Shōwa period

The Shōwa period (昭和時代, Shōwa jidai), also known as the Shōwa era, was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,, lit. "year name") after Taishō and before Heisei. This period started on December 25, 1926 and ended on January 7, 1989.[1] During this time, the emperor was Shōwa-tennō ((昭和天皇), also known as Hirohito (裕仁)[2]

The nengō Shōwa means "Brilliant Harmony"[3]

This was the longest period or era in Japanese new history.

Events of the Shōwa period

The years in which Shōwa was the Japanese monarch comprise this period or era.[4]

World War II was an important part of the era.

1979 (Shōwa 54): 5th G7 summit in Tokyo
1986 (Shōwa 61): 12th G7 summit in Tokyo

Politics

1926 (Shōwa 1): Emperor Taishō died; and Wakatsuki Reijirō was the Prime Minister during the time of transition.[5]
1927 (Shōwa 2): Tanaka Giichi became 26th Prime Minister[6]
1929 (Shōwa 4): Osachi Hamaguchi became 27th Prime Minister[7]
1931 (Shōwa 6): Wakatsuki became 28th Prime Minister[8]
1931 (Shōwa 6): Inukai Tsuyoshi became 29th Prime Minister[9]
1932 (Shōwa 7): Saitō Makoto became 30th Prime Minister[10]
1934 (Shōwa 9): Keisuke Okada became 31st Prime Minister[11]
1936 (Shōwa 11): Koki Hirota became 32nd Prime Minister[12]
1937 (Shōwa 12): Senjuro Hayashi became 33rd Prime Minister[13]
1937 (Shōwa 12): Fumimaro Konoe became 34th Prime Minister[14]
1939 (Shōwa 14): Hiranuma Kiichirō became 35th Prime Minister[15]
1939 (Shōwa 14): Nobuyuki Abe became 36th Prime Minister[16]
1940 (Shōwa 15): Mitsumasa Yonai became 37th Prime Minister[17]
1940 (Shōwa 15): Konoe became 38th Prime Minister[18]
1941 (Shōwa 16): Konoe became 39th Prime Minister[18]
1941 (Shōwa 16): Hideki Tojo became 40th Prime Minister[19]
1944 (Shōwa 19): Kuniaki Koiso became 41st Prime Minister[20]
1945 (Shōwa 20): Kantaro Suzuki became 42nd Prime Minister[21]
1945 (Shōwa 21): Naruhiko Higashikuni became 43rd Prime Minister[22]
1945 (Shōwa 21): Kijuro Shidehara became 44th Prime Minister[23]
1946 (Shōwa 22): Shigeru Yoshida became 45th Prime Minister[24]
1947 (Shōwa 23): Tetsu Katayama became 46th Prime Minister[25]
1948 (Shōwa 24): Hitoshi Ashida became 47th Prime Minister[26]
1948 (Shōwa 24): Yoshida became 48th Prime Minister[18]
1949 (Shōwa 25): Yoshida became 49th Prime Minister[18]
1952 (Shōwa 27): Yoshida became 50th Prime Minister[18]
1953 (Shōwa 28): Yoshida became 51st Prime Minister[18]
1954 (Shōwa 29): Ichiro Hatoyama became 52nd Prime Minister[27]
1955 (Shōwa 30): Hatoyama became 53rd Prime Minister[18]
1955 (Shōwa 30): Hatoyama became 54th Prime Minister[18]
1956 (Shōwa 31): Tanzan Ishibashi became 55th Prime Minister[28]
1957 (Shōwa 32): Nobusuke Kishi became 56th Prime Minister[29]
1958 (Shōwa 33): Kishi became 57th Prime Minister[18]
1960 (Shōwa 35): Hayato Ikeda became 58th Prime Minister[30]
1960 (Shōwa 35): Ikeda became 59th Prime Minister[18]
1963 (Shōwa 38): Ikeda became 60th Prime Minister[18]
1964 (Shōwa 39): Eisaku Sato became 61st Prime Minister[31]
1967 (Shōwa 42): Sato became 62nd Prime Minister[32]
1970 (Shōwa 45): Sato became 63rd Prime Minister[32]
1972 (Shōwa 47): Kakuei Tanaka became 64th Prime Minister[33]
1972 (Shōwa 47): Tanaka became 65th Prime Minister[32]
1974 (Shōwa 49): Takeo Miki became 66th Prime Minister[34]
1976 (Shōwa 51): Takeo Fukuda became 67th Prime Minister[35]
1978 (Shōwa 53): Masayoshi Ohira became 68th Prime Minister[36]
1979 (Shōwa 54): Ohira became 69th Prime Minister[32]
1980 (Shōwa 55): Zenko Suzuki became 70th Prime Minister[37]
1982 (Shōwa 57): Yasuhiro Nakasone became 71st Prime Minister[38]
1983 (Shōwa 58): Nakasone became 72nd Prime Minister[32]
1986 (Shōwa 61): Nakasone became 73rd Prime Minister[32]
1987 (Shōwa 62): Noboru Takeshita became 74th Prime Minister[39]

Gallery

1928 general election poster
Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida signs the Treaty of San Francisco in September 1951
Special coin minted for the 1964 Summer Olympic Games

Related pages

References

Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 888. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 889. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Dean (2002). Japanese Legal System. Cavendish Publishing. p. 55. ISBN 978-1-84314-322-2.
GlobalSecurity.org, Japanese years. Retrieved 2012-12-15.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 1025. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 946. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 282. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Prime Minister of Japan and Cabinet (Kantei), 1st-30th (1885-1934). Retrieved 2011-12-15.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 391. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 809. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 743. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 320. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 300. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. pp. 558–559. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 317. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 1056. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Kantei, 31st-60th (1834-1964). Retrieved 2011-12-15.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 971. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 545. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 918. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 309. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 852. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. pp. 1059–1060. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 490. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 298. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. pp. 396–397. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. pp. 528–529. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 377. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. pp. 827–828. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Kantei, 61st-90th (1964-2007). Retrieved 2011-12-15.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. pp. 946–947. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 630. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 216. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 741. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 919. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 692. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 941. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

Other websites

Media related to Shōwa era at Wikimedia Commons

National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Shōwa	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th	6th	7th	8th	9th	10th	11th	12th	13th	14th	15th	16th	17th	18th	19th	20th
	1926	1927	1928	1929	1930	1931	1932	1933	1934	1935	1936	1937	1938	1939	1940	1941	1942	1943	1944	1945

Shōwa	21st	22nd	23rd	24th	25th	26th	27th	28th	29th	30th	31th	32th	33th	34th	35th	36th	37th	38th	39th	40th
	1946	1947	1948	1949	1950	1951	1952	1953	1954	1955	1956	1957	1958	1959	1960	1961	1962	1963	1964	1965

Shōwa	41st	42nd	43rd	44th	45th	46th	47th	48th	49th	50th	51th	52th	53th	54th	55th	56th	57th	58th	59th	60th
	1966	1967	1968	1969	1970	1971	1972	1973	1974	1975	1976	1977	1978	1979	1980	1981	1982	1983	1984	1985

Shōwa	61st	62nd	63rd	64th
	1986	1987	1988	1989

Preceded by:
Taishō

Era or nengō:
Shōwa

Succeeded by:
Heisei

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 888. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[2] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 889. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[3] Dean (2002). Japanese Legal System. Cavendish Publishing. p. 55. ISBN 978-1-84314-322-2.

[4] GlobalSecurity.org, Japanese years. Retrieved 2012-12-15.

[5] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 1025. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[6] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 946. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[7] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 282. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[kantei1885-1934-8] Prime Minister of Japan and Cabinet (Kantei), 1st-30th (1885-1934). Retrieved 2011-12-15.

[9] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 391. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[10] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 809. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[11] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 743. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[12] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 320. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[13] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 300. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[14] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. pp. 558–559. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[15] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 317. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[16] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[17] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 1056. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[kantei1934-1964-18] Kantei, 31st-60th (1834-1964). Retrieved 2011-12-15.

[19] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 971. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[20] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 545. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[21] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 918. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[22] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 309. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[23] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 852. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[24] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. pp. 1059–1060. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[25] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 490. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[26] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[27] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 298. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[28] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. pp. 396–397. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[29] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. pp. 528–529. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[30] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 377. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[31] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. pp. 827–828. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[kantei1964-2007-32] Kantei, 61st-90th (1964-2007). Retrieved 2011-12-15.

[33] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. pp. 946–947. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[34] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 630. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[35] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 216. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[36] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 741. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[37] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 919. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[38] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 692. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[39] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 941. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

Japanese era names (Nengō)
Legendary Period
Kofun period
Asuka period 538–710	Taika 645–650 · Hakuchi 650–654 · Shuchō 686–686 · Taihō 701–704 · Keiun 704–708 · Wadō 708–715
Nara period 710–784	Reiki 715–717 · Yōrō 717–724 · Jinki 724–729 · Tenpyō 729–749 · Tenpyō-kanpō 749–749 · Tenpyō-shōhō 749–757 · Tenpyō-hōji 757–765 · Tenpyō-jingo 765–767 · Jingo-keiun 767–770 · Hōki 770–781 · Ten'ō 781–782 · Enryaku 782–806
Heian period 784–1185	Daidō 806–810 · Kōnin 810–824 · Tenchō 824–834 · Jōwa 834–848 · Kashō 848–851 · Ninju 851–854 · Saikō 854–857 · Ten'an 857–859 · Jōgan 859–877 · Gangyō 877–885 · Ninna 885–889 · Kanpyō 889–898 · Shōtai 898–901 · Engi 901–923 · Enchō 923–931 · Jōhei 931–938 · Tengyō 938–947 · Tenryaku 947–957 · Tentoku 957–961 · Ōwa 961–964 · Kōhō 964–968 · Anna 968–970 · Tenroku 970–973 · Ten'en 973–976 · Jōgen 976–978 · Tengen 978–983 · Eikan 983–985 · Kanna 985–987 · Eien 987–988 · Eiso 988–990 · Shōryaku 990–995 · Chōtoku 995–999 · Chōhō 999–1004 · Kankō 1004–1012 · Chōwa 1012–1017 · Kannin 1017–1021 · Jian 1021–1024 · Manju 1024–1028 · Chōgen 1028–1037 · Chōryaku 1037–1040 · Chōkyū 1040–1044 · Kantoku 1044–1046 · Eishō 1046–1053 · Tengi 1053–1058 · Kōhei 1058–1065 · Jiryaku 1065–1069 · Enkyū 1069–1074 · Jōhō 1074–1077 · Jōryaku 1077–1081 · Eihō 1081–1084 · Ōtoku 1084–1087 · Kanji 1087–1094 · Kahō 1094–1096 · Eichō 1096–1097 · Jōtoku 1097–1099 · Kōwa 1099–1104 · Chōji 1104–1106 · Kashō 1106–1108 · Tennin 1108–1110 · Ten'ei 1110–1113 · Eikyū 1113–1118 · Gen'ei 1118–1120 · Hōan 1120–1124 · Tenji 1124–1126 · Daiji 1126–1131 · Tenshō 1131–1132 · Chōshō 1132–1135 · Hōen 1135–1141 · Eiji 1141–1142 · Kōji 1142–1144 · Ten'yō 1144–1145 · Kyūan 1145–1151 · Ninpei 1151–1154 · Kyūju 1154–1156 · Hōgen 1156–1159 · Heiji 1159–1160 · Eiryaku 1160–1161 · Ōhō 1161–1163 · Chōkan 1163–1165 · Eiman 1165–1166 · Nin'an 1166–1169 · Kaō 1169–1171 · Jōan 1171–1175 · Angen 1175–1177 · Jishō 1177–1181 · Yōwa 1181–1182 · Juei 1182–1184 · Genryaku 1184–1185
Kamakura period 1185–1333	Bunji 1185–1190 · Kenkyū 1190–1199 · Shōji 1199–1201 · Kennin 1201–1204 · Genkyū 1204–1206 · Ken'ei 1206–1207 · Jōgen 1207–1211 · Kenryaku 1211–1213 · Kempo 1213–1219 · Jōkyū 1219–1222 · Jōō 1222–1224 · Gennin 1224–1225 · Karoku 1225–1227 · Antei 1227–1229 · Kangi 1229–1232 · Jōei 1232–1233 · Tenpuku 1233–1234 · Bunryaku 1234–1235 · Katei 1235–1238 · Ryakunin 1238–1239 · En'ō 1239–1240 · Ninji 1240–1243 · Kangen 1243–1247 · Hōji 1247–1249 · Kenchō 1249–1256 · Kōgen 1256–1257 · Shōka 1257–1259 · Shōgen 1259–1260 · Bun'ō 1260–1261 · Kōchō 1261–1264 · Bun'ei 1264–1275 · Kenji 1275–1278 · Kōan 1278–1288 · Shōō 1288–1293 · Einin 1293–1299 · Shōan 1299–1302 · Kengen 1302–1303 · Kagen 1303–1306 · Tokuji 1306–1308 · Enkyō 1308–1311 · Ōchō 1311–1312 · Shōwa 1312–1317 · Bunpō 1317–1319 · Gen'ō 1319–1321 · Genkyō 1321–1324 · Shōchū 1324–1326 · Karyaku 1326–1329 · Gentoku 1329–1331 · Genkō 1331–1334^♯ · Shōkyō 1332–1334^₪
Nanboku-chō period (Northern Court) 1336–1392	Kemmu 1334–1338 · Ryakuō 1338–1342 · Kōei 1342–1345 · Jōwa 1345–1350 · Kannō 1350–1352 · Bunna 1352–1356 · Enbun 1356–1361 · Kōan 1361–1362 · Jōji 1362–1368 · Ōan 1368–1375 · Eiwa 1375–1379 · Kōryaku 1379–1381 · Eitoku 1381–1384 · Shitoku 1384–1387 · Kakei 1387–1389 · Kōō 1389–1390 · Meitoku 1390–1394^‡
Nanboku-chō period (Southern Court) 1336–1392	Kemmu 1334–1336 · Engen 1336–1340 · Kōkoku 1340–1346 · Shōhei 1346–1370 · Kentoku 1370–1372 · Bunchū 1372–1375 · Tenju 1375–1381 · Kōwa 1381–1384 · Genchū 1384–1392^‡
Muromachi period 1333–1573	Ōei 1394–1428 · Shōchō 1428–1429 · Eikyō 1429–1441 · Kakitsu 1441–1444 · Bun'an 1444–1449 · Hōtoku 1449–1452 · Kyōtoku 1452–1455 · Kōshō 1455–1457 · Chōroku 1457–1460 · Kanshō 1460–1466 · Bunshō 1466–1467 · Ōnin 1467–1469 · Bunmei 1469–1487 · Chōkyō 1487–1489 · Entoku 1489–1492 · Meiō 1492–1501 · Bunki 1501–1521 · Eishō 1504–1521 · Daiei 1521–1528 · Kyōroku 1528–1532 · Tenbun 1532–1555 · Kōji 1555–1558 · Eiroku 1558–1570 · Genki 1570–1573
Momoyama period 1573–1600	Tenshō 1573–1592 · Bunroku 1592–1596 · Keichō 1596–1615
Edo period 1600–1868	Genna 1615–1624 · Kan'ei 1624–1644 · Shōhō 1644–1648 · Keian 1648–1652 · Jōō 1652–1655 · Meireki 1655–1658 · Manji 1658–1661 · Kanbun 1661–1673 · Enpō 1673–1681 · Tenna 1681–1684 · Jōkyō 1684–1688 · Genroku 1688–1704 · Hōei 1704–1711 · Shōtoku 1711–1716 · Kyōhō 1716–1736 · Genbun 1736–1741 · Kanpō 1741–1744 · Enkyō 1744–1748 · Kan'en 1748–1751 · Hōreki 1751–1764 · Meiwa 1764–1772 · An'ei 1772–1781 · Tenmei 1781–1789 · Kansei 1789–1801 · Kyōwa 1801–1804 · Bunka 1804–1818 · Bunsei 1818–1830 · Tenpō 1830–1844 · Kōka 1844–1848 · Kaei 1848–1854 · Ansei 1854–1860 · Man'en 1860–1861 · Bunkyū 1861–1864 · Genji 1864–1865 · Keiō 1865–1868
Modern Japan 1868–present	Meiji 1868–1912 · Taishō 1912–1926 · Shōwa 1926–1989 · Heisei 1989–2019 · Reiwa 2019–present
^♯The Northern pretenders did not recognize the Genkō era. Gentoku was used in the Northern Court until 1332. ^₪The Shōkyō era was recognized only by the Northern pretenders, not by the Southern Court. ^‡ Upon reunification of the Northern and Southern Courts in 1392, Genchū was discontinued. Meitoku was used until 1394.