吠

吠	U+5420, 吠 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5420

← 吟
[U+541F]

CJK Unified Ideographs

吡 →
[U+5421]

Translingual

Han character

吠 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 口戈大 (RIK), four-corner 6303₄, composition ⿰口犬)

Derived characters

𦜀

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 177, character 22
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3331
Dae Jaweon: page 395, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 587, character 2
Unihan data for U+5420

Chinese

simp. and trad.		吠
alternative forms		𠲎

Glyph origin

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 口 (“mouth”) + 犬 (“dog”) – to bark.

Etymology

Onomatopoeic and from Proto-Sino-Tibetan, perhaps *baus: cognate to Mizo bauh (“to bark”), from earlier *baus (Schuessler 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fèi (fei⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄟˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fai⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phoi
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): pūi / pǔi / hūi

(Teochew, Peng'im): bui⁷

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fèi
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄟˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fèi
  - Wade–Giles: fei⁴
  - Yale: fèi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fey
  - Palladius: фэй (fɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /feɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fai⁶
  - Yale: faih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fai⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: fei⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐi̯²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phoi
  - Hakka Romanization System: poi
  - Hagfa Pinyim: poi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰoi̯⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pūi
  - Tâi-lô: puī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pui
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /pui⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /pui³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kinmen): /pui²²/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pǔi
  - Tâi-lô: puǐ
  - IPA (Lukang): /pui³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hūi
  - Tâi-lô: huī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hui
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hui⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hui³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hui²²/

Note:

pūi/pǔi - vernacular;
hūi - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bui⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pūi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pui¹¹/

Middle Chinese: bjojH

Rime
Character	吠
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	廢 (28)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	符廢切
Baxter	bjojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bʉɐi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/bʷiɐi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/biuɐi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buaj^H/
Li Rong	/biuɐi^H/
Wang Li	/bĭwɐi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯wɐi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fèi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fai⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.bo[t]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*bods/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	吠
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fèi
Middle Chinese	‹ bjoj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə.bo[t]-s/
English	bark (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	吠
Reading #	1/1
No.	3127
Phonetic component	吠
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	吠
Old Chinese	/*bods/

Definitions

吠

(of a dog) to bark
- 鷄鳴狗吠相聞，而達乎四境。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  鸡鸣狗吠相闻，而达乎四境。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE
  Jī míng gǒu fèi xiàng wén, ér dá hū sìjìng. [Pinyin]
  Cocks crow and dogs bark to one another, all the way to the four borders of the State.

Compounds

吠堯／吠尧
吠形吠聲／吠形吠声
吠影吠聲／吠影吠声
吠日
吠舍 (fèishè)
吠陀 (fèituó)
吠非其主
夜珠吠陀
桀犬吠堯／桀犬吠尧
犬不夜吠
犬吠之盜／犬吠之盗
犬吠之警
狂吠 (kuángfèi)
狗吠 (gǒufèi)
狗吠之警
狗吠之驚／狗吠之惊
狗吠非主
粵犬吠雪／粤犬吠雪
蜀犬吠日 (shǔquǎnfèirì)
越犬吠雪
跖犬吠堯／跖犬吠尧
跖狗吠堯／跖狗吠尧
邑犬群吠
阿吠斯陀
雞鳴犬吠／鸡鸣犬吠
雞鳴狗吠／鸡鸣狗吠
驢鳴犬吠／驴鸣犬吠
黎俱吠陀

References

(Min Nan) “Entry #2957”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Japanese

Kanji

吠

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Bark; howl.

Readings

Go-on: ばい (bai); お (o)
Kan-on: はい (hai)
Kun: ほえる (hoeru, 吠える); ほえる (hoeru, 吠る)

Compounds

狗(く)吠(はい) (kuhai): the barking of a dog, or the sound thereof
犬(けん)吠(ばい) (kenbai): the barking of a dog, or the sound thereof

Korean

Hanja

吠 (eum 폐 (pye))

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Vietnamese

Han character

吠: Hán Nôm readings: phệ, phịa

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

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