toga
English
Etymology
Borrowed directly from Latin toga, from tegō (“I clothe”). Doublet of toge. The Philippine sense is the resemblance of white academic gowns to the loose outer garment worn by the citizens of Ancient Rome.
Pronunciation
Noun
toga (plural togas or togae or togæ)
- A loose outer garment worn by the citizens of Ancient Rome.
- 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 196:
- Or think of a decent young citizen in a toga - perhaps too much dice, you know - coming out here in the train of some prefect, or tax-gatherer, or trader even, to mend his fortunes.
- A loose wrap gown.
- (Philippines) An academic gown.
Synonyms
- toge (obsolete)
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
|
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
|
See also
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtoː.ɣaː/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: to‧ga
- Rhymes: -oːɣaː
Noun
toga f (plural toga's, diminutive togaatje n)
Hypernyms
- ambtskleed
Descendants
- Afrikaans: toga
Faroese
Verb
toga (third person singular past indicative togaði, third person plural past indicative togaðu, supine togað)
- to pull
Conjugation
Conjugation of toga (group v-30) | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | toga | |
supine | togað | |
participle (a6)1 | togandi | togaður |
present | past | |
first singular | togi | togaði |
second singular | togar | togaði |
third singular | togar | togaði |
plural | toga | togaðu |
imperative | ||
singular | toga! | |
plural | togið! | |
1Only the past participle being declined. |
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈto(ː)ɡɑ/, [ˈt̪o̞(ː)ɡɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -oɡɑ
- Syllabification(key): to‧ga
Declension
Inflection of toga (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | toga | togat | ||
genitive | togan | togien | ||
partitive | togaa | togia | ||
illative | togaan | togiin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | toga | togat | ||
accusative | nom. | toga | togat | |
gen. | togan | |||
genitive | togan | togien togainrare | ||
partitive | togaa | togia | ||
inessive | togassa | togissa | ||
elative | togasta | togista | ||
illative | togaan | togiin | ||
adessive | togalla | togilla | ||
ablative | togalta | togilta | ||
allative | togalle | togille | ||
essive | togana | togina | ||
translative | togaksi | togiksi | ||
abessive | togatta | togitta | ||
instructive | — | togin | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Possessive forms of toga (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Further reading
- “toga”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Anagrams
Icelandic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtʰɔːɣa/
- Rhymes: -ɔːɣa
Verb
toga (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative togaði, supine togað)
- (transitive, intransitive, governs the accusative) to pull, to draw, to tug
- (transitive, intransitive, governs the accusative) to trawl
Inflection
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að toga | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
togað | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
togandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég toga | við togum | present (nútíð) |
ég togi | við togum |
þú togar | þið togið | þú togir | þið togið | ||
hann, hún, það togar | þeir, þær, þau toga | hann, hún, það togi | þeir, þær, þau togi | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég togaði | við toguðum | past (þátíð) |
ég togaði | við toguðum |
þú togaðir | þið toguðuð | þú togaðir | þið toguðuð | ||
hann, hún, það togaði | þeir, þær, þau toguðu | hann, hún, það togaði | þeir, þær, þau toguðu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
toga (þú) | togið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
togaðu | togiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að togast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
togast | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
togandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég togast | við togumst | present (nútíð) |
ég togist | við togumst |
þú togast | þið togist | þú togist | þið togist | ||
hann, hún, það togast | þeir, þær, þau togast | hann, hún, það togist | þeir, þær, þau togist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég togaðist | við toguðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég togaðist | við toguðumst |
þú togaðist | þið toguðust | þú togaðist | þið toguðust | ||
hann, hún, það togaðist | þeir, þær, þau toguðust | hann, hún, það togaðist | þeir, þær, þau toguðust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
togast (þú) | togist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
togastu | togisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
togaður | toguð | togað | togaðir | togaðar | toguð | |
accusative (þolfall) |
togaðan | togaða | togað | togaða | togaðar | toguð | |
dative (þágufall) |
toguðum | togaðri | toguðu | toguðum | toguðum | toguðum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
togaðs | togaðrar | togaðs | togaðra | togaðra | togaðra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
togaði | togaða | togaða | toguðu | toguðu | toguðu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
togaða | toguðu | togaða | toguðu | toguðu | toguðu | |
dative (þágufall) |
togaða | toguðu | togaða | toguðu | toguðu | toguðu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
togaða | toguðu | togaða | toguðu | toguðu | toguðu |
Synonyms
- (pull): draga
Derived terms
- hártogun
- hlaupa eins og fætur toga (to run as fast as one can)
- toga í eitthvað (to pull on something)
- togast
- togast á um (to fight over something, to contend for something)
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtɔ.ɡa/
- Rhymes: -ɔɡa
- Hyphenation: tò‧ga
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *togéh₂ (“cover”), from *(s)teg- (“to cover”) (whence tegō).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈto.ɡa/, [ˈt̪ɔɡä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈto.ɡa/, [ˈt̪ɔːɡä]
Noun
toga f (genitive togae); first declension
Declension
First-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | toga | togae |
Genitive | togae | togārum |
Dative | togae | togīs |
Accusative | togam | togās |
Ablative | togā | togīs |
Vocative | toga | togae |
Derived terms
- epitogium
- toga alba
- toga candida
- toga picta
- toga praetexta
- toga pulla
- toga pura
- toga trabea
- toga virilis
- togula
- togāta
- togātulus
- togātus
- togātārius
References
- “toga”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- toga in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to assume the toga virilis: togam virilem (puram) sumere
- to assume the toga virilis: togam virilem (puram) sumere
Northern Sami
Pronunciation
- (Kautokeino) IPA(key): /ˈtʰoːka/
Inflection
Even a-stem, no gradation | ||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | tōga | |||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | tōga | |||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | |||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | tōga | tōgat | ||||||||||||||||||||
Accusative | tōga | tōgaid | ||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | tōga | tōgaid | ||||||||||||||||||||
Illative | tōgii | tōgaide | ||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | tōgas | tōgain | ||||||||||||||||||||
Comitative | tōgain | tōgaiguin | ||||||||||||||||||||
Essive | tōgan | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
Norwegian Bokmål
Alternative forms
Norwegian Nynorsk
Noun
toga m (definite singular togaen, indefinite plural togaer or togaar, definite plural togaene or togaane)
- a toga (Roman garment)
References
- “toga” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Irish
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtoɣa/
Old Norse
Etymology 1
From Proto-Germanic *tugōną.
Conjugation
infinitive | toga | |
---|---|---|
present participle | togandi | |
past participle | togaðr | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | toga | togaða |
2nd-person singular | togar | togaðir |
3rd-person singular | togar | togaði |
1st-person plural | togum | toguðum |
2nd-person plural | togið | toguðuð |
3rd-person plural | toga | toguðu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | toga | togaða |
2nd-person singular | togir | togaðir |
3rd-person singular | togi | togaði |
1st-person plural | togim | togaðim |
2nd-person plural | togið | togaðið |
3rd-person plural | togi | togaði |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | toga | |
1st-person plural | togum | |
2nd-person plural | togið |
infinitive | togask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | togandisk | |
past participle | togazk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | togumk | toguðumk |
2nd-person singular | togask | togaðisk |
3rd-person singular | togask | togaðisk |
1st-person plural | togumsk | toguðumsk |
2nd-person plural | togizk | toguðuzk |
3rd-person plural | togask | toguðusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | togumk | toguðumk |
2nd-person singular | togisk | togaðisk |
3rd-person singular | togisk | togaðisk |
1st-person plural | togimsk | togaðimsk |
2nd-person plural | togizk | togaðizk |
3rd-person plural | togisk | togaðisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | togask | |
1st-person plural | togumsk | |
2nd-person plural | togizk |
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
References
- “toga”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtɔ.ɡa/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɔɡa
- Syllabification: to‧ga
Declension
Portuguese
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tǒːɡa/
- Hyphenation: to‧ga
Declension
Further reading
- “toga” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Slovene
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tǫga.
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Adjective
tóga
- inflection of tog:
- masculine nominative/accusative dual
- feminine nominative singular
- neuter nominative/accusative plural
Further reading
- “toga”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtoɡa/ [ˈt̪o.ɣ̞a]
- Rhymes: -oɡa
- Syllabification: to‧ga
Noun
toga f (plural togas)
Verb
toga
Etymology 2
Back slang for gato.
Further reading
- “toga”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Tagalog
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtoɡa/, [ˈto.ɣɐ]
- Hyphenation: to‧ga
Noun
toga (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜄ)
- cap and gown; ceremonial gown or robe (worn by a graduate, lawyer, judge, professor etc.)
- toga (garment used by the citizens of ancient Rome)
Derived terms
- magtoga
See also
Further reading
- “toga”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
West Makian
Etymology
Compare East Makian togal (“to pull”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈt̪o.ɡa/
Verb
toga