< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kuditi

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kowdéyeti, causative/iterative from the root *kewd-, or derived from *kudъ, *kudь, *kudo (“sorcery? evil spirit?”), from the same root. Cognate with Ancient Greek κυδάζω (kudázō, “to jeer at”), Old Norse hóta (“to threaten”), English hoot, Old High German hosc (“scorn, mockery”), Middle High German hiuzen (“to become impudent”), Sanskrit कुत्सयति (kutsáyati, “to scold”).

Verb

*kùditi impf[1]

  1. to prosecute
    Synonym: *goniti
  2. to accuse, to reproach, to slander
    Synonyms: *xuliti, *koriti

Conjugation
Conjugation of *kuditi, *kudi, *kuditь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*kuďenьje *kuditi *kuditъ *kudilъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *kuďenъ *kudimъ
Active *kuďь *kudę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *kudixъ*kudi*kudi *kuďǫ*kudiši*kuditь
Dual *kudixově*kudista*kudiste *kudivě*kudita*kudite
Plural *kudixomъ*kudiste*kudišę *kudimъ*kudite*kudętь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *kuďaaxъ*kuďaaše*kuďaaše —*kudi*kudi
Dual *kuďaaxově*kuďaašeta*kuďaašete *kudivě*kudita—
Plural *kuďaaxomъ*kuďaašete*kuďaaxǫ *kudimъ*kudite—
    Notes:
  • (*)*kudivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Intensive stem: *kuďati

Derived terms
  • *jьzkuditi
  • *nakuditi
  • *prokuditi, *perkuditi
  • *kuditeľь (“accuser, persecutor”)
  • *kudьba (“blasphemy”)
  • *čudo (“miracle”)
    • *čuditi (“to marvel, to be surprised”)
  • *kudo (“sorcery? evil spirit?”)
  • *kudъ, *kudь (“sorcery? evil spirit?”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: кꙋдити (kuditi)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • ⇒ Polish: przekudzić (dialectal)
    • Slovak: kudiť (Jungmann's and Kott's dictionaries; archaic or dialectal)

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kùditi”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 255: “v. (a)”

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “-куди́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kuditi”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 82
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “кудя¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 77
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