不可

Chinese
not; no
 
can; may; able to
can; may; able to; certain(ly); to suit; (particle used for emphasis)
simp. and trad.
(不可)		 不 可
anagram 可不

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 不 不 不 可
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1) 幫 (1) 幫 (1) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 尤 (136) 尤 (136) 物 (60) 歌 (94)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X) Checked (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open Closed Open
Division (等) III III III I
Fanqie 甫鳩切 方久切 分勿切 枯我切
Baxter pjuw pjuwX pjut khaX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pɨu/ /pɨuX/ /pɨut̚/ /kʰɑX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /piu/ /piuX/ /piut̚/ /kʰɑX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /piəu/ /piəuX/ /piuət̚/ /kʰɑX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /puw/ /puwX/ /put̚/ /kʰaX/
Li
Rong		 /piu/ /piuX/ /piuət̚/ /kʰɑX/
Wang
Li		 /pĭəu/ /pĭəuX/ /pĭuət̚/ /kʰɑX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pi̯ə̯u/ /pi̯ə̯uX/ /pi̯uət̚/ /kʰɑX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fōu fǒu fu kě
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 fau1 fau2 fat1 ho2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 不 可
Reading # 1/2 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 bù kě
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ pjuw › ‹ khaX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*pə/ /*[k]ʰˁa[j]ʔ/
English not may; acceptable

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 不 不 不 可
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3 1/1
No. 1025 1029 1048 7446
Phonetic
component		 不 不 不 可
Rime
group		 之 之 物 歌
Rime
subdivision		 0 0 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 不 缶 弗 可
Old
Chinese		 /*pɯ/ /*pɯʔ/ /*pɯ'/ /*kʰaːlʔ/
Notes 象花柎與本同源 中古才促化

Verb

不可

  1. (auxiliary) cannot
    不可替代  ―  bùkě tìdài  ―  to be irreplaceable
    有權不可任性。／有权不可任性。  ―  Yǒuquán bùkě rènxìng.  ―  Those who have power cannot be wilful. (Power is not to be used arbitrarily.)
  2. should not; must not
    你非去不可。  ―  Nǐ fēi qù bùkě.  ―  You must go.

Usage notes

In the sense should not, 不可 (bùkě) is usually preceded by 非 (fēi) in the structure 非……不可 (fēi...bùkě), meaning must.

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (不可):
  • → Japanese: 不可(ふか) (fuka)
  • → Korean: 불가(不可) (bulga)
  • → Vietnamese: bất khả (不可)

See also

Japanese
Kanji in this term
不 可
ふ
Grade: 4		 か
Grade: 5
on’yomi

Etymology

The prefix 不(ふ) (fu-) + 可(か) (ka).

Noun

不(ふ)可(か) • (fuka) 

  1. being bad or unacceptable
  2. a failing grade on a test

Antonyms

References
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
  • Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN

Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term
不可

Verb

不可

  1. chữ Hán form of bất khả.

Adjective

不可

  1. chữ Hán form of bất khả.
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