< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/otьcь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Most probably an early agent noun from native *otъ (“father”) +‎ *-ьcь.

Noun

*otь̀cь m[1][2][3]

  1. father, patriarch

Usage notes

Following the Christianization of Early Slavs, in many languages the reflexes of *otьcь became calques of Byzantine Greek παπᾶς (papâs, “spiritual father”), Latin pāpa (“id.”) (whence Proto-Slavic *popъ (“priest”)) and are used as an appellation to ecclesiastical figures (priests, clerics, bishops, etc.).

Alternative forms

Declension
Declension of *otь̀cь (soft o-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *otь̀cь *otьcà *otьcì
genitive *otьcà *otьcù *otь̀cь
dative *otьcù *otьcèma *otь̀cemъ
accusative *otь̀cь *otьcà *otьcę̇̀
instrumental *otьcь̀mь, *otьcèmь* *otьcèma *otь̀ci
locative *otьcì *otьcù *otь̀cixъ
vocative *otьče *otьcà *otьcì
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.

Derived terms
  • *otьčę (diminutive, reanalyzed under the influence of the voc. *otьče)
  • *otьčimъ (“fatherly figure”)
  • *otьčьstvo (“fatherland”)
  • *otьčь, *otьcevъ (“paternal”)
  • *otьčьnъ (“fatherly”)
  • *otьčьskъ (“patriotic”)

See also
Proto-Slavic family terms
*sěmьja, *rodina (“family”) Male Female
parent *otъ, *otьcь (“father”)
nursery: *tata		 *mati (“mother”)
nursery: *mama
sibling *bratrъ (“brother”) *sestra (“sister”)
child *synъ (“son”) *dъťi (“daughter”)
grandparent – (“grandfather”)
nursery: *dědъ; *nana		 *ova (“grandmother”)
nursery: *baba; *nena
grandchild *vъnukъ (“grandson”) *vъnuka (“granddaughter”)
stepparent *otьčimъ (“stepfather”) *maťexa (“stepmother”)
stepchild *pastorъkъ (“stepson”) *pastorъka (“stepdaughter”)
father's sibling *strъjь (“paternal uncle”)
nursery: *dada; *lola		 – (“paternal aunt”)
nursery: *teta; *lelja
mother's sibling *ujь (“maternal uncle”)
nursery: *dada; *lola		 – (“maternal aunt”)
nursery: *teta; *lelja
sibling's child *netьjь (“nephew”) *nestera (“niece”)
spouse *mǫžь (“husband”) *žena (“wife”)
parent of wife *tьstь (“father-in-law (wife's father)”) *tьšča (“mother-in-law (wife's mother)”)
parent of husband *svekrъ (“father-in-law (husband's father)”) *svekry (“mother-in-law (husband's father)”)
sibling of wife *šurь (“brother-in-law (wife's brother)”) *svěstь, *svьstь (“sister-in-law (wife's sister)”)
sibling of husband *děverь (“brother-in-law (husband's brother)”) *zъly (“sister-in-law (husband's sister)”)
spouse of child *zętь (“son-in-law (daughter's husband)”) *snъxa (“daughter-in-law (son's wife)”)
spouse of husband's brother – *ętry (“sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: отьць (otĭcĭ), отець (otecĭ), отецъ (otecŭ)
      • Belarusian: аце́ц (acjéc)
      • Russian: оте́ц (otéc)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: оте́ць (otécʹ)
      • Ukrainian: оте́ць (otécʹ), (dialectal) оти́ць (otýcʹ), воти́ц (votýc), вуте́ц (vutéc), віте́ц (vitéc)
    • Old Novgorodian: *отьке (*otĭke)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
  • Non-Slavic:

Further reading
  • Zhuravlyov, A. F., editor (2014), “*otьcь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 39 (*otъtęti – *ozgǫba), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 168
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “отец”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “отец”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 610
  • Šanskij, N. M. (2004) “отец”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “отец”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 960

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*otьcь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 383
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “otьcь otьca”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 171); a? (PR 132)”
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016) “otec”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *otьcь̏”
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