墊

See also: 垫
墊 U+588A, 墊
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-588A
← 墉
[U+5889] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 墋 →
[U+588B]

Translingual

Han character

墊 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 土戈土 (GIG), four-corner 45104, composition ⿱執土)

Derived characters
  • 𡫓, 𫉷, 𩆔, 𫸃

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 237, character 30
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5420
  • Dae Jaweon: page 476, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 477, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+588A

Chinese
trad. 墊
simp. 垫
alternative forms 㞟 “to pay in advance”

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (執) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
騺 *tibs
摯 *tjibs
贄 *tjibs
鷙 *tjibs
墊 *tiːms, *diːb
慹 *tjeb, *ndiːb, *sdib, *tjib
謺 *tjeb
褺 *diːb
蓻 *stib
縶 *tib
漐 *tʰib
蟄 *dib
執 *tjib
瓡 *tjib

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːms, *diːb) : phonetic 執 (OC *tjib) + semantic 土 (“earth”).

Etymology
"to pay in advance"

Replaced 㞟 (diàn).

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “zin3 from 荐?”)

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • din3 - literary;
  • zin3 - vernacular;.

Definitions

墊

  1. pad; cushion; mat
  2. to put something under something else to raise or balance it
    用嚟墊煲底／用嚟垫煲底 [Cantonese]  ―  jung6 lai4 zin3 bou1 dai2 [Jyutping]  ―  to use as a mat for a pot
  3. to fill up something; to insert something
  4. (Southern Min) to sow
Synonyms

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

墊

  1. to pay something in advance; to pay for somebody
Synonyms

Compounds

Pronunciation 3

Rime
Character 墊
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 添 (157)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 都念切
Baxter temH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /temH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /temH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tɛmH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tɛmH/
Li
Rong		 /temH/
Wang
Li		 /tiemH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tiemH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 diàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 dim3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 墊
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 diàn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ temH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[t]ˁ[i]m-s/
English descend

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 墊
Reading # 1/2
No. 17279
Phonetic
component		 執
Rime
group		 侵
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 店
Old
Chinese		 /*tiːms/

Definitions

墊

  1. † to sink down; to drown; to perish; to descend

Compounds
  • 墊没
  • 墊溺／垫溺
  • 墊裂／垫裂
  • 墊陷／垫陷
  • 昏墊／昏垫

Pronunciation 4

Rime
Character 墊
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 怗 (158)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 徒協切
Baxter dep
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /dep̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /dep̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /dɛp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /dɛp̚/
Li
Rong		 /dep̚/
Wang
Li		 /diep̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /dʱiep̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 dié
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 dip6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 墊
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 dié
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tep ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[t]ˁip/
English (place in Sìchuān, no pre-Hàn text)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 墊
Reading # 2/2
No. 17283
Phonetic
component		 執
Rime
group		 緝
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 牒
Old
Chinese		 /*diːb/

Definitions

墊

  1. Only used in 墊江／垫江 (Diànjiāng).

References

Japanese

Kanji
墊

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Korean

Hanja

墊 • (jeom) (hangeul 점, revised jeom, McCune–Reischauer chŏm)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

墊: Hán Nôm readings: điếm

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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