-ga

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ga"

Estonian

Etymology

Derived from kaasas, kaasa, which became a suffix. Cognate to Finnish kanssa, Finnish -kaa, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hansō.

Suffix

-ga

  1. ending of the comitative case

Irish

Alternative forms
  • -da (after l and n)
  • -dha (obsolete)

Suffix

-ga

  1. Added to nouns to form adjectives.

Derived terms
Irish terms suffixed with -ga

Ojibwe

Noun

-ga (obligatorily possessed)

  1. mother

Usage notes

-ga is used by some older speakers.

Synonyms

Derived terms
  • ninga (“my mother”)
  • giga (“your mother”)
  • ogiin (“his/her/their mother”)

References

Old English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *-gō, from Proto-Germanic *-gjô, *-gô (suffix).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɡɑ/

Suffix

-ga

  1. Diminutive suffix, used especially in familiar names for pets.
    docga ― dog
    frocga ― frog
    *picga ― pig
    *snecga ― snail
    stacga ― stag
    wicga ― insect

Declension
Declension of -ga (weak)
Case Singular Plural
nominative -ga -gan
accusative -gan -gan
genitive -gan -gena
dative -gan -gum

Pali

Alternative forms
Alternative forms
  • -𑀕 (Brahmi script)
  • -ग (Devanagari script)
  • -গ (Bengali script)
  • -ග (Sinhalese script)
  • -ဂ or -ၷ (Burmese script)
  • -ค or -คะ (Thai script)
  • -ᨣ (Tai Tham script)
  • -ຄ or -ຄະ (Lao script)
  • -គ (Khmer script)
  • -𑄉 (Chakma script)

Etymology

From the root to go. When used as the second element of an upapada tatpurusha, the vowel and final verbal roots ending in a nasal are reduced to their zero grade, /a/, which is then reinterpreted as the thematic vowel.

Adjective

-ga

  1. going

Usage notes

The adjective may be used in an absolute sense, thereby yielding a noun. This suffix is not used as a free-standing adjective.

Declension
Declension table of "-ga" (masculine)
Case \ NumberSingularPlural
Nominative (first)-go-gā
Accusative (second)-gaṃ-ge
Instrumental (third)-gena-gehi or -gebhi
Dative (fourth)-gassa or -gāya or -gatthaṃ-gānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)-gasmā or -gamhā or -gā-gehi or -gebhi
Genitive (sixth)-gassa-gānaṃ
Locative (seventh)-gasmiṃ or -gamhi or -ge-gesu
Vocative (calling)-ga-gā
Declension table of "-ga" (neuter)
Case \ NumberSingularPlural
Nominative (first)-gaṃ-gāni
Accusative (second)-gaṃ-gāni
Instrumental (third)-gena-gehi or -gebhi
Dative (fourth)-gassa or -gāya or -gatthaṃ-gānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)-gasmā or -gamhā or -gā-gehi or -gebhi
Genitive (sixth)-gassa-gānaṃ
Locative (seventh)-gasmiṃ or -gamhi or -ge-gesu
Vocative (calling)-ga-gāni

Derived terms

Words using this suffix are listed in their own category. Note that normally only the Latin script forms are listed, as etymology sections are normally restricted to the Latin script form.

Pali terms suffixed with -ga

Samoan

Suffix

-ga

  1. Used to make a verb into a noun with a related meaning.

Somali

Suffix

-ga

  1. the

Tokelauan

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *-ŋa. Cognates include Hawaiian -na and Samoan -ga.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [-.ŋa]

Suffix

-ga

  1. Used to form nouns denoting the action of the suffixed verb; -ion, -ing
    ‎iloilo (“to examine”) + ‎-ga → ‎iloiloga (“examination”)
  2. Used to form nouns denoting the event of the suffixed verb; -ion, -ing
    ‎tipi (“to cut”) + ‎-ga → ‎tīpiga (“surgery”)
  3. Used to form nouns denoting the object of the suffixed verb.
    ‎kave (“to carry”) + ‎-ga → ‎kāvega (“load”)

Usage notes
  • To make a distinction between the different senses of the suffix, the first vowel of the produced noun may be elongated:
    ‎tipi (“to cut”) + ‎-ga → ‎tipiga (“act of cutting”)
    ‎tipi (“to cut”) + ‎-ga → ‎tīpiga (“surgery”)

Derived terms
Tokelauan terms suffixed with -ga

References
  • R. Simona, editor (1986), Tokelau Dictionary‎, Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 133

Uzbek

Alternative forms

Suffix

-ga

  1. to (dative case)
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