< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yāg

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Sometimes connected with *yak- (“to rub, to smear”), with the both deriving from hypothetical *yā-, supposedly reflected in Khalaj yâ- (“to churn butter”).

Noun

*yāg

  1. fat, butter, lard, thick

Declension
Declension of *yāg
Singular 3)
Nominative *yāg
Accusative *yāgnï, *yāgïg 4), *yāgnïg 1)
Genitive *yāgnïŋ
Dative *yāgka
Locative *yāgda
Ablative *yāgdan
Allative *yāggaru
Instrumental 2) *yāgïn
Equative 2) *yāgča
Similative 2) *yāglayu
Comitative 2) *yāglïgu
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants
  • Oghur:
    • Chuvash: ҫу (śu), ҫӑв (śăv)
  • Arghu:
  • Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Turkmen: ýag
    • Salar: yağ
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid: ىاغ (yağ)
      • Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (yağ)
  • Kipchak:
    • Kipchak: yağ
    • Mamluk-Kipchak: [Arabic needed] (yağ), [Arabic needed] (yağ)
    • North Kipchak:
    • West Kipchak:
    • South Kipchak:
  • Siberian:
    • Old Turkic: [script needed] (yaɣ)
    • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (yaɣ)
    • North Siberian:
    • South Siberian:
      • Sayan Turkic:
        • Tuvan: чаг (çag)
        • Tofa: [script needed] (čaɣ)
      • Yenisei Turkic:
        • Khakas: чағ (çağ)
        • Shor: чағ (čağ)
      • Northern Altai: јаг (ǰag) (Chelkan), дьу (dʹu), дьыг (dʹïg) (Kumandin)

See also
Foods - *yẹ̄miĺčler, *yẹ̄miĺčsāyïn
Arpa
Barley
 barley: *arpa
Burçak
Pea
 beans, peas: *burčak
Bodagay
Wheat
 farro, wheat: *bugday
Hünnap
Jujube
 jujube: *yidge
Çilek
Strawberry
 strawberry: *yidgelek
Alma
Apple
 apple: *almïla
Fındık
Hazelnuts
 hazelnut: *bōńurï
Ceviz
Walnuts
 walnut: *yaŋgak
Bal
Honey
 honey: *bạl
Darı
Millet
 millet: *tạrïg
Soğan
Onion
 onion: *sōgun
Tuz
Salt
 salt: *tūŕ
Yumurta
Egg
 egg: *yumurtka
Yağ
Butter
 butter: *yāg
Mantar
Mushroom
 mushroom: *kömbe
Turp
Radish
 radish: *turp, *turma
Havuç
Carrot
 carrot: *turma

Further reading
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 895
  • Sevortjan, E. V., Levitskaja, L. S. (1989) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Nauka, page 58
  • Tenišev E. R., editor (2001), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: Leksika [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages: Lexis] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Nauka, page 453
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*jāg”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.