零落

Chinese

		remnant; zero; to fall	to fall; to drop (behind); leave behind
trad. (零落)		零	落
simp. ^#(零落)		零	落

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): língluò

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄌㄨㄛˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ling⁴ lok⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lêng-lo̍k / lêng-lo̍h

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: língluò
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄌㄨㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: língluò
  - Wade–Giles: ling²-lo⁴
  - Yale: líng-lwò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lingluoh
  - Palladius: линло (linlo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /liŋ³⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ling⁴ lok⁶
  - Yale: lìhng lohk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ling⁴ lok⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ling⁴ log⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɪŋ²¹ lɔːk̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lêng-lo̍k
  - Tâi-lô: lîng-lo̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lenglok
  - IPA (Xiamen): /liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² lɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² lɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɪŋ¹³⁻²² lɔk̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lêng-lo̍h
  - Tâi-lô: lîng-lo̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lengloih
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɪŋ²³⁻³³ lɤʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² loʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ loʔ⁴/

Middle Chinese: lengH lak

Rime
Character	零	落
Reading #	3/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	青 (125)	唐 (103)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	I
Fanqie	郎定切	盧各切
Baxter	lengH	lak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/leŋ^H/	/lɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/leŋ^H/	/lɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/lɛŋ^H/	/lɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lɛjŋ^H/	/lak̚/
Li Rong	/leŋ^H/	/lɑk̚/
Wang Li	/lieŋ^H/	/lɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/lieŋ^H/	/lɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lìng	luò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ling⁶	lok⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤiŋ kə.rˤak/

(Zhengzhang): /*reːŋs ɡ·raːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	零	落
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	líng	luò
Middle Chinese	‹ leng ›	‹ lak ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]ˁiŋ/	/*kə.rˁak/
English	fall (v., of rain)	fall (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	零	落
Reading #	3/3	1/1
No.	8331	3880
Phonetic component	令	各
Rime group	耕	鐸
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	零	落
Old Chinese	/*reːŋs/	/*ɡ·raːɡ/

Verb

零落

to wither and fall
to decline; to wane; to be at a low ebb

Synonyms

(to wither and fall):

凋落 (diāoluò)
凋謝／凋谢 (diāoxiè)
凋零 (diāolíng)
敗謝／败谢 (bàixiè)
脫落／脱落 (tuōluò)
露渣

(to decline):

式微 (shìwēi) (literary)
敗落／败落 (bàiluò)
替 (tì) (literary, or in compounds)
沒落／没落 (mòluò)
淪落／沦落 (lúnluò)
漉柵／漉栅 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
破落 (pòluò) (in wealth and position)
衰微 (shuāiwēi) (literary)
衰敗／衰败 (shuāibài)
衰落 (shuāiluò)
陵替 (língtì) (literary)
露渣

Adjective

零落

scattered; sporadic

Synonyms

稀疏 (xīshū)

Korean

Hanja in this term
零	落

Noun

零落 • (yeongnak) (hangeul 영락)

Hanja form^? of 영락 (“withering and falling; decline, waning”).

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