Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vermę

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wer(t)men/*wer(t)min, from Proto-Indo-European *wértmn̥ (“revolution”), a -men-stem derivative of *wert- (“to turn”). Cognate with Sanskrit वर्त्मन् (vártman, “track, course”). Probably[1] originally meant “period (of time)”, undergoing a similar sematic shift as French temps (“time”) from Latin tempus (“period”).

Noun

*vermę̀ n[2][3][1]

(probably) period, hour
Synonym: *časъ
time
Synonyms: *pora, *počasьje

Declension

Declension of *vermę (n-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*vermę	*vȇrmeni	*vermenà
genitive	*vȇrmene	*vermenù	*vermènъ
dative	*vȇrmeni	*vermenьmà	*vermènьmъ
accusative	*vermę	*vȇrmeni	*vermenà
instrumental	*vȇrmenьmь	*vermenьmà	*vermený
locative	*vȇrmene	*vermenù	*vermènьxъ
vocative	*vermę	*vȇrmeni	*vermenà

Derived terms

*bezvermьje (“timelessness”)
*vermenьnъ (“temporary”)
*vermevъ (“temporal”)
*vermena dьne (“times of day”)
*vermena goda (“seasons”)

Related terms

*verteno (“spindle”)
*vorta (“door, gate”)
*vortiti (“to turn, to return”)
*vьrsta, *vьrstva (“row, line, age, kind”)
*vьrtěti (“to turn”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: веремѧ (veremę)
  - Old Ruthenian: веремѧ (veremja)
    - Belarusian: ве́реме (vjérjemje) (obsolete)
    - Ukrainian: ве́ре́м'я (vérémʺja) (dialectal)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Glagolitic script: ⰲⱃⱑⰿⱔ (vrěmę)
  
  Old Cyrillic script: врѣмѧ (vrěmę)
  - Bulgarian: вре́ме (vréme), вря́ме (vrjáme) (dialectal)
  - Macedonian: време (vreme)
  - → Old East Slavic: врѣмѧ (vrěmę)
    - Old Ruthenian: врѣмѧ (vrěmja), врѣмнѧ (vrěmnja)
      - Belarusian: вре́ме (vrjémje), урэ́мя (urémja) (obsolete)
      - Ukrainian: вре́м'я (vrémʺja), уре́м'я (urémʺja), уре́мня (urémnja), ве́ремє (véremje) (obsolete)
    - Russian: вре́мя (vrémja)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: вре́ме, врије́ме, ври́ме
  
  Latin script: vréme, vrijéme, vríme
- Slovene: vréme
West Slavic:
- Old Polish: wrzemię

Non-Slavic:
- → Romanian: vreme

References

Snoj, Marko (2016) “vreme”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *vermę̋, rod. *vȇrmene”
Derksen, Rick (2008) “*vermę”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 516
Olander, Thomas (2001) “vermę vermene”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 199; PR 138; MP 20, 25)”

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[Snoj-1] Snoj, Marko (2016) “vreme”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *vermę̋, rod. *vȇrmene”

[2] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*vermę”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 516

[3] Olander, Thomas (2001) “vermę vermene”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 199; PR 138; MP 20, 25)”