介紹

See also: 紹介 and 介绍

Chinese

	introduce; lie between; between	connect; to introduce
trad. (介紹)	介	紹
simp. (介绍)	介	绍
anagram	紹介／绍介

Etymology

From 《禮記·聘義》：.

介紹而傳命，君子於其所尊弗敢質，敬之至也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

介绍而传命，君子于其所尊弗敢质，敬之至也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

Jiè shào ér chuán mìng, jūnzǐ yú qí suǒzūn fúgǎn zhì, jìng zhī zhì yě. [Pinyin]

The messages (between the visitor and the host) were passed through all the attendants, from one to another. A superior man, where he wishes to do honour, will not venture to communicate directly and in person. This was a high tribute of respect.

See also the Etymology section at 紹介.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jièshào

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˋ ㄕㄠˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gaai³ siu⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): gai¹ siau⁵
Gan (Wiktionary): 'gai⁴ seu⁵
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kie-seu / kiai-seu
Eastern Min (BUC): gái-siêu
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kài-siāu

(Teochew, Peng'im): gai³ siao⁶
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵cia-zau

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jièshào → jièshao (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˋ ㄕㄠˋ → ㄐㄧㄝˋ ˙ㄕㄠ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jièshåo
  - Wade–Giles: chieh⁴-shao⁵
  - Yale: jyè-shau
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jieh.shaw
  - Palladius: цзешао (czešao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹/ → /t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ ʂɑʊ̯¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gaai³ siu⁶
  - Yale: gaai siuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gaai³ siu⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: gai³ xiu⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːi̯³³ siːu̯²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: gai¹ siau⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kai³³ siau³²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: 'gai⁴ seu⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˈkai³⁵ sɛu¹¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kie-seu
  - Hakka Romanization System: gie seu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gie⁴ seu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯e⁵⁵ seu̯⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiai-seu
  - Hakka Romanization System: giai seu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: giai⁴ seu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯ai̯⁵⁵ seu̯⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gái-siêu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kai²¹³⁻⁵³ ^(s-)liɛu²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kài-siāu
  - Tâi-lô: kài-siāu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kaesiau
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kai²¹⁻⁵³ siau²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ siau⁴¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kai²¹⁻⁴¹ siau³³/
  - IPA (Singapore): /kai²¹⁻⁴² siau²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kai¹¹⁻⁵³ siau³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gai³ siao⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kài siău
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ siau³⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁵cia-zau
  - MiniDict: cia^去 zau
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²jia-zau
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕia³³ zɔ⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: keajH dzyewX

Rime
Character	介	紹
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	皆 (33)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	III
Fanqie	古拜切	市沼切
Baxter	keajH	dzyewX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠɛi^H/	/d͡ʑiᴇu^X/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚæi^H/	/d͡ʑiɛu^X/
Shao Rongfen	/kɐi^H/	/d͡ʑjæu^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəɨj^H/	/d͡ʑiaw^X/
Li Rong	/kɛi^H/	/ʑiɛu^X/
Wang Li	/kɐi^H/	/ʑĭɛu^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/kăi^H/	/ʑi̯ɛu^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiè	shào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaai³	siu⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kreːds djewʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	介
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiè
Middle Chinese	‹ kɛj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁr[e]p-s/
English	armour; scale of animals
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	介	紹
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	6525	2144
Phonetic component	介	刀
Rime group	祭	宵
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	誡	紹
Old Chinese	/*kreːds/	/*djewʔ/

Verb

介紹

to introduce
to recommend
to explain (a situation); to brief
(Philippine Hokkien) to introduce a possible romantic partner

Synonyms

(to introduce): (someone to someone else) 引見／引见 (yǐnjiàn)
(to recommend):

保舉／保举 (bǎojǔ) (literary, to recommend somebody for a post with one's personal guarantee)
保薦／保荐 (bǎojiàn) (literary, to recommend someone for a promotion)
建議／建议 (jiànyì)
引薦／引荐 (yǐnjiàn)
引進／引进 (yǐnjìn)
推舉／推举 (tuījǔ)
推薦／推荐 (tuījiàn)
推選／推选 (tuīxuǎn)
提議／提议 (tíyì)
舉薦／举荐 (jǔjiàn)
薦舉／荐举 (jiànjǔ)

(to explain):

交代 (jiāodài)
分解 (fēnjiě)
拆白 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
拆破 (Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
解說／解说 (jiěshuō)
解釋／解释 (jiěshì)
訓／训 (xùn) (literary, or in compounds, meanings of words)
說／说
說明／说明 (shuōmíng)
說解／说解 (shuōjiě) (literary)
講明／讲明 (jiǎngmíng)
講解／讲解 (jiǎngjiě)
開釋／开释 (kāishì) (literary)
闡明／阐明 (chǎnmíng)
闡發／阐发 (chǎnfā)
闡說／阐说 (chǎnshuō)
闡論／阐论 (chǎnlùn) (literary)
闡釋／阐释 (chǎnshì)
陳／陈 (chén) (literary, or in compounds)

Derived terms

介紹人／介绍人 (jièshàorén)
介紹信／介绍信 (jièshàoxìn)
介紹所／介绍所 (jièshàosuǒ)
自我介紹／自我介绍 (zìwǒ jièshào)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (介紹):

→ Vietnamese: giới thiệu (介紹)

介紹