شجر
Arabic
Etymology
Of the root ش ج ر (š-j-r). See it for more.
Verb
شَجَرَ • (šajara) I, non-past يَشْجُرُ (yašjuru)
Conjugation
Conjugation of
شَجَرَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun شَجْر)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
šajr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
šājir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَشْجُور mašjūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | šajartu |
šajarta |
šajara |
شَجَرْتُمَا šajartumā |
شَجَرَا šajarā |
šajarnā |
šajartum |
šajarū | |||
f | šajarti |
šajarat |
شَجَرَتَا šajaratā |
šajartunna |
šajarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔašjuru |
tašjuru |
yašjuru |
تَشْجُرَانِ tašjurāni |
يَشْجُرَانِ yašjurāni |
našjuru |
tašjurūna |
yašjurūna | |||
f | tašjurīna |
tašjuru |
تَشْجُرَانِ tašjurāni |
tašjurna |
yašjurna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔašjura |
tašjura |
yašjura |
تَشْجُرَا tašjurā |
يَشْجُرَا yašjurā |
našjura |
tašjurū |
yašjurū | |||
f | tašjurī |
tašjura |
تَشْجُرَا tašjurā |
tašjurna |
yašjurna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔašjur |
tašjur |
yašjur |
تَشْجُرَا tašjurā |
يَشْجُرَا yašjurā |
našjur |
tašjurū |
yašjurū | |||
f | tašjurī |
tašjur |
تَشْجُرَا tašjurā |
tašjurna |
yašjurna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ušjur |
اُشْجُرَا ušjurā |
ušjurū |
||||||||
f | ušjurī |
ušjurna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | šujirtu |
šujirta |
šujira |
شُجِرْتُمَا šujirtumā |
شُجِرَا šujirā |
šujirnā |
šujirtum |
šujirū | |||
f | šujirti |
šujirat |
شُجِرَتَا šujiratā |
šujirtunna |
šujirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔušjaru |
tušjaru |
yušjaru |
تُشْجَرَانِ tušjarāni |
يُشْجَرَانِ yušjarāni |
nušjaru |
tušjarūna |
yušjarūna | |||
f | tušjarīna |
tušjaru |
تُشْجَرَانِ tušjarāni |
tušjarna |
yušjarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔušjara |
tušjara |
yušjara |
تُشْجَرَا tušjarā |
يُشْجَرَا yušjarā |
nušjara |
tušjarū |
yušjarū | |||
f | tušjarī |
tušjara |
تُشْجَرَا tušjarā |
tušjarna |
yušjarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔušjar |
tušjar |
yušjar |
تُشْجَرَا tušjarā |
يُشْجَرَا yušjarā |
nušjar |
tušjarū |
yušjarū | |||
f | tušjarī |
tušjar |
تُشْجَرَا tušjarā |
tušjarna |
yušjarna |
Conjugation
Conjugation of
شَجَّرَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
tašjīr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
mušajjir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mušajjar | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | šajjartu |
šajjarta |
šajjara |
شَجَّرْتُمَا šajjartumā |
شَجَّرَا šajjarā |
šajjarnā |
šajjartum |
šajjarū | |||
f | šajjarti |
šajjarat |
شَجَّرَتَا šajjaratā |
šajjartunna |
šajjarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔušajjiru |
tušajjiru |
yušajjiru |
تُشَجِّرَانِ tušajjirāni |
يُشَجِّرَانِ yušajjirāni |
nušajjiru |
tušajjirūna |
yušajjirūna | |||
f | tušajjirīna |
tušajjiru |
تُشَجِّرَانِ tušajjirāni |
tušajjirna |
yušajjirna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔušajjira |
tušajjira |
yušajjira |
تُشَجِّرَا tušajjirā |
يُشَجِّرَا yušajjirā |
nušajjira |
tušajjirū |
yušajjirū | |||
f | tušajjirī |
tušajjira |
تُشَجِّرَا tušajjirā |
tušajjirna |
yušajjirna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔušajjir |
tušajjir |
yušajjir |
تُشَجِّرَا tušajjirā |
يُشَجِّرَا yušajjirā |
nušajjir |
tušajjirū |
yušajjirū | |||
f | tušajjirī |
tušajjir |
تُشَجِّرَا tušajjirā |
tušajjirna |
yušajjirna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | šajjir |
شَجِّرَا šajjirā |
šajjirū |
||||||||
f | šajjirī |
šajjirna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | šujjirtu |
šujjirta |
šujjira |
شُجِّرْتُمَا šujjirtumā |
شُجِّرَا šujjirā |
šujjirnā |
šujjirtum |
šujjirū | |||
f | šujjirti |
šujjirat |
شُجِّرَتَا šujjiratā |
šujjirtunna |
šujjirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔušajjaru |
tušajjaru |
yušajjaru |
تُشَجَّرَانِ tušajjarāni |
يُشَجَّرَانِ yušajjarāni |
nušajjaru |
tušajjarūna |
yušajjarūna | |||
f | tušajjarīna |
tušajjaru |
تُشَجَّرَانِ tušajjarāni |
tušajjarna |
yušajjarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔušajjara |
tušajjara |
yušajjara |
تُشَجَّرَا tušajjarā |
يُشَجَّرَا yušajjarā |
nušajjara |
tušajjarū |
yušajjarū | |||
f | tušajjarī |
tušajjara |
تُشَجَّرَا tušajjarā |
tušajjarna |
yušajjarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔušajjar |
tušajjar |
yušajjar |
تُشَجَّرَا tušajjarā |
يُشَجَّرَا yušajjarā |
nušajjar |
tušajjarū |
yušajjarū | |||
f | tušajjarī |
tušajjar |
تُشَجَّرَا tušajjarā |
tušajjarna |
yušajjarna |
Noun
شَجَر • (šajar) m (collective, singulative شَجَرَة f (šajara), dual شَجَرَتَان (šajaratān), plural أَشْجَار (ʔašjār), paucal شَجَرَات (šajarāt))
- trees
- شَجَر (šajar) = trees (in general) (collective)
- شَجَرَة (šajara) = a tree (singulative)
- شَجَرَتَان (šajaratān) = two trees (dual)
- شَجَرَات (šajarāt) = 3 to 10 trees, some trees, a few trees (paucal, little plural)
- أَشْجَار (ʔašjār) = (kinds of) trees (big plural)
- shrubs, bushes
- stock, origin, pedigree, background, genealogy
- family, tribe, support system, connections
Declension
Declension of noun شَجَر (šajar)
Collective | basic collective triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَجَر šajar |
الشَّجَر aš-šajar |
شَجَر šajar |
Nominative | شَجَرٌ šajarun |
الشَّجَرُ aš-šajaru |
شَجَرُ šajaru |
Accusative | شَجَرًا šajaran |
الشَّجَرَ aš-šajara |
شَجَرَ šajara |
Genitive | شَجَرٍ šajarin |
الشَّجَرِ aš-šajari |
شَجَرِ šajari |
Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَجَرَة šajara |
الشَّجَرَة aš-šajara |
شَجَرَة šajarat |
Nominative | شَجَرَةٌ šajaratun |
الشَّجَرَةُ aš-šajaratu |
شَجَرَةُ šajaratu |
Accusative | شَجَرَةً šajaratan |
الشَّجَرَةَ aš-šajarata |
شَجَرَةَ šajarata |
Genitive | شَجَرَةٍ šajaratin |
الشَّجَرَةِ aš-šajarati |
شَجَرَةِ šajarati |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | شَجَرَتَيْن šajaratayn |
الشَّجَرَتَيْن aš-šajaratayn |
شَجَرَتَيْ šajaratay |
Nominative | شَجَرَتَانِ šajaratāni |
الشَّجَرَتَانِ aš-šajaratāni |
شَجَرَتَا šajaratā |
Accusative | شَجَرَتَيْنِ šajaratayni |
الشَّجَرَتَيْنِ aš-šajaratayni |
شَجَرَتَيْ šajaratay |
Genitive | شَجَرَتَيْنِ šajaratayni |
الشَّجَرَتَيْنِ aš-šajaratayni |
شَجَرَتَيْ šajaratay |
Paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَجَرَات šajarāt |
الشَّجَرَات aš-šajarāt |
شَجَرَات šajarāt |
Nominative | شَجَرَاتٌ šajarātun |
الشَّجَرَاتُ aš-šajarātu |
شَجَرَاتُ šajarātu |
Accusative | شَجَرَاتٍ šajarātin |
الشَّجَرَاتِ aš-šajarāti |
شَجَرَاتِ šajarāti |
Genitive | شَجَرَاتٍ šajarātin |
الشَّجَرَاتِ aš-šajarāti |
شَجَرَاتِ šajarāti |
Plural of variety | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَشْجَار ʔašjār |
الْأَشْجَار al-ʔašjār |
أَشْجَار ʔašjār |
Nominative | أَشْجَارٌ ʔašjārun |
الْأَشْجَارُ al-ʔašjāru |
أَشْجَارُ ʔašjāru |
Accusative | أَشْجَارًا ʔašjāran |
الْأَشْجَارَ al-ʔašjāra |
أَشْجَارَ ʔašjāra |
Genitive | أَشْجَارٍ ʔašjārin |
الْأَشْجَارِ al-ʔašjāri |
أَشْجَارِ ʔašjāri |
Noun
شِجَر or شَجَر • (šijar or šajar) m (collective, singulative شِجَرَة f (šijara) or شَجَرَة (šajara), plural أَشْجَار (ʔašjār))
- (al-Andalus, Morocco) fig trees
- a. 1135, Ibn ʿAbdūn, “Un document sur la vie urbaine et les corps de métiers à Séville au début du XIIe siècle: Le traité d’Ibn ʿAbdūn publié avec une introduction et un glossaire”, in Évariste Lévi-Provençal, editor, Journal asiatique, number 2, published 1934, page 248 (٥٦) 16:
Declension
Collective | basic collective triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شِجَر; شَجَر šijar; šajar |
الشِّجَر; الشَّجَر aš-šijar; aš-šajar |
شِجَر; شَجَر šijar; šajar |
Nominative | شِجَرٌ; شَجَرٌ šijarun; šajarun |
الشِّجَرُ; الشَّجَرُ aš-šijaru; aš-šajaru |
شِجَرُ; شَجَرُ šijaru; šajaru |
Accusative | شِجَرًا; شَجَرًا šijaran; šajaran |
الشِّجَرَ; الشَّجَرَ aš-šijara; aš-šajara |
شِجَرَ; شَجَرَ šijara; šajara |
Genitive | شِجَرٍ; شَجَرٍ šijarin; šajarin |
الشِّجَرِ; الشَّجَرِ aš-šijari; aš-šajari |
شِجَرِ; شَجَرِ šijari; šajari |
Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شِجَرَة; شَجَرَة šijara; šajara |
الشِّجَرَة; الشَّجَرَة aš-šijara; aš-šajara |
شِجَرَة; شَجَرَة šijarat; šajarat |
Nominative | شِجَرَةٌ; شَجَرَةٌ šijaratun; šajaratun |
الشِّجَرَةُ; الشَّجَرَةُ aš-šijaratu; aš-šajaratu |
شِجَرَةُ; شَجَرَةُ šijaratu; šajaratu |
Accusative | شِجَرَةً; شَجَرَةً šijaratan; šajaratan |
الشِّجَرَةَ; الشَّجَرَةَ aš-šijarata; aš-šajarata |
شِجَرَةَ; شَجَرَةَ šijarata; šajarata |
Genitive | شِجَرَةٍ; شَجَرَةٍ šijaratin; šajaratin |
الشِّجَرَةِ; الشَّجَرَةِ aš-šijarati; aš-šajarati |
شِجَرَةِ; شَجَرَةِ šijarati; šajarati |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | شِجَرَتَيْن; شَجَرَتَيْن šijaratayn; šajaratayn |
الشِّجَرَتَيْن; الشَّجَرَتَيْن aš-šijaratayn; aš-šajaratayn |
شِجَرَتَيْ; شَجَرَتَيْ šijaratay; šajaratay |
Nominative | شِجَرَتَانِ; شَجَرَتَانِ šijaratāni; šajaratāni |
الشِّجَرَتَانِ; الشَّجَرَتَانِ aš-šijaratāni; aš-šajaratāni |
شِجَرَتَا; شَجَرَتَا šijaratā; šajaratā |
Accusative | شِجَرَتَيْنِ; شَجَرَتَيْنِ šijaratayni; šajaratayni |
الشِّجَرَتَيْنِ; الشَّجَرَتَيْنِ aš-šijaratayni; aš-šajaratayni |
شِجَرَتَيْ; شَجَرَتَيْ šijaratay; šajaratay |
Genitive | شِجَرَتَيْنِ; شَجَرَتَيْنِ šijaratayni; šajaratayni |
الشِّجَرَتَيْنِ; الشَّجَرَتَيْنِ aš-šijaratayni; aš-šajaratayni |
شِجَرَتَيْ; شَجَرَتَيْ šijaratay; šajaratay |
Paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شِجَرَات; شَجَرَات šijarāt; šajarāt |
الشِّجَرَات; الشَّجَرَات aš-šijarāt; aš-šajarāt |
شِجَرَات; شَجَرَات šijarāt; šajarāt |
Nominative | شِجَرَاتٌ; شَجَرَاتٌ šijarātun; šajarātun |
الشِّجَرَاتُ; الشَّجَرَاتُ aš-šijarātu; aš-šajarātu |
شِجَرَاتُ; شَجَرَاتُ šijarātu; šajarātu |
Accusative | شِجَرَاتٍ; شَجَرَاتٍ šijarātin; šajarātin |
الشِّجَرَاتِ; الشَّجَرَاتِ aš-šijarāti; aš-šajarāti |
شِجَرَاتِ; شَجَرَاتِ šijarāti; šajarāti |
Genitive | شِجَرَاتٍ; شَجَرَاتٍ šijarātin; šajarātin |
الشِّجَرَاتِ; الشَّجَرَاتِ aš-šijarāti; aš-šajarāti |
شِجَرَاتِ; شَجَرَاتِ šijarāti; šajarāti |
Plural of variety | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَشْجَار ʔašjār |
الْأَشْجَار al-ʔašjār |
أَشْجَار ʔašjār |
Nominative | أَشْجَارٌ ʔašjārun |
الْأَشْجَارُ al-ʔašjāru |
أَشْجَارُ ʔašjāru |
Accusative | أَشْجَارًا ʔašjāran |
الْأَشْجَارَ al-ʔašjāra |
أَشْجَارَ ʔašjāra |
Genitive | أَشْجَارٍ ʔašjārin |
الْأَشْجَارِ al-ʔašjāri |
أَشْجَارِ ʔašjāri |
Alternative forms
- شِجَار (šijār)
Noun
شَجْر • (šajr) m
Declension
Declension of noun شَجْر (šajr)
Declension
Declension of noun شَجْر (šajr)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَجْر šajr |
الشَّجْر aš-šajr |
شَجْر šajr |
Nominative | شَجْرٌ šajrun |
الشَّجْرُ aš-šajru |
شَجْرُ šajru |
Accusative | شَجْرًا šajran |
الشَّجْرَ aš-šajra |
شَجْرَ šajra |
Genitive | شَجْرٍ šajrin |
الشَّجْرِ aš-šajri |
شَجْرِ šajri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | شَجْرَيْن šajrayn |
الشَّجْرَيْن aš-šajrayn |
شَجْرَيْ šajray |
Nominative | شَجْرَانِ šajrāni |
الشَّجْرَانِ aš-šajrāni |
شَجْرَا šajrā |
Accusative | شَجْرَيْنِ šajrayni |
الشَّجْرَيْنِ aš-šajrayni |
شَجْرَيْ šajray |
Genitive | شَجْرَيْنِ šajrayni |
الشَّجْرَيْنِ aš-šajrayni |
شَجْرَيْ šajray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَشْجَار; شُجُور; شِجَار ʔašjār; šujūr; šijār |
الْأَشْجَار; الشُّجُور; الشِّجَار al-ʔašjār; aš-šujūr; aš-šijār |
أَشْجَار; شُجُور; شِجَار ʔašjār; šujūr; šijār |
Nominative | أَشْجَارٌ; شُجُورٌ; شِجَارٌ ʔašjārun; šujūrun; šijārun |
الْأَشْجَارُ; الشُّجُورُ; الشِّجَارُ al-ʔašjāru; aš-šujūru; aš-šijāru |
أَشْجَارُ; شُجُورُ; شِجَارُ ʔašjāru; šujūru; šijāru |
Accusative | أَشْجَارًا; شُجُورًا; شِجَارًا ʔašjāran; šujūran; šijāran |
الْأَشْجَارَ; الشُّجُورَ; الشِّجَارَ al-ʔašjāra; aš-šujūra; aš-šijāra |
أَشْجَارَ; شُجُورَ; شِجَارَ ʔašjāra; šujūra; šijāra |
Genitive | أَشْجَارٍ; شُجُورٍ; شِجَارٍ ʔašjārin; šujūrin; šijārin |
الْأَشْجَارِ; الشُّجُورِ; الشِّجَارِ al-ʔašjāri; aš-šujūri; aš-šijāri |
أَشْجَارِ; شُجُورِ; شِجَارِ ʔašjāri; šujūri; šijāri |
Persian
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ʃa.ˈd͡ʒaɾ]
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʃä.d͡ʒǽɾ]
- (Kabuli) IPA(key): [ʃä.d͡ʒǽɾ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [ʃä.d͡ʒǽɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʃæ.d͡ʒǽɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʃä.d͡ʒǽɾ]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | šajar |
Dari reading? | šajar |
Iranian reading? | šajar |
Tajik reading? | šajar |
Synonyms
- درخت (deraxt)
South Levantine Arabic
Root |
---|
ش ج ر |
2 terms |
Alternative forms
- سجر (sajar, Galilee)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʃa.ʒar/, [ˈʃa.ʒɑrˤ]
Audio (Ramallah) (file)
Urdu
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian شجر (šajar), itself from Arabic شَجَر (šajar).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ʃə.d͡ʒəɾ/
- Rhymes: -əɾ
- Hyphenation: شَ‧جَر
Noun
شَجَر • (śajar) m (formal plural اشجار, Hindi spelling शजर)
- (formal or poetic) tree
- 2010, Javed Akhtar, Jidhar Jaate Hain Sab [Whither Everyone Goes] :
- بلندی پر انہیں مٹی کی خوشبو تک نہیں آتی
یہ وہ شاخیں ہیں جن کو اب شجر اچھا نہیں لگتا- bulandī par unhẽ miṭṭī kī xuśbū tak nahī̃ ātī
ye vo śāxẽ haĩ jin ko ab śajar acchā nahī̃ lagtā. - At that lofty height, the fragrance of the soil does not reach
Those branches, to whom the tree no longer seems good.
- bulandī par unhẽ miṭṭī kī xuśbū tak nahī̃ ātī
- بلندی پر انہیں مٹی کی خوشبو تک نہیں آتی
Further reading
- “شجر”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- “شجر”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “شجر”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
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