切

切 U+5207, 切
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5207
← 分
[U+5206] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 刈 →
[U+5208]
切 U+FA00, 切
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA00
← 刺
[U+F9FF] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 度 →
[U+FA01]

切 U+2F850, 切
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F850
← 噴
[U+2F84F] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 壮 →
[U+2F851]

Translingual
Stroke order
4 strokes

Alternative forms

Note that in Chinese scripts (simplified/traditional), the left component is written ㇐ followed by ㇙ (with an upward hook). In Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese scripts the left component ends with ㇟ as in 七, which is also the historical form found in the Kangxi Dictionary.

Han character

切 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 心尸竹 (PSH), four-corner 47720, composition ⿰七刀)

Derived characters
  • 沏 𠯦 𢗠 𢗧 𢪃 𭎄 𮤺
  • 𣐆 𤆻 䀙 砌 𬍔 𰹹
  • 苆 袃 𥾛 𦕀 𫊧 𮅀
  • 䟙 𨥓 𨥔 𩚦 𰎊
  • 𢘰 𥿚 𫾌 (derived from the alternate compatibility variant 切)
  • 彻 (Simplified form of 徹)
  • 窃 (Japanese Shinjitai and Simplified form of 竊)

References

Further reading

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 切
alternative forms 𪥂
𭃄

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 切
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming) Libian (compiled in Qing)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts Clerical script
Small seal script

s03163

Transcribed ancient scripts

L27064

L27065

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (七) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
切 *sn̥ʰiːds, *sn̥ʰiːd
砌 *sʰiːds
沏 *sʰiːd
七 *sn̥ʰid
柒 *sn̥ʰid
叱 *n̥ʰjid

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sn̥ʰiːds, *sn̥ʰiːd) : phonetic 七 (OC *sn̥ʰid) + semantic 刀 (“knife”).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • ciag4 - Shantou;
  • ciêg4 - Chaozhou.
    • Wu
      • (Shanghai, Hangzhou)
        • Wugniu: 7chiq
        • MiniDict: chih入
        • MiniDict: chieh入
        • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 4qiq
        • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁵⁵/
        • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵⁵/
      • (Suzhou)
        • Wugniu: 7tshiq
        • MiniDict: tshih入
        • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡sʰiɪʔ⁴³/
Rime
Character 切
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 清 (14)
Final (韻) 屑 (87)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 千結切
Baxter tshet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡sʰet̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡sʰet̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡sʰɛt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /t͡sʰɛt̚/
Li
Rong		 /t͡sʰet̚/
Wang
Li		 /t͡sʰiet̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡sʰiet̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qie
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 cit3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 切
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 qiè
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tshet ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[tsʰ]ˁi[t]/
English cut; urgent

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 切
Reading # 2/2
No. 9908
Phonetic
component		 七
Rime
group		 質
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese		 /*sn̥ʰiːd/

Definitions

切

  1. to cut; to slice; to carve; to mince with a knife
  2. to cut off; to disconnect
  3. (mathematics) tangent
    正切  ―  zhèngqiē  ―  tangent
    餘切／余切  ―  yúqiē  ―  cotangent
  4. to switch
    Synonym: 切換／切换 (qiēhuàn)
    輸入法切來切去很麻煩。 [MSC, trad.]
    输入法切来切去很麻烦。 [MSC, simp.]
    Shūrùfǎ qiē-lái qiē-qù hěn máfán. [Pinyin]
    Switching back and forth between IMEs all the time is so annoying.
Compounds

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Note:
  • chhoeh/chheh - vernacular;
  • chhiat - literary.
    Note:
    • ciag4 - Shantou;
    • ciêg4 - Chaozhou.
      • Wu
        • (Shanghai, Hangzhou)
          • Wugniu: 7chiq
          • MiniDict: chih入
          • MiniDict: chieh入
          • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 4qiq
          • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁵⁵/
          • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵⁵/
        • (Suzhou)
          • Wugniu: 7tshiq
          • MiniDict: tshih入
          • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡sʰiɪʔ⁴³/
Rime
Character 切
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 清 (14)
Final (韻) 屑 (87)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 千結切
Baxter tshet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡sʰet̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡sʰet̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡sʰɛt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /t͡sʰɛt̚/
Li
Rong		 /t͡sʰet̚/
Wang
Li		 /t͡sʰiet̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡sʰiet̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qie
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 cit3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 切
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 qiè
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tshet ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[tsʰ]ˁi[t]/
English cut; urgent

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 切
Reading # 2/2
No. 9908
Phonetic
component		 七
Rime
group		 質
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese		 /*sn̥ʰiːd/

Definitions

切

  1. to be close to
  2. to bite tightly; to clench
  3. to correspond to; to match
  4. (traditional Chinese medicine) to feel the pulse
  5. eager; ardent
  6. urgent; pressing
  7. must; by all means
  8. main point
  9. (phonetics) Short for 反切 (fǎnqiè, “fanqie”).
Compounds

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 切
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 清 (14)
Final (韻) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 七計切
Baxter tshejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡sʰeiH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡sʰeiH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡sʰɛiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /t͡sʰɛjH/
Li
Rong		 /t͡sʰeiH/
Wang
Li		 /t͡sʰieiH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡sʰieiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 cai3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 切
Reading # 1/2
No. 9906
Phonetic
component		 七
Rime
group		 至
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 砌
Old
Chinese		 /*sn̥ʰiːds/

Definitions

切

  1. Used in 一切 (yīqiè, “all; every; everything; anything”).
Compounds

Etymology 4

Onomatopoeic.

Pronunciation

Definitions

切

  1. (Mandarin, chiefly women's speech, colloquial) An interjection conveying a slight sense of disdain or dissatisfaction.
See also

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

Definitions

切

  1. (Cantonese) to be in time for; in time
    嚟得切 [Cantonese]  ―  lai4 dak1 cit3 [Jyutping]  ―  to (be able to) make it

References

Japanese

Kanji

切

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. cut

Readings

Compounds

Compounds

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 切 (MC tshet).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448쳐ᇙ〮 (Yale: chyélq)
Middle Korean
TextEumhun
Gloss (hun)Reading
Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576졀ᄒᆞᆯ (Yale: cyel-hol)졀 (Yale: cyel)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource 切 (eumhun 끊을 절 (kkeuneul jeol))

  1. Hanja form? of 절 (“to cut”). [affix]
Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 切 (MC tshejH).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448촁〮 (Yale: chyéy)

Pronunciation

Hanja

切 (eumhun 온통 체 (ontong che))

  1. Hanja form? of 체 (“Only used in 일체(一切) (ilche, “all, everything”): whole”).
Compounds
Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

切: Hán Nôm readings: thiết, siết, thiếc, thướt, xắt, thế

  1. to slice
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.