Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dьgna

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Formed as a resultant noun of *dьgnǫti (“to prickle”) +‎ *-a, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeygʷ-. Akin to Lithuanian dýgti (“to germinate, sprout”) / díegti (“to prick(le)”), Proto-Germanic *dīkiją (“dike”), and Latin fīgō.

Noun

*dьgna f

scar
Synonyms: *bělěgъ, *blizna
ditch
Synonyms: *kopanь, *dupa, *jama, *xorlupa
(regional) mussel

Declension

Declension of *dьgna (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*dьgna	*dьgně	*dьgny
genitive	*dьgny	*dьgnu	*dьgnъ
dative	*dьgně	*dьgnama	*dьgnamъ
accusative	*dьgnǫ	*dьgně	*dьgny
instrumental	dьgnojǫ, dьgnǫ^**	*dьgnama	*dьgnami
locative	*dьgně	*dьgnu	dьgnasъ, dьgnaxъ^*
vocative	*dьgno	*dьgně	*dьgny

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

Old Church Slavonic:
Old Cyrillic script: дьгна (dĭgna), дегна (degna), дъгна (dŭgna), догна (dogna) (Russian recension)

Glagolitic script: [Term?]

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: дьгна (dĭgna), дегна (degna), дъгна (dŭgna), догна (dogna)
  - Russian: дегна (degna)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: дъ́гна (dǎ́gna)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: да̏гна, да̏гња
  
  Latin script: dȁgna, dȁgnja
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: dehna
- Old Polish: dzięgna
  - → Russian: цинга́ (cingá, “scurvy”)
    - → Armenian: ցինգա (cʻinga)
    - → Kildin Sami: цыӈӈьк (cyŋŋ’k)
    - → Polish: cynga
    - → Skolt Sami: câʹǧǧ

References

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дегна”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дна”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dьgna”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 205
Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 383, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 383

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