Sundanese language

Sundanese (/sʌndəˈniːz/[2]) is a Malayo-Polynesian language. It is spoken by the Sundanese people.

Sundanese
basa Sunda
ᮘᮞ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ
بَاسَا سُوْندَا
Pronunciation/ba.sa sʊn.da/
Native toJava, Indonesia
RegionWest Java, Banten, Jakarta, parts of western Central Java, southern Lampung, also spoken by the Sundanese diaspora in Indonesia and throughout the world.
Ethnicity
  • Sundanese
  • • Badui
  • • Bantenese
  • • Cirebonese
  • • Priangan
Native speakers
42 million (2016)[1]
Austronesian
  • Malayo-Polynesian
    • disputed:
      Malayo-Sumbawan or Greater North Borneo
      • Sundanese-Baduy
        • Sundanese
Early form
Old Sundanese
Standard forms
Priangan Sundanese
Dialects
  • Baduy (considered a separate language)
  • Banten
  • Banyumas (extinct)
  • Bogor
  • Brebes
  • Ciamis
  • Northeast
    • Cirebon
    • Indramayu
    • Majalengka
  • Priangan
Latin script (present)
Sundanese script (present; optional)
Old Sundanese script (14-18th centuries AD, present; optional)
Sundanese Cacarakan script (17-19th centuries AD, present; certain areas)
Sundanese Pégon script (17-20th centuries AD, present; religious use only)
Buda Script (13-15th centuries AD, present; optional)
Kawi script (historical)
Pallava (historical)
Pranagari (historical)
Vatteluttu (historical)
Official status
Regulated byLembaga Basa Jeung Sastra Sunda
Language codes
ISO 639-1su
ISO 639-2sun
ISO 639-3Variously:
sun – Sundanese
bac – Baduy Sundanese
osn – Old Sundanese
Glottologsund1251
Linguasphere31-MFN-a
  Areas where Sundanese is a majority native language
  Areas where Sundanese is a minority language with >100,000 speakers
  Areas where Sundanese is a minority language with <100,000 speakers

Writing

Sundanese is written with the Latin script, Sundanese script, or Pegon script. The Sundanese script is based on the Old Sundanese script. It was introduced in 1997.[3] Pegon is based on the Arabic alphabet.[4]

Phonology

Vowels

Sundanese has seven vowels.[5]

Front Central Back
Close i ɨ u
Mid ɛ ə ɔ
Open a

Consonants

Sundanese has eighteen consonants. There are also consonants such as /f/ and /q/ that are only used in loanwords.[5]

Bilabial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Plosive/
Affricate		 voiceless p t tʃ k
voiced b d dʒ ɡ
Fricative s h
Lateral l
Trill r
Approximant w j

References
  1. Muamar, Aam (2016-08-08). "Mempertahankan Eksistensi Bahasa Sunda" [Maintaining the existence of Sundanese Language]. Pikiran Rakyat (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 22 June 2019. Retrieved 2018-09-27.
  2. Bauer, Laurie (2007). The Linguistics Student's Handbook. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  3. "Atlas of Endangered Alphabets: Indigenous and minority writing systems, and the people who are trying to save them". Retrieved 16 August 2022.
  4. Qurtuby, Sumanto Al (4 August 2022). "Language, Islam, and Muslim societies: Perspectives from the Asia-Pacific". Journal of Asian Pacific Communication. 32 (2): 276–287. doi:10.1075/japc.00080.qur. S2CID 248286525.
  5. Müller-Gotama, Franz (2001). Sundanese. Languages of the World. Materials. Vol. 369. Munich: LINCOM Europa.
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