
Usage notes
See also
Person | Number | Absolutive | Ergative | Oblique | Possessive | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Disjunctive | Enclitic | Enclitic3 | bági form | kukua form | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
First | singular | siak | -ak | -ko, -k | kaniak | bagik | kukuak, kuak | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
dual | data, sita1 | -ta | kaniata, kadata | bagita | kukuata | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
plural inclusive | datayo, sitayo1 | -tayo, -tay | kaniatayo, kadatayo | bagitayo | kukuatayo | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
plural exclusive | dakami, sikami1 | -kami, -kam | -mi | kaniami, kadakami | bagimi | kukuami | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Second | singular | sika | -ka | -mo, -m | kaniam, kenka | bagim | kukuam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
plural | dakayo, sikayo1 | -kayo, -kay | -yo | kaniayo, kadakayo | bagiyo | kukuayo | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Third | singular | isu, isuna | Ø2 | -na | kaniana, kenkuana | bagina | kukuana | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
plural | isuda | -da | kaniada, kadakuada | bagida | kukuada | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1Regional variants. 2Null morpheme. There is no absolutive enclitic for the third person singular pronoun. The disjunctives isu or isuna may also be used. 3Ergative enclitics are also used as possessive markers. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fused enclitics
|
Irish
Kambera
Khalaj
Laboya
Pronoun
-da
Murui Huitoto
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [-da]
Classifier
-da
- Classifier for long and straight objects.
- Classifier for objects that resemble a valley.
Derived terms
Old Irish
Polish
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьda.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /da/
- Rhymes: -a
- Syllabification: da
Suffix
-da f
Declension
Derived terms
See also
Further reading
- -da in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Scottish Gaelic
Turkish
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish ده (-da, “locative suffix”), from Proto-Turkic *-te (“locative suffix”). Cognate with Karakhanid دا (-dā, “locative suffix”), Old Turkic 𐱃𐰀 (t¹a /-ta/, “locative suffix”).
Usage notes
- -da is used when the noun's last vowel is a back vowel.
- It could be -de, when the noun's last vowel is a front vowel.
- It could be -ta, when the noun's final consonant is unvoiced.
- It could be -te, after a front vowel followed by an unvoiced consonant.
- It becomes -nda ~ -nde following another suffix that ends in a vowel.
- kapağı + -da → kapağında
- çemberi + -da → çemberinde
- It must be used with an apostrophe following a proper noun.
- İspanya + -da → İspanya'da
Uneapa
Etymology
From Proto-Oceanic *-da, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-ta, from Proto-Austronesian *-ta.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ⁿda/
Suffix
-da
- A first-person plural inclusive possessive suffix.
Further reading
- Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)