窮屈

Chinese

		exhausted; poor	bent; feel wronged
trad. (窮屈)		窮	屈
simp. (穷屈)		穷	屈

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qióngqū

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄥˊ ㄑㄩ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qióngqū
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄥˊ ㄑㄩ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cyóngcyu
  - Wade–Giles: chʻiung²-chʻü¹
  - Yale: chyúng-chyū
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyongchiu
  - Palladius: цюнцюй (cjuncjuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

Adjective

窮屈

(literary) impoverished; poverty-stricken
- 邂逅之交，情逾故舊，矜我窮屈，吁嘆再三。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  邂逅之交，情逾故旧，矜我穷屈，吁叹再三。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: 劉大櫆 (Liu Dakui), 《與吳閣學書》
  Xièhòu zhī jiāo, qíng yú gùjiù, jīn wǒ qióngqū, xū tàn zàisān. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Verb

窮屈

(literary) to exhaust; to use up
- 是故聖王之德，融乎若日之始出，極燭六合，而無所窮屈。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  是故圣王之德，融乎若日之始出，极烛六合，而无所穷屈。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: 《呂氏春秋·勿躬》
  Shìgù shèng wáng zhī dé, róng hū ruò rì zhī shǐ chū, jí zhú liùhé, ér wú suǒ qióngqū. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
(literary) to submit; to yield; to capitulate; to obey
- 上所賜奴婢，卒不肯窮屈，奏請納之，悉自市寒賤可制指者。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  上所赐奴婢，卒不肯穷屈，奏请纳之，悉自市寒贱可制指者。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: 《資治通鑑·唐憲宗元和九年》
  Shàng suǒ cì núbì, zú bùkěn qióngqū, zòuqǐng nà zhī, xī zì shì hán jiàn kě zhì zhǐ zhě. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
窮	屈
きゅう Grade: S	くつ Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) きゅうくつ [kyúꜜùkùtsù] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2][3]
IPA^(key): [kʲɨᵝːkɯ̟ᵝt͡sɨᵝ]

Adjective

窮(きゅう)屈(くつ) • (kyūkutsu) -na (adnominal 窮(きゅう)屈(くつ)な (kyūkutsu na), adverbial 窮(きゅう)屈(くつ)に (kyūkutsu ni))

tight, cramped, tight-fitting, rigid, uncomfortable, uneasy
窮屈な下着
a tight underwear
narrow
窮屈な部屋
a narrow room
illiberal, oppressive, uncomfortable
窮屈な家庭
an illiberal family

Inflection

Inflection of 窮屈

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	窮屈だろ	きゅうくつだろ	kyūkutsu daro
Continuative (連用形)	窮屈で	きゅうくつで	kyūkutsu de
Terminal (終止形)	窮屈だ	きゅうくつだ	kyūkutsu da
Attributive (連体形)	窮屈な	きゅうくつな	kyūkutsu na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	窮屈なら	きゅうくつなら	kyūkutsu nara
Imperative (命令形)	窮屈であれ	きゅうくつであれ	kyūkutsu de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	窮屈ではない窮屈じゃない	きゅうくつではないきゅうくつじゃない	kyūkutsu de wa nai kyūkutsu ja nai
Informal past	窮屈だった	きゅうくつだった	kyūkutsu datta
Informal negative past	窮屈ではなかった窮屈じゃなかった	きゅうくつではなかったきゅうくつじゃなかった	kyūkutsu de wa nakatta kyūkutsu ja nakatta
Formal	窮屈です	きゅうくつです	kyūkutsu desu
Formal negative	窮屈ではありません窮屈じゃありません	きゅうくつではありませんきゅうくつじゃありません	kyūkutsu de wa arimasen kyūkutsu ja arimasen
Formal past	窮屈でした	きゅうくつでした	kyūkutsu deshita
Formal negative past	窮屈ではありませんでした窮屈じゃありませんでした	きゅうくつではありませんでしたきゅうくつじゃありませんでした	kyūkutsu de wa arimasen deshita kyūkutsu ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	窮屈で	きゅうくつで	kyūkutsu de
Conditional	窮屈なら（ば）	きゅうくつなら（ば）	kyūkutsu nara (ba)
Provisional	窮屈だったら	きゅうくつだったら	kyūkutsu dattara
Volitional	窮屈だろう	きゅうくつだろう	kyūkutsu darō
Adverbial	窮屈に	きゅうくつに	kyūkutsu ni
Degree	窮屈さ	きゅうくつさ	kyūkutsusa

Synonyms

(tight): きつい
(narrow): 狭隘, 狭小, 狭い
(illiberal): 抑圧的, 息苦しい

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “tight”): 緩慢
(antonym(s) of “narrow”): 広大
(antonym(s) of “illiberal”): 自由, 寛大, 解放的, 大らか

Noun

窮(きゅう)屈(くつ) • (kyūkutsu)

References

Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

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[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[SMK5-2] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-3] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN