悉

悉	U+6089, 悉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6089

← 悈
[U+6088]

CJK Unified Ideographs

悊 →
[U+608A]

Translingual

Han character

悉 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹木心 (HDP), four-corner 2033₉, composition ⿱釆心)

Derived characters

僁㗭㣰𢴑㴽𤎕䊝𦄵蟋𨄠鏭𠞹窸

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 386, character 32

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10635

Dae Jaweon: page 719, character 5

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2301, character 7

Unihan data for U+6089

Chinese

trad.		悉
simp. ^#		悉
alternative forms		怸𢚊𢝕

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 悉
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Qin slip script	Ancient script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (悉) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
僁	siːd, sid
悉	*sid
蟋	sid, srid
窸	*sid

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sjej-s (“to know; to understand”) (STEDT). Compare with Tibetan ཤེས་པ (shes pa, “to understand; to know”), Burmese သိ (si., “to know”), Mizo thei (“can; to be able”), Chepang चीःसा (ciʔ‑, “to know; to understand”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xī (xi¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sik¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sit

(Meixian, Guangdong): xid⁵
Northern Min (KCR): sĭ
Eastern Min (BUC): sék
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sit / siak / sek

(Teochew, Peng'im): sêg⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xī
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: si
  - Wade–Giles: hsi¹
  - Yale: syī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
  - Palladius: си (si)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: sik¹
  - Yale: sīk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sik⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: xig¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɪk̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sit
  - Hakka Romanization System: xid`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xid⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /sit̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xid⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /sit̚¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sĭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /si²⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sék
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛiʔ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sit
  - Tâi-lô: sit
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sid
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sit̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sit̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siak
  - Tâi-lô: siak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek
  - Tâi-lô: sik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seg
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /siɪk̚³²/

Note:

sit - literary;
siak/sek - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: sêg⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sek
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sek̚²/

Middle Chinese: sit

Rime
Character	悉
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	質 (48)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	息七切
Baxter	sit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siɪt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/sit̚/
Shao Rongfen	/sjet̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sit̚/
Li Rong	/siĕt̚/
Wang Li	/sĭĕt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯ĕt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sat¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]i[t]/

(Zhengzhang): /*sid/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	悉
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xī
Middle Chinese	‹ sit ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]i[t]/
English	completely
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	悉
Reading #	1/1
No.	13339
Phonetic component	悉
Rime group	質
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	悉
Old Chinese	/*sid/

Definitions

悉

to know; to learn; to be informed of
得悉 ― déxī ― to know

熟悉 ― shúxī ― to know clearly
to use up; to exhaust
all; fully; entirely
- 王命眾，悉至于庭。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  王命众，悉至于庭。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Documents, circa 4^th – 3^rd century BCE
  Wáng mìng zhòng, xī zhìyú tíng. [Pinyin]
  The king commanded all to come to him in the courtyard (of his palace).
- 趙王悉召群臣議。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  赵王悉召群臣议。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
  Zhào wáng xī zhào qúnchén yì. [Pinyin]
  The King of Zhao summoned all ministers to discuss the matter.
- 餘小臣不得上，乃悉持龍髯。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  余小臣不得上，乃悉持龙髯。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Wang Chong, Lun Heng (Discussive Weighing), 80 CE
  Yú xiǎochén bùdé shàng, nǎi xī chí lóng rán. [Pinyin]
  The remaining smaller officials, who could not find a seat on the dragon, all got hold of the dragon's beard.
detailed

Compounds

備悉／备悉
功力悉敵／功力悉敌
奉悉
威悉河
工力悉敵／工力悉敌
得悉 (déxī)
悉力 (xīlì)
悉尼 (Xīní)
悉平
悉心 (xīxīn)
悉心戮力
悉心畢力／悉心毕力
悉心竭力
悉悉
悉數／悉数
悉曇／悉昙 (xītán)
悉率
悉知
悉窣
悉索敝賦／悉索敝赋
悉索薄賦／悉索薄赋
悉達多／悉达多 (Xīdáduō)
探悉
據悉／据悉 (jùxī)
敬悉
洞悉 (dòngxī)
洞悉明白
洞悉真相
熟悉 (shúxī)
獲悉／获悉 (huòxī)
知悉 (zhīxī)
纖悉／纤悉
纖悉無遺／纤悉无遗
耶悉茗
詞不悉心／词不悉心
詳悉／详悉
銖兩悉稱／铢两悉称
體悉／体悉

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (悉):

→ Vietnamese: tất (悉)

Japanese

Kanji

悉

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

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Readings

On (unclassified): しつ (shitsu)
Kun: つくす (tsukusu, 悉す); ことごとく (kotogotoku, 悉く)

Korean

Hanja

悉 • (sil) (hangeul 실, revised sil, McCune–Reischauer sil, Yale sil)

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Vietnamese

Han character

悉: Hán Nôm readings: tạt, dứt, tất, tắt

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