-gat
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɡɒt]
Suffix
-gat
- (frequentative suffix) Mostly added to transitive verbs (less frequently to other types of words) to form new verbs denoting repetitive action. It may also change the meaning.
Usage notes
Conjugation
conjugation of -gat
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | -gatok | -gatsz | -gat | -gatunk | -gattok | -gatnak | |
| Def. | -gatom | -gatod | -gatja | -gatjuk | -gatjátok | -gatják | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -gatlak | ― | |||||||
| Past | Indef. | -gattam | -gattál | -gatott | -gattunk | -gattatok | -gattak | ||
| Def. | -gattam | -gattad | -gatta | -gattuk | -gattátok | -gatták | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -gattalak | ― | |||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. -gatni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | -gaték | -gatál | -gata | -gatánk | -gatátok | -gatának | ||
| Def. | -gatám | -gatád | -gatá | -gatánk | -gatátok | -gaták | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -gatálak | ― | |||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. -gat vala, -gatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | -gatandok | -gatandasz | -gatand | -gatandunk | -gatandotok | -gatandanak | ||
| Def. | -gatandom | -gatandod | -gatandja | -gatandjuk | -gatandjátok | -gatandják | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -gatandalak | ― | |||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | -gatnék | -gatnál | -gatna | -gatnánk | -gatnátok | -gatnának | |
| Def. | -gatnám | -gatnád | -gatná | -gatnánk (or -gatnók) |
-gatnátok | -gatnák | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -gatnálak | ― | |||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -gatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | -gassak | -gass or -gassál |
-gasson | -gassunk | -gassatok | -gassanak | |
| Def. | -gassam | -gasd or -gassad |
-gassa | -gassuk | -gassátok | -gassák | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -gassalak | ― | |||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -gatott légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | -gatni | -gatnom | -gatnod | -gatnia | -gatnunk | -gatnotok | -gatniuk | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| -gatás | -gató | -gatott | -gatandó | -gatva (-gatván) | |||||
| The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of -gat
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | -gathatok | -gathatsz | -gathat | -gathatunk | -gathattok | -gathatnak | |
| Def. | -gathatom | -gathatod | -gathatja | -gathatjuk | -gathatjátok | -gathatják | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -gathatlak | ― | |||||||
| Past | Indef. | -gathattam | -gathattál | -gathatott | -gathattunk | -gathattatok | -gathattak | ||
| Def. | -gathattam | -gathattad | -gathatta | -gathattuk | -gathattátok | -gathatták | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -gathattalak | ― | |||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | -gathaték | -gathatál | -gathata | -gathatánk | -gathatátok | -gathatának | ||
| Def. | -gathatám | -gathatád | -gathatá | -gathatánk | -gathatátok | -gathaták | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -gathatálak | ― | |||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. -gathat vala, -gathatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | -gathatandok or -gatandhatok |
-gathatandasz or -gatandhatsz |
-gathatand or -gatandhat |
-gathatandunk or -gatandhatunk |
-gathatandotok or -gatandhattok |
-gathatandanak or -gatandhatnak | ||
| Def. | -gathatandom or -gatandhatom |
-gathatandod or -gatandhatod |
-gathatandja or -gatandhatja |
-gathatandjuk or -gatandhatjuk |
-gathatandjátok or -gatandhatjátok |
-gathatandják or -gatandhatják | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -gathatandalak or -gatandhatlak |
― | |||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | -gathatnék | -gathatnál | -gathatna | -gathatnánk | -gathatnátok | -gathatnának | |
| Def. | -gathatnám | -gathatnád | -gathatná | -gathatnánk (or -gathatnók) |
-gathatnátok | -gathatnák | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -gathatnálak | ― | |||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -gathatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | -gathassak | -gathass or -gathassál |
-gathasson | -gathassunk | -gathassatok | -gathassanak | |
| Def. | -gathassam | -gathasd or -gathassad |
-gathassa | -gathassuk | -gathassátok | -gathassák | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -gathassalak | ― | |||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -gathatott légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (-gathatni) | (-gathatnom) | (-gathatnod) | (-gathatnia) | (-gathatnunk) | (-gathatnotok) | (-gathatniuk) | ||
| Positive adjective | -gatható | Neg. adj. | -gathatatlan | Adv. part. | (-gathatva / -gathatván) | ||||
Derived terms
Hungarian verbs suffixed with -gat
See also
- Appendix:Hungarian suffixes
References
- -gat in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
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