荏

荏 U+834F, 荏
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-834F
← 荎
[U+834E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 荐 →
[U+8350]

Translingual

Han character

荏 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 廿人竹土 (TOHG), four-corner 44214, composition ⿱艹任)

Derived characters
  • 𭉡

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1031, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30950
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1490, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3206, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+834F

Chinese
trad. 荏
simp. # 荏

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (壬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
紝 *nɯm, *njɯm, *njɯms
鵀 *nɯm, *njɯm, *njɯms
拰 *nɯmʔ
賃 *nɯms
任 *njɯm, *njɯms
壬 *l̥ʰeːŋʔ, *njɯm
恁 *njɯm, *njɯmʔ
銋 *njɯm, *njɯmʔ
荏 *njɯmʔ
餁 *njɯmʔ
栠 *njɯmʔ
袵 *njɯmʔ
飪 *njɯmʔ
妊 *njɯms
衽 *njɯms

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njɯmʔ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 任 (OC *njɯm, *njɯms).

Etymology
“a kind of big bean”
Cognate with Burmese ညံ (nyam, “the legume Sesbania cannabina”) (Schuessler, 2007).
“soft; weak”
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *njam (“soft”). Cognate with Burmese ညံ့ (nyam., “soft”), Mizo nêm (“soft”). Outside Sino-Tibetan, compare Thai นุ่ม (nûm, “soft”).
Possibly related to 飪 (OC *njɯmʔ, “cooked”), 腍 (OC *njɯmʔ, “cooked; delicious”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 荏
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 侵 (139)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 如甚切
Baxter nyimX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ȵiɪmX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ȵimX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȵʑjemX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ȵimX/
Li
Rong		 /ȵiəmX/
Wang
Li		 /ȵʑĭĕmX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȵʑi̯əmX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 rěn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 jam5
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 荏
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 rěn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ nyimX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*n[ə]mʔ/ (< *num?)
English a kind of big beans

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 荏
Reading # 1/1
No. 10814
Phonetic
component		 壬
Rime
group		 侵
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 荏
Old
Chinese		 /*njɯmʔ/

Definitions

荏

  1. † perilla (Perilla frutescens)
  2. † a kind of big bean; big
  3. † soft; weak; yielding
  4. (Singapore Hokkien) weak; feeble; frail

Synonyms

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji
荏

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings
  • Go-on: にん (nin)
  • Kan-on: じん (jin)
  • Kun: え (e)

Korean

Hanja

荏 • (im) (hangeul 임, revised im, McCune–Reischauer im, Yale im)

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Vietnamese

Han character

荏: Hán Nôm readings: nhẫm

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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