ὅστις
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From ὅς (hós, “who, which”, relative pronoun) + τῐς (tis, “someone, anyone”, indefinite pronoun).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /hós.tis/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈ(h)os.tis/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈos.tis/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈos.tis/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈos.tis/
Pronoun
ὅστῐς • (hóstis)
- indefinite relative pronoun: whoever, whichever; anyone who, anything which; someone who, something which
- indirect interrogative pronoun corresponding to direct interrogative τίς (tís), τί (tí): who, what, which
- replaces τίς (tís), τί (tí) when someone repeats a question asked by another person
- 405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 197–198:
- Χάρων […] οὗτος τί ποιεῖς;
Διόνυσος ὅ τι ποιῶ;- Khárōn […] hoûtos tí poieîs?
Diónusos hó ti poiô? - Charon: This man, what are you doing?
Dionysus: What am I doing?
- Khárōn […] hoûtos tí poieîs?
- Χάρων […] οὗτος τί ποιεῖς;
- replaces τίς (tís), τί (tí) when someone repeats a question asked by another person
Inflection
Declined forms (Attic)
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | ὅστῐς hóstis |
ἥτῐς hḗtis |
ὅτῐ hóti |
ὥτῐνε hṓtine |
ὥτῐνε hṓtine |
ὥτῐνε hṓtine |
οἵτῐνες hoítines |
αἵτῐνες haítines |
ᾰ̔́τῐνᾰ / ᾰ̔́ττᾰ hátina / hátta | |||||
Genitive | οὗτῐνος / ὅτου hoûtinos / hótou |
ἧστῐνος hêstinos |
οὗτῐνος / ὅτου hoûtinos / hótou |
οἷντῐνοιν hoîntinoin |
οἷντῐνοιν hoîntinoin |
οἷντῐνοιν hoîntinoin |
ὧντῐνων / ὅτων hôntinōn / hótōn |
ὧντῐνων hôntinōn |
ὧντῐνων / ὅτων hôntinōn / hótōn | |||||
Dative | ᾧτῐνῐ / ὅτῳ hôitini / hótōi |
ᾗτῐνῐ hêitini |
ᾧτῐνῐ / ὅτῳ hôitini / hótōi |
οἷντῐνοιν hoîntinoin |
οἷντῐνοιν hoîntinoin |
οἷντῐνοιν hoîntinoin |
οἷστῐσῐ / οἷστῐσῐν / ὅτοις hoîstisi(n) / hótois |
αἷστῐσῐ / αἷστῐσῐν haîstisi(n) |
οἷστῐσῐ / οἷστῐσῐν / ὅτοις hoîstisi(n) / hótois | |||||
Accusative | ὅντῐνᾰ hóntina |
ἥντῐνᾰ hḗntina |
ὅτῐ hóti |
ὥτῐνε hṓtine |
ὥτῐνε hṓtine |
ὥτῐνε hṓtine |
οὕστῐνᾰς hoústinas |
ᾱ̔́στῐνᾰς hā́stinas |
ᾰ̔́τῐνᾰ / ᾰ̔́ττᾰ hátina / hátta | |||||
Vocative | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||
Notes: |
|
Declined forms (Epic)
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | ὅστῐς / ὅτῐς hóstis / hótis |
ἥτις hḗtis |
ὅ τῐ / ὅ ττῐ hó ti / hó tti |
ὥτῐνε hṓtine |
ὥτῐνε hṓtine |
ὥτῐνε hṓtine |
οἵτῐνες hoítines |
αἵτῐνες haítines |
ᾰ̔́σσᾰ hássa | |||||
Genitive | ὅττεο / ὅττευ / ὅτευ hótteo / hótteu / hóteu |
ἧστῐνος hêstinos |
ὅττεο / ὅττευ / ὅτευ hótteo / hótteu / hóteu |
οἷντῐνοιν hoîntinoin |
οἷντῐνοιν hoîntinoin |
οἷντῐνοιν hoîntinoin |
ὅτων hótōn |
ὅτων hótōn |
ὅτων hótōn | |||||
Dative | ὅτεῳ / ὅτῳ hóteōi / hótōi |
ᾗτῐνῐ hêitini |
ὅτεῳ / ὅτῳ hóteōi / hótōi |
οἷντῐνοιν hoîntinoin |
οἷντῐνοιν hoîntinoin |
οἷντῐνοιν hoîntinoin |
ὁτέοισῐ hotéoisi |
αἷστῐσῐ / αἷστῐσῐν haîstisi(n) |
ὁτέοισῐ hotéoisi | |||||
Accusative | ὅντῐνᾰ / ὅτῐνᾰ hóntina / hótina |
ἥντῐνᾰ hḗntina |
ὅ τῐ / ὅ ττῐ hó ti / hó tti |
ὥτῐνε hṓtine |
ὥτῐνε hṓtine |
ὥτῐνε hṓtine |
ὅτῐνᾰς hótinas |
ᾱ̔́στῐνᾰς hā́stinas |
ᾰ̔́σσᾰ hássa | |||||
Vocative | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||
Notes: |
|
See also
Ancient Greek correlatives (edit)
Further reading
- “ὅστις”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ὅστις”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ὅστις”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- “ὅστις”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G3748 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part II: Inflection”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 339
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.