Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ganganą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰengʰ- (“to walk, step”). Cognate with Sanskrit जंगहे (jaṃgahe) (third-person singular intensive form of जंहति (jaṃhati, “to move quickly, sprawl, kick”)) and Lithuanian žeñgti (“to step”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɣɑŋ.ɡɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*ganganą

to go, walk, step
Synonym: *gāną

Inflection

Conjugation of *ganganą (strong class 7c)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*gangō	*gangaų	—	*gangai	?
2nd singular	*gangizi	*gangaiz	*gang	*gangazai	*gangaizau
3rd singular	*gangidi	*gangai	*gangadau	*gangadai	*gangaidau
1st dual	*gangōz	*gangaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*gangadiz	*gangaidiz	*gangadiz	—	—
1st plural	*gangamaz	*gangaim	—	*gangandai	*gangaindau
2nd plural	*gangid	*gangaid	*gangid	*gangandai	*gangaindau
3rd plural	*gangandi	*gangain	*gangandau	*gangandai	*gangaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*gegang	*gegangį̄
2nd singular	*geganht	*gegangīz
3rd singular	*gegang	*gegangī
1st dual	*gegangū	*gegangīw
2nd dual	*gegangudiz	*gegangīdiz
1st plural	*gegangum	*gegangīm
2nd plural	*gegangud	*gegangīd
3rd plural	*gegangun	*gegangīn

	present	past
participles	*gangandz	*ganganaz

Derived terms

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *gangan
- Old English: gangan, gongan
  - Middle English: gangen, gongen
    - English: gang
    - Scots: gang
- Old Frisian: ganga, gunga
  - Saterland Frisian: gunge (“in part”)
- Old Saxon: gangan
  - Middle Low German: gangen
- Old Dutch: *gangan
  - Middle Dutch: gangen (only in rhyme)
- Old High German: gangan
  - Middle High German: gangen
    - German: gehen (suppletive; only the past tense forms)
      Swabian: ganga
Old Norse: ganga
- Icelandic: ganga
- Faroese: ganga
- Norwegian Nynorsk: ganga; (dialectal) gånga, gå
- Dalian: ganga
- Old Swedish: ganga
  - Swedish: gånga (archaic)
- Danish: gange (archaic)
  - Norwegian Bokmål: gange (archaic)
- Old Gutnish: ganga
Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽 (gaggan) (suppletive past tense from *gāną: 𐌹𐌳𐌳𐌾𐌰 (iddja))

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.