See also:
U+541F, 吟
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-541F

[U+541E]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5420]

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 30, +4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 口人戈弓 (ROIN), four-corner 68027, composition )

Derived characters

  • , 𡷧, 𫕖, 𠤾, 𣵴, 𦛽, 𥆽, 𪑑, 𩒻

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 177, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3330
  • Dae Jaweon: page 395, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 591, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+541F

Chinese

trad.
simp. #
alternative forms



Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms) : semantic + phonetic (OC *krɯm).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial () (31) (31)
Final () (140) (140)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () III III
Fanqie
Baxter ngim ngimH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ŋˠiɪm/ /ŋˠiɪmH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ŋᵚim/ /ŋᵚimH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ŋiem/ /ŋiemH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ŋjim/ /ŋjimH/
Li
Rong
/ŋjəm/ /ŋjəmH/
Wang
Li
/ŋĭĕm/ /ŋĭĕmH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ŋi̯əm/ /ŋi̯əmH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yín yìn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ngam4 ngam6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yín
Middle
Chinese
‹ ngim ›
Old
Chinese
/*m-qʰ(r)[ə]m/
English chant, intone

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 6618 6620
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ŋɡrɯm/ /*ŋɡrɯms/

Definitions

  1. to recite; to chant
  2. to groan
  3. (literature) a type of poetry
  4. (of animals) to cry; to call

Compounds

  • 低吟 (dīyín)
  • 匣裡龍吟匣里龙吟
  • 叉手吟
  • 吟吟沉沉
  • 吟味 (yínwèi)
  • 吟哦 (yín'é)
  • 吟唱 (yínchàng)
  • 吟嘯吟啸
  • 吟壇吟坛
  • 吟沉
  • 吟猱
  • 吟社
  • 吟籟吟籁
  • 吟蛩
  • 吟詠吟咏 (yínyǒng)
  • 吟詠性情吟咏性情
  • 吟詠情性吟咏情性
  • 吟詩吟诗 (yínshī)
  • 吟詩作對吟诗作对 (yínshī zuò duì)
  • 吟誦吟诵 (yínsòng)
  • 吟遊詩人吟游诗人 (yínyóushīrén)
  • 吟風弄月吟风弄月
  • 吟風詠月吟风咏月
  • 呻吟 (shēnyín)
  • 哀吟
  • 噤吟
  • 擁鼻吟拥鼻吟
  • 梁父吟
  • 歌吟
  • 沉吟 (chényín)
  • 沉吟章句
  • 清吟小班
  • 清謳微吟清讴微吟
  • 無病呻吟无病呻吟 (wúbìngshēnyín)
  • 狂吟老監狂吟老监
  • 獨吟独吟
  • 白頭吟白头吟
  • 笑吟吟 (xiàoyínyín)
  • 莊舄越吟庄舄越吟
  • 虎嘯龍吟虎啸龙吟
  • 蛙鼓蟲吟蛙鼓虫吟
  • 行吟
  • 行吟坐詠行吟坐咏
  • 謳吟讴吟
  • 返吟復吟返吟复吟
  • 遊子吟游子吟
  • 長吟长吟
  • 龍吟龙吟
  • 龍吟虎嘯龙吟虎啸

References

Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource • (eum) (hangeul , revised eum, McCuneReischauer ŭm)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Tày

Han character

(transliteration needed)

  1. Nôm form of gằm.

References

  • Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: ngâm ((ngư)(âm)(thiết))[1][2][3]
: Nôm readings: ngẫm[1][2][3][4], ngậm[1][2][3][4], ngâm[1][2][3], cầm[1][2], ngắm[1][3], gầm[1][3], gặm[3][4], gẫm[3][4], ngăm[3][4], ngăn[3][4], câm[1], căm[1], cằm[1], ngầm[1], ngẩm[3], ngợm[3]

  1. chữ Hán form of ngâm (to recite; to read in a singing voice).

References

  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. Trần (2004).
  4. Hồ (1976).
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