< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dъždžь
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Alternative reconstructions
Etymology
Uncertain, *ždž (*šč) can be derived from *zd (*st) and *zg (*sk):
- *dusdjos: From Proto-Indo-European *dus-dyu-, a compound of *dus- (“bad”) + *dyu- (“sky”).
- Compare Sanskrit दुर्दिन (durdina, “rain, shower”), Ancient Greek εὐδία (eudía, “fair weather”).
- *duzgjo-: From **dъždžati, **dъždžitь + *-ь.
- Related to Lithuanian duzgė́ti (“to rumble?, buzz?”), duzgénti.
- See also *mъrskati, *mъrščati, *mъrždžiti, *pъrskati, *polskati, *pľuskati, *bučiti, *bučati, *buča, *bučadlo, *buriti, *buřa.
- *duskjos: From **dъščati, **dъščitь + *-ь or **dъskati/**dъsknǫti + *-jь.
- Related to Norwegian duskregn (“drizzling rain”), det dusker, Swedish regndusk (“drizzling rain”), dusk, dúska, Bavarian dusel (“drizzle?”). Further related to Norwegian dysja or dust (“dust”) < *dʰewh₂-.
- See also *mižati, *mьžati, *mьžiti, *mьža, *mьžica, *mьžika, *mьga, *mьgla (< *h₃meygʰ-, ?*h₃meyǵʰ-), *mьrknǫti, *mьrčiti, *morčiti, Czech pršeti, Bulgarian ситен дъжд (siten dǎžd).
Declension
Declension of *dъ̀ždžь (soft o-stem, accent paradigm b)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *dъ̀ždžь | *dъždžà | *dъždžì |
| genitive | *dъždžà | *dъždžù | *dъ̀ždžь |
| dative | *dъždžù | *dъždžèma | *dъ̀ždžemъ |
| accusative | *dъ̀ždžь | *dъždžà | *dъždžę̇̀ |
| instrumental | *dъždžь̀mь, *dъždžèmь* | *dъždžèma | *dъ̀ždži |
| locative | *dъždžì | *dъždžù | *dъ̀ždžixъ |
| vocative | *dъždžu | *dъždžà | *dъždžì |
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.
See also
Derived terms
- *dъždževica
- *dъždževъ
- *dъždževьnica
- *dъždževьnikъ
- *dъždžiti
- *dъždživъ
- *dъždžьnъ
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dъždžь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 195
- Anikin, A. E. (2020) “дождь”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), numbers 14 (дигнитарь – дрощи), Moscow: Nestor-Historia, →ISBN, page 122
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “дощ”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 117
- Rudnyc'kyj, Ja. (1972–1982) “дощ”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language, volumes 2 (Д – Ь), Ottawa: Ukrainian Mohylo-Mazepian Academy of Sciences; Ukrainian Language Association, →LCCN, page 188
- Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1985), “до́ждж”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 3 (га! – інчэ́), Minsk: Navuka i technika, page 140
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “дождь”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 256
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дождь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Brückner, Aleksander (1927) “deszcz”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna
- Berneker, Erich (1908–1913) “dъždžь”, in Slavisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter's Universitätsbuchhandlung, page 248
- В. В. Мартынов (1981) “Балто-славяно-иранские языковые отношения и глоттогенез славян. bur’a – dъždžь 'непогода'.”, in Балто-славянские исследования. 1980., Moscow: Nauka, page 20
- Журавлев, А. Ф. (2000) “Наивная этимология и "кабинетная мифология" (Из наблюдений над мифологизмом А.Н. Афанасьева)”, in Этимология 1997‒1999, Moscow, page 53
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dъ́zdjъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 131: “m. jo (b) ‘rainstorm, rain’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001) “dъždžь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b regn (PR 134)”
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