映

映	U+6620, 映 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6620

← 星
[U+661F]

CJK Unified Ideographs

昡 →
[U+6621]

Translingual

Han character

映 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 日中月大 (ALBK), four-corner 6403₄, composition ⿰日央)

Derived characters

𦴤

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 493, character 1

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13838

Dae Jaweon: page 856, character 1

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1500, character 6

Unihan data for U+6620

Chinese

trad.		映
simp. ^#		映
alternative forms		暎／映

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (央) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
鴦	qaːŋ, qaŋ
佒	*qaːŋ
咉	qaːŋ, qaːŋʔ
眏	*qaːŋ
姎	qaːŋ, qaːŋʔ
坱	*qaːŋʔ
映	qaːŋʔ, qraŋs
泱	qaːŋʔ, qaŋ
盎	qaːŋʔ, qaːŋs
駚	qaːŋʔ, qaŋʔ
軮	*qaːŋʔ
醠	qaːŋʔ, qaːŋs
央	*qaŋ
秧	qaŋ, qaŋʔ
殃	*qaŋ
鞅	qaŋ, qaŋʔ, *qaŋs
鉠	qaŋ, qraŋ
雵	*qaŋ
胦	qaŋ, qroːŋ
柍	*qaŋʔ
詇	qaŋʔ, qaŋs, *qraŋs
岟	*qaŋʔ
炴	*qaŋʔ
怏	qaŋʔ, qaŋs
紻	*qaŋʔ
英	*qraŋ
瑛	*qraŋ
霙	*qraŋ
韺	*qraŋ
媖	*qraŋ
渶	*qraŋ
鶧	*qraŋ
楧	*qraŋ
暎	*qraŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qaːŋʔ, *qraŋs) : semantic 日 (“sun”) + phonetic 央 (OC *qaŋ).

Etymology 1

Denominal derived from 影 (OC *qraŋʔ, “shadow; image”) (Gong, 2019). The 上聲 pronunciations in Cantonese, Gan and Hakka come from 影 (MC 'jaengX).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): yìng, yāng (ying⁴, yang¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄥˋ, ㄧㄤ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yin⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jing², joeng²

(Taishan, Wiktionary): yiang²
Gan (Wiktionary): iang³ / in³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yáng

(Meixian, Guangdong): yang³ / yang⁵
Jin (Wiktionary): ing³
Northern Min (KCR): iāng
Eastern Min (BUC): iáng / ióng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): èng / iòng / iàⁿ / iaⁿ

(Teochew, Peng'im): iang³
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵ian; ⁵in
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): in⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yìng
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yìng
  - Wade–Giles: ying⁴
  - Yale: yìng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yinq
  - Palladius: ин (in)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yang
  - Wade–Giles: yang¹
  - Yale: yāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iang
  - Palladius: ян (jan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑŋ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: yin⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: in
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /in²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jing², joeng²
  - Yale: yíng, yéung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jing², joeng²
  - Guangdong Romanization: ying², yêng²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɪŋ³⁵/, /jœːŋ³⁵/

Note: joeng2 - chiefly used in 掩映.

- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: yiang²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiaŋ⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: iang³ / in³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iaŋ²¹³/, /in²¹³/

Note:

iang3 - vernacular;
in3 - literary.

Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yáng
  - Hakka Romanization System: iang`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yang³
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯aŋ³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yáng
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iang`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yang³
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯aŋ³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: yang³ / yang⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /iaŋ³¹/, /iaŋ¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ing³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ĩŋ⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: iāng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iaŋ⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: iáng / ióng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iɑŋ²¹³/, /yɔŋ²¹³/

Note:

iáng - vernacular;
ióng - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: èng
  - Tâi-lô: ìng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: exng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iɪŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /iɪŋ¹¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /iɪŋ²¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iòng
  - Tâi-lô: iòng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ioxng
  - IPA (Taipei): /iɔŋ¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔŋ²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iàⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: iànn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: viax
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /iã²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iã⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /iã¹¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iaⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: iann
  - Phofsit Daibuun: viaf
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iã⁴⁴/

Note:

Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou:
- èng - literary;
- iàⁿ - vernacular;
- Taiwan:
- iòng - literary;
- èng, iàⁿ/iaⁿ - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: iang³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iàng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iaŋ²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁵ian; ⁵in
  - MiniDict: ian^去; in^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²ian; ²in
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /iã³⁴/, /in³⁴/

Note:

2ian - vernacular;
2in - literary.

Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: in⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /in⁴⁵/

Middle Chinese: 'jaengH

Rime
Character	映
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	於敬切
Baxter	'jaengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔˠiæŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔᵚiaŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiaŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔiajŋ^H/
Li Rong	/ʔiɐŋ^H/
Wang Li	/ĭɐŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ɐŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yìng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jing³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*qraŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	映
Reading #	2/2
No.	14519
Phonetic component	央
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	映
Old Chinese	/*qraŋs/

Definitions

映

to reflect (light); to mirror; to shine
to project (movie)
^† sunshine; sunlight
^† to cover; to hide
^† the hours of the goat (1:00pm to 3:00pm)

Synonyms

(to reflect light): 反射 (fǎnshè), 照 (zhào)

Compounds

上映 (shàngyìng)
交映
交相輝映／交相辉映
倒映 (dàoyìng)
反映 (fǎnyìng)
孫康映雪／孙康映雪
展映
後先輝映／后先辉映
掩映
掩映生姿
播映 (bōyìng)
放映 (fàngyìng)
放映室
放映影幕
放映機／放映机 (fàngyìngjī)
映像 (yìngxiàng)
映像管 (yìngxiàngguǎn)
映壁
映媚
映射 (yìngshè)
映山紅／映山红 (yìngshānhóng)
映帶／映带
映托
映摹
映月讀書／映月读书
映望
映照 (yìngzhào)
映現／映现
映眼
映衰
映襯／映衬 (yìngchèn)
映身
映輝／映辉
映雪
映雪囊螢／映雪囊萤
映雪讀書／映雪读书
暉映／晖映 (huīyìng)
照映
照螢映雪／照萤映雪
疊映／叠映
相映 (xiāngyìng)
相映成趣
聚螢映雪／聚萤映雪
蔚映
襯映／衬映
輝映／辉映 (huīyìng)
遮天映日
開映／开映
集螢映雪／集萤映雪
餘映／余映
首映 (shǒuyìng)
首映典禮／首映典礼

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (映):

→ Vietnamese: ánh (映)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yǎng (yang³)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄤˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yǎng
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yǎng
  - Wade–Giles: yang³
  - Yale: yǎng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeang
  - Palladius: ян (jan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑŋ²¹⁴/

Middle Chinese: 'angX

Rime
Character	映
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	烏朗切
Baxter	'angX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɑŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɑŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɑŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔaŋ^X/
Li Rong	/ʔɑŋ^X/
Wang Li	/ɑŋ^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔɑŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ǎng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ong²

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*qaːŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	映
Reading #	1/2
No.	14479
Phonetic component	央
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	坱
Old Chinese	/*qaːŋʔ/

Definitions

映

^‡ Only used in 映㬒 (“not bright; not clear”).

Japanese

Kanji

映

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Go-on: よう (yō)^{←やう (yau, historical)}
Kan-on: えい (ei, Jōyō)
Kun: うつす (utsusu, 映す, Jōyō); うつる (utsuru, 映る, Jōyō); はえる (haeru, 映える, Jōyō)
Nanori: あきら (akira); え (e); てる (teru); や (ya)

Compounds

映(うつ)る (utsuru): to be reflected; to appear as an image; to match or go well with something (in terms of color coordination)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
映
えい Grade: 6
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 映 (MC 'jaengH).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [e̞ː]

Affix

映(えい) • (ei)

a reflection; to reflect
a projection; to project

Derived terms

映(えい)画(が) (eiga): a movie
映(えい)写(しゃ) (eisha): a projection; to project something (an image)
映(えい)像(ぞう) (eizō): an image (especially one on a screen or in one's mind), a reflection

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 映 (MC 'jaengH).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean ᅙᅧᇰ〮 (Yale: qyéng) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 영 (yeng) (Yale: yeng) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

(to project):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [jʌ̹ŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [영]
(to shine; etc.):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [jɘ(ː)ŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [영(ː)]
  - Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource 映 (eumhun 비칠 영 (bichil yeong))

Hanja form^? of 영 (“to project”).
Hanja form^? of 영 (“to shine; to light up; to flash”).
Hanja form^? of 영 (“to reflect”).

Compounds

영화 (映畫, yeonghwa, “film; flick; movie”)
반영 (反映, banyeong)
방영 (放映, bang'yeong)
영상 (映像, yeongsang)
상영 (上映, sang'yeong)
영사 (映寫, yeongsa)
휘영 (輝映, hwiyeong)
영채 (映彩, yeongchae)
투영 (透映, tuyeong)
회영 (回映, hoeyeong)
영발 (映發, yeongbal)
영사 (映射, yeongsa)
사영 (寫映, sayeong)
은영 (隱映, eunyeong)
조영 (照映, joyeong)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

映: Hán Nôm readings: ánh, tử

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