gaan
Afrikaans
Etymology
From Dutch gaan, from Middle Dutch gâen, from Old Dutch gān, from a fusion of Proto-Germanic *gāną and *ganganą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁-, *ǵʰengʰ-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈχɑːn/
Audio (file)
Derived terms
- aangaan (“concern (with)”)
- afgaan (“descend”)
- agteruitgaan (“deteriorate”)
- begaan (“not to concern”)
- deurgaan (“go through”)
- heengaan (“pass away”)
- ingaan (“enter”)
- losgaan (“come loose”)
- meegaan (“accompany”)
- nagaan (“review”)
- ondergaan (“subjected to”)
- ontgaan (“slip (one's mind)”)
- oopgaan (“open”)
- oorgaan (“review”)
- opgaan (“ascend”)
- rondgaan (“go around”)
- saamgaan (“accompany”)
- teëgaan
- teengaan (“resist”)
- toegaan (“close”)
- uitgaan (“exit, leave”)
- verbygaan (“pass”)
- voorgaan (“lead”)
- voortgaan (“continue”)
- vooruitgaan (“go ahead”)
- weggaan (“leave”)
Aukan
Derived terms
- gaanse (“majority (of something, some group, etc)”, literally “big side”)
See also
- Gaaman (Gaanman)
References
- Aukan-English Dictionary (SIL), citing Vernon (1985)
Cebuano
Etymology
From Proto-Philippine *ʀaqan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀaqan.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡaˈʔan/, [ɡʌˈʔan̪]
- Hyphenation: ga‧an
Derived terms
- gaan ang dugo
- gaan ang lawas
- gaan og buot
- gaan og kamot
- gaan og sulti
- gaan og ulo
- kagaan
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch gâen, from Old Dutch gān, from a fusion of Proto-West Germanic *gān and *gangan, from Proto-Germanic *gāną and *ganganą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁-, *ǵʰengʰ-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɣaːn/
audio (Belgium) (file) audio (Netherlands) (file) - Hyphenation: gaan
- Rhymes: -aːn
Verb
gaan
- (intransitive) to go, to move from one place to another
- Ik ga naar het strand.
- I'm going to the beach.
- Die auto gaat nergens naartoe.
- That car isn't going anywhere.
- (intransitive) to leave or depart, to move away
- Morgen gaan ze weer.
- They're leaving again tomorrow.
- (intransitive) to lead (in a direction)
- Deze weg gaat helemaal naar Limburg.
- This road goes all the way to Limburg.
- (intransitive) to proceed (well or poorly)
- Dat ging goed.
- That went well.
- Hoe gaat het?
- How is it going?
- Dat gaat niet.
- That won't work.
- (auxiliary) Forms the future tense of a verb, similarly to English going to future tense
- Het gaat toch niet werken.
- It is not going to work anyway.
- (auxiliary) to start to, begin to, to be going to
- De zon gaat weer schijnen.
- The sun is starting to shine again.
- Ik ga slapen.
- I'm going to sleep.
- Het gaat zo regenen.
- It's going to start raining soon.
Usage notes
- zullen is also used for the future tense, but sounds more formal
- In questions, the past tense ging(en) in the sense of “to go” can be used to indicate the present. In Dutch, one can ask “Ging je nog naar die verjaardag vanavond?” which means “Are you still going to that birthday party tonight?”. The question implies there was a plan to go to the said party, and asks for confirmation that the plan is still on. This exceptional use of the past tense with a present meaning is also seen for the verb moeten.
Inflection
| Conjugation of gaan (strong class 7, irregular) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | gaan | |||
| past singular | ging | |||
| past participle | gegaan | |||
| infinitive | gaan | |||
| gerund | gaan n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | ga | ging | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | gaat | ging | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | gaat | ging | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | gaat | gingt | ||
| 3rd person singular | gaat | ging | ||
| plural | gaan | gingen | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | ga | ginge | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | gaan | gingen | ||
| imperative sing. | ga | |||
| imperative plur.1 | gaat | |||
| participles | gaand | gegaan | ||
| 1) Archaic. | ||||
Derived terms
- aangaan
- achteraangaan
- achterafgaan
- achtergaan
- achternagaan
- achteromgaan
- achteropgaan
- achterovergaan
- achteruitgaan
- afgaan
- begaan
- bijeengaan
- bijgaan
- binnengaan
- blootgaan
- bovengaan
- buitengaan
- dichtgaan
- doodgaan
- dooreengaan
- doorgaan
- erin gaan
- gaan met die banaan
- gaan over
- gaande
- gegaan
- gelijkgaan
- heengaan
- ineengaan
- ingaan
- kapotgaan
- kromgaan
- langsgaan
- leeggaan
- losgaan
- medegaan
- meegaan
- misgaan
- nagaan
- nedergaan
- neergaan
- omgaan
- omhooggaan
- omlaaggaan
- omvergaan
- onderdoorgaan
- ondereengaan
- ondergaan
- onderuitgaan
- ontgaan
- opeengaan
- opengaan
- opgaan
- opzijgaan
- over één nacht ijs gaan
- overgaan
- platgaan
- rondgaan
- samengaan
- schoongaan
- stukgaan
- tegengaan
- teloorgaan
- teruggaan
- toegaan
- uiteengaan
- uitgaan
- van de grond gaan
- vastgaan
- verdergaan
- vergaan
- vooraangaan
- voorafgaan
- voorbijgaan
- voorgaan
- vooropgaan
- voorovergaan
- voortgaan
- voortsgaan
- vooruitgaan
- vreemdgaan
- vrijgaan
- wedergaan
- wederomgaan
- wederopgaan
- weergaan
- weeromgaan
- weggaan
- zijns weegs gaan
Related terms
Navajo
Etymology
From Proto-Athabaskan *-ɢa̓·ŋ-əʔ.
Cognates:
- Apachean: Western Apache -gan, Chiricahua -gan, Jicarilla -gan, Lipan -gąą’, Plains Apache -gąą
- Others: Tsuut’ina -gànὰ’, Hupa -ɢan-, Mattole, -gaane’, Galice gaaneʔ, Chilcotin -gán, Slavey -gǫ́’, Hare -góné’, Dogrib -gǫ̀, Dene Sųłiné -gané, Sekani -gòne’, Dunneza -góné’, Central Tanana -gonaʔ, Hän -gæ̀nn’, Ahtna -ɢaane’, Dena'ina -ɢuna, Eyak -ɢəla’, Tlingit jín ("hand")
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kɑ̀ːn], [kɣɑ̀ːn]
Noun
-gaan (inalienable, e.g., shigaan "my arm", bigaan "her/his/its/their arm"), compound form: gąą-, gą-, gan-
- arm, foreleg, limb, branch, front wheel
Derived terms
Derived terms
- chidí bigaan (“front wheel of car”)
- -gaan ahánáwoʼó gónaa (“knuckle/wrist/elbow/shoulder joint”)
- -gaan bitaʼ sitání (“humerus, upper arm bone”) (compare -gąąstsʼin bitaʼ sitání)
- -gaan kʼézʼáí (“paralyzed/stiff arm”) (compare -gąą doo ahą́ą́h ndeełí)
- gaanee (“by hand, manual, armway”)
- gaanee naanish (“manual labor, hand labor, unskilled labor”)
- -gaanlóóʼ (“forearm, lower arm, ulna”) (also -gąąlóóʼ)
- -ganighah (“area of scapula, back of arm”) (also -gąąghah, compare -gąnaghah, -gąną́ghah)
- -gąnaghah (“around back of arm over shoulder”) (also -gąną́ghah, compare -gąąghah, -ganighah)
- -gąnághah (“around back of arm over shoulder”) (also -gąnąghah, compare -gąąghah, -ganighah)
- -gąą agodí (“cut-off arm”) (compare -gąąʼagod)
- -gąą doo ahą́ą́h ndeełí (“stiff/paralyzed arm”) (compare -gaan kʼézʼáí)
- -gąąʼagod (“amputated arm stump”) (compare -gąą agodí)
- -gąąbąstʼáán (“arm on fletching”)
- -gąądikééʼ (“human arm prints, quadruped foreleg prints”)
- -gąądoh (“arm muscle”)
- -gąąghah (“area of scapula, back of arm”) (also -ganighah, compare gąnaghah, -gąną́ghah)
- -gąąghahashjééʼ (“shoulder bands”)
- -gąąghahaztʼiʼ (“shoulder band”)
- -gąąkʼis (“arm/foreleg missing, one-armed”)
- -gąąlóóʼ (“forearm, lower arm, ulna”) (also -gaanlóóʼ)
- -gąąstsiin (“scapula, shoulder blade”) (also -gą́ą́stsiin, compare -gąątsʼin, -gąątsʼiin)
- -gąąstsiin ałchʼįʼ nahííláhí (“spinal area between scapula”)
- -gąąstsiin ałchʼįʼ nihiníláagi (“between shoulder blades, horse withers”)
- -gą́ą́stsiin (“scapula, shoulder blade”) (also -gąąstsiin)
- -gąąstsiin (“shoulder blade, arm bone”) (compare gąątsʼin, -gąąstsiin, -gą́ą́stsiin)
- -gąątsʼin (“arm/foreleg bone”) (compare gąąstsiin, -gą́ą́stsiin, -gąąstsʼiin)
- -gąąstsʼin bitaʼ sitání (“humerus, upper arm bone”) (compare -gaan bitaʼ sitání)
- -gąąyaaí (“forearm”)
- -gąązhnézhí (“arm fringes”)
- -gąązis (“sleeve”) (also -gąąziz)
- -gąąziz (“sleeve”) (also -gąązis)
- -láshgaan (“fingernail, bird claw, quadruped fore-claws”)
- -késhgaan (“toenail, quadruped hind-claws”)
- ńdíshchííʼ bigaan (“pine branch”)
- tsin bigaan (“tree limb”)
Scots
Etymology
From Old English gān (“to go”). An alternative (and arguably more phonetically neutral; see the pronunciations given) spelling of gan or gaun.
Pronunciation
- Phonetic transcriptions: IPA(key): [ɡɑːn], [ɡɒːn]
- Phonemic transcription: IPA(key): /ɡan/
The latter is the more traditional form.
In some compounds it frequently becomes IPA(key): /ɡən/, e.g. gaan oot IPA(key): /ɡən ut/, gaan in IPA(key): /ɡən ɪn/.
Tagalog
Etymology
From Proto-Philippine *ʀaqan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀaqan. Compare Bikol Central gian.
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ɡaˈʔan/ [ɡɐˈʔan]
- Rhymes: -an
- (dialectal, Batangas, Tayabas) IPA(key): /ˈɡaʔan/ [ˈɡa.ʔɐn]
- Rhymes: -aʔan
- Syllabification: ga‧an
Noun
gaán or gaan (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜀᜈ᜔)
Derived terms
- gaan ng buhay
- gaan ng dugo
- gaanan
- gumaan
- kagaanan
- magaan
- magaan ang bibig
- magaan sa bulsa
- magaanan
- magpagaan
- makagaan
- nakagagaan
- pagaanin
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