絲

See also: 丝, 糸, and 𢇁
絲 U+7D72, 絲
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7D72
← 統
[U+7D71] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 絳 →
[U+7D73]

Translingual
Traditional 絲
Simplified 丝
Japanese 糸
Korean 絲

Han character

絲 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 女火女戈火 (VFVIF), four-corner 22993, composition ⿰糹糸)

Derived characters

See also
  • Chinese Numeral 絲

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 924, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27448
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1359, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3401, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7D72

Chinese
trad. 絲
simp. 丝
alternative forms 𢇁
𢇃
糸

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 絲
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (絲) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
絲 *slɯ
蕬 *slɯ
鷥 *slɯ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 糸 + 糸.

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 絲
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 息兹切
Baxter si
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /sɨ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /sɨ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /sie/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /sɨ/
Li
Rong		 /siə/
Wang
Li		 /sĭə/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /si/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 sī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 si1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 絲
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 sī
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ si ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[s]ə/
English silk

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 絲
Reading # 1/1
No. 12003
Phonetic
component		 絲
Rime
group		 之
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 思
Old
Chinese		 /*slɯ/

Definitions

絲

  1. silk
  2. items made from woven silk
  3. silk-like object; fine thread; thin strip; thin shred
  4. (music) string instrument
    絲竹／丝竹  ―  sīzhú  ―  string and wind instruments; music
  5. Classifier for extremely small quantities.
    一絲希望／一丝希望  ―  yī sī xīwàng  ―  a glimmer of hope
    一絲風都沒有／一丝风都没有  ―  yī sī fēng dōu méiyǒu  ―  There is not even a breath of wind.
  6. (Buddhism, obsolete) the number 10–4

Compounds

Descendants
  • → Ancient Greek: Σήρ (Sḗr, “Chinese; silkworm”)
    • → Latin: Sēres
      • English: Seres
      • Portuguese: Seres
      • Spanish: Seres
    (see sēricus for descendants of this)
  • → Aramaic:
    • Classical Syriac: ܫܺܐܪܳܐ (šērā), ܫܺܐܪܳܝܳܐ (šērāyā), ܫܻܝܪܳܝܳܐ (šērāyā, “silk; silk garment”)
    • Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: שִׁירָאָה (šērāʾā), שִּׁירָא (šērā, “silk; silk garment”)
    • Mandaic: ࡔࡉ࡚ࡓࡀࡉࡀ (/⁠šērāyā⁠/)
    • → Arabic: سِيرَاء (sīrāʔ, “a kind of silk garment”)
    • → Ge'ez: ሢራይ, ሥራይ, ሤራይ (śiray, śəray, śeray, “silk; silk garment”)
  • →? Old Korean: 糸利 (*SIli, “thread”)
    • Middle Korean: 실〯 (sǐl, “id.”)
      • Korean: 실 (sil, “id.”)
  • → Vietnamese: tơ

References

Japanese

Shinjitai

 糸

Kyūjitai

 絲

Kanji
絲

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 糸)

  1. Kyūjitai form of 糸: thread

Readings
  • Go-on: し (shi)
  • Kan-on: し (shi)
  • Kun: いと (ito, 絲)

Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
絲
いと
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 絲 – see the following entry.
【糸】1
[kanji] Grade 1 kanji
Kanji reading:
し, いと
(This term, 絲, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Proper noun

絲(いと) • (Ito) 

  1. a female given name
  2. a surname

Korean

Hanja

絲 • (sa) (hangeul 사)

  1. (명주): silk
  2. (실): thread

See also

Old Japanese

Etymology

From Proto-Japonic *ito.

Noun

絲 (ito1 or ito2)

  1. thread
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 4, poem 516:
      吾以在三相二搓流絲用而附手益物今曽悔寸
      WA GA MOTERU MI1TU API1 ni YO2RERU ITO MOTITE TUKE2temasi MONO2 IMA so2 KUYASIki1
      I am holding [it]! Three things spinning each other! If I put on that threads that, I'm holding right now, then I'll be regretting it!

Reconstruction notes

This word is only attested phonographically in two sources: a sakimori uta (Eastern Old Japanese) poem in the Man'yōshū as 伊刀, and in the Kakyō Hyōshiki as 伊止.[1]

The Records of the Three Kingdoms record a placename ito1 (伊都), and the Nihon Shoki also records ito1 (伊覩), which has been connected to Modern Japanese 糸島 (Itoshima) in Fukuoka Prefecture, and Bentley (2008, 15) connects this placename to this word.

Derived terms
  • 絲鹿乃山 (Itoka-no2-YAMA)

Descendants
  • Japanese: 糸 (ito)

References
  1. Omodaka, Hisataka (1967) 時代別国語大辞典 上代編 [The dictionary of historical Japanese: Old Japanese] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN, page 85

Vietnamese

Chữ Hán

絲: Hán Nôm readings: tơ, tưa, ty, ti

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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