< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aitaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂óydos, whence also possibly Proto-Slavic *ě̑dъ, *jadъ (“poison, malice”) (Old Church Slavonic ядъ (jadŭ), Czech jed, Polish jad, Russian яд (jad), Serbo-Croatian ȉjed, jȁd),[note 1] from the root *h₂eyd- (“to swell”). Cognate with Old Armenian այտնում (aytnum, “to swell”) (aorist այտեայ (ayteay)), այտ (ayt, “cheek”), Ancient Greek οἰδέω (oidéō, “to swell”), *οἰδί- (*oidí-, “swollen”), Latin aemidus (“swollen”), Persian استیم (astim, “pus”).[2]

Noun

*aitaz m[2]

  1. ulcer

Inflection
Declension of *aitaz (a-stem)
Case Singular Plural
Nominative *aitaz *aitōz, -ōs
Vocative *ait *aitōz, -ōs
Accusative *aitą *aitanz
Genitive *aitas, -is *aitǫ̂
Dative *aitai *aitamaz
Instrumental *aitō *aitamiz


Derived terms
  • *aistô
  • *aitrą
  • *aitǭ (“swelling, gland, nodule”)
    • Old English: āte
  • *aitijǭ

Descendants
  • Old Dutch: *ēt
    • Middle Dutch: *êet
  • Old High German: eiz
    • Middle High German: eiz

Notes
  1. For the Slavic, Derksen prefers a derivation from *h₁ed- (“to eat”) (which Kroonen also notes as a possibility) involving a euphemistic semantic shift “food” > “poison”.[1]

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ě̑dъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 150
  2. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*aita-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 14
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