topiti

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *topiti.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /tǒpiti/
  • Hyphenation: to‧pi‧ti

Verb

tòpiti impf (Cyrillic spelling то̀пити)

  1. (transitive) to melt
  2. (reflexive) to melt down

Conjugation
Conjugation of topiti
Infinitive: topiti Present verbal adverb: tòpēći Past verbal adverb: — Verbal noun: tòpljēnje
Number Singular Plural
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Verbal forms ja ti on / ona / ono mi vi oni / one / ona
Present topim topiš topi topimo topite tope
Future Future I topit ću1
topiću		 topit ćeš1
topićeš		 topit će1
topiće		 topit ćemo1
topićemo		 topit ćete1
topićete		 topit će1
topiće
Future II bȕdēm topio2 bȕdēš topio2 bȕdē topio2 bȕdēmo topili2 bȕdēte topili2 bȕdū topili2
Past Perfect topio sam2 topio si2 topio je2 topili smo2 topili ste2 topili su2
Pluperfect3 bȉo sam topio2 bȉo si topio2 bȉo je topio2 bíli smo topili2 bíli ste topili2 bíli su topili2
Imperfect topljah topljaše topljaše topljasmo topljaste topljahu
Conditional I topio bih2 topio bi2 topio bi2 topili bismo2 topili biste2 topili bi2
Conditional II4 bȉo bih topio2 bȉo bi topio2 bȉo bi topio2 bíli bismo topili2 bíli biste topili2 bíli bi topili2
Imperative — topi — topimo topite —
Active past participle topio m / topila f / topilo n topili m / topile f / topila n
Passive past participle topljen m / topljena f / topljeno n topljeni m / topljene f / topljena n
1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.

4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.
  *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

Descendants
  • → Albanian: topit

Further reading
  • “topiti” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *topiti.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /tɔpìːti/, /tɔpíːti/

Verb

topīti impf

  1. to melt

Inflection
-iti -im (AP c)
infinitive topīti
1st singular topím
infinitive topīti topȋt, topȉt
supine topȋt
verbal noun topljénje
participle converb
present topȅč —
past topljȅn —
l-participle masculine feminine neuter
singular topȋł topíla topȋlo
dual topȋla topȋli topȋli
plural topȋli topȋle topȋla
present imperative
1st singular topím —
2nd singular topíš tópi
3rd singular topí —
1st dual topíva topȋva
2nd dual topíta topȋta
3rd dual topíta —
1st plural topímo topȋmo
2nd plural topíte topȋte
3rd plural topíjo —

Derived terms

Further reading
  • “topiti”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
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