< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/beuną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *bʰéwH-ti, e-grade of *bʰuH- (“to grow, become, come into being, appear”). Cognate with Latin fuī (“have been”, verb), Latin futūrus (“becoming, imminent, future”), Sanskrit भवति (bhávati).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbeu̯.nɑ̃/
Inflection
This verb is suppletive. The past is conjugated with the strong class 5 stem wes-, the remainder with an irregular stem beu-.
Conjugation of *beuną (irregular, suppletive)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *biumi | *biwjǭ? | — | — | — |
| 2nd singular | *biusi | *biwjēs? | *beu | — | — |
| 3rd singular | *biuþi | *biwjē? | *beuþau | — | — |
| 1st dual | *beū? | *biwīw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *biuþiz | *biwīþiz | *biudiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *beum | *biwīm | — | — | — |
| 2nd plural | *beud | *biwīþ | *beuþ | — | — |
| 3rd plural | *biunþi | *biwīn | *beunþau | — | — |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *was | *wēzį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *wast | *wēzīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *was | *wēzī | |||
| 1st dual | *wēzū | *wēzīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *wēzudiz | *wēzīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *wēzum | *wēzīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *wēzud | *wēzīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *wēzun | *wēzīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *wesandz | — | |||
Descendants
For past tense and participle forms, see the identical forms at *wesaną.
- *beuną (infinitive)
- *biumi (1st person singular present)
- *biusi (2nd person singular present) (see there for further descendants)
- *biuþi (3rd person singular present)
- *biunþi (3rd person plural present)
- *beu (2nd person singular imperative)
- *beuþ (2nd person plural imperative)
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