明日
See also: 明白
Chinese
clear; bright; to understand clear; bright; to understand; next; the Ming dynasty |
day; sun; date day; sun; date; day of the month; Japan (abbrev.) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (明日) |
明 | 日 | |
Pronunciation
Noun
明日
- (literary or dialectal) tomorrow
- 醉後來好好走入夢中 明日醒來猶原是一尾活龍 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
- From: 謝雷, lyrics by 陳百潭, 酒國英雄
- chùi āu lâi hó-hó kiâⁿ ji̍p bāng-tiong, bêng-li̍t chhíⁿ-lâi iu-goân sī chi̍t bóe oa̍h-liông [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
- After getting drunk, [I] will walk well into my dream, and tomorrow, when [I] wake up, [I] am still a lively dragon.
醉后来好好走入梦中 明日醒来犹原是一尾活龙 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
- (literary, figurative) future
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 明天 (“tomorrow”) [map]
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 明 | 日 |
| あした | |
| Grade: 2 | Grade: 1 |
| jukujikun | |
Shift in meaning from 朝 (ashita, “next morning”),[1] itself cognate with 朝 (asa, “morning”).
Pronunciation
Noun
明日 • (ashita)
Derived terms
- 明日天気 (ashita tenki)
- 明日葉, 鹹草 (ashitaba, “Angelica keiskei”)
Proverbs
- 明日は明日の風が吹く (ashita wa ashita no kaze ga fuku, “tomorrow let tomorrow's winds blow → tomorrow is a new day”)
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 明 | 日 |
| あす | |
| Grade: 2 | Grade: 1 |
| jukujikun | |
From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki (712 CE).
Various theories exist regarding the ultimate derivation:
- Possibly a shift from verb 明かす (akasu, “to pass”).
- */akasu/ → */akusu/ → /asu/
- Possibly an apophonic form of or cognate with 朝 (asa, “morning”).
The kanji spelling is an orthographic borrowing from Chinese 明日 (míngrì).
Pronunciation
Noun
明日 • (asu)
- (polite) tomorrow
- 1939, Osamu Dazai, Joseito [Schoolgirl]:
- 明日もまた、同じ日が来るのだろう。幸福は一生、来ないのだ。それは、わかっている。けれども、きっと来る、あすは来る、と信じて寝るのがいいのでしょう。
- Asu mo mata, onaji hi ga kuru no darō. Kōfuku wa isshō, konai no da. Sore wa, wakatteiru. Keredo mo, kitto kuru, asu wa kuru, to shinjite neru no ga ii no deshō.
- The same day will probably come tomorrow again, just like always. True happiness will never come into my life. I know that. But perhaps it is best to go to sleep believing that it will come, that it will come tomorrow.
- 明日もまた、同じ日が来るのだろう。幸福は一生、来ないのだ。それは、わかっている。けれども、きっと来る、あすは来る、と信じて寝るのがいいのでしょう。
- the near future
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 明日明後日 (asu-asatte)
- 飛鳥, 明日香 (Asuka)
- 明後日 (asatte)
- 明日知らぬ (asu shiranu)
- 翌檜 (asunaro)
- 明日の淵瀬 (asu no fuchise)
- 明日は淵瀬 (asu wa fuchise)
- 明日は檜 (asu wa hinoki)
- 明日は我が身 (asu wa waga mi)
- 明日檜 (asuhi)
- 明日をも知れぬ身 (asu o mo shirenu mi)
- 今日明日 (kyō-asu)
- 今日か明日か (kyō ka asu ka)
- 今日考えて明日語れ (kyō kangaete asu katare)
- 今日の情けは明日の仇 (kyō no nasake wa asu no ada)
- 今日は人の上明日は我が身の上 (kyō wa hito no ue asu wa waga mi no ue)
- 今日も明日も醒め果てる (kyō mo asu mo samehateru)
Proverbs
- 明日の事を言えば鬼が笑う (asu no koto o ieba oni ga warau)
- 明日の百より今日の五十 (asu no hyaku yori kyō no gojū)
- 今日あって明日ない身 (kyō atte asu nai mi)
- 今日の一針明日の十針 (kyō no hitohari asu no tohari)
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 明 | 日 |
| みょう Grade: 2 |
にち Grade: 1 |
| goon | |
/mʲau nʲiti/ → /mʲɔːɲit͡ɕi/ → /mʲoːɲit͡ɕi/
From Middle Chinese compound 明日 (MC mjaeng nyit).
Derived terms
- 今明日 (konmyōnichi)
- 大明日 (daimyōnichi)
Etymology 4
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 明 | 日 |
| めい Grade: 2 |
じつ Grade: 1 |
| kan’on | |
From a later borrowing of Chinese 明日 (míngrì), using the 漢音 (kan'on, literally “Han sound”).
Rare reading.
Etymology 5
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 明 | 日 |
| ぬくい | |
| Grade: 2 | Grade: 1 |
| irregular | |
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 明 | 日 |
| あけ Grade: 2 |
ひ Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi | |
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 明 | 日 |
| みょう Grade: 2 |
が Grade: 1 |
| goon | kun’yomi |
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 明 | 日 |
| ぬく Grade: 2 |
ひ Grade: 1 |
| irregular | kun’yomi |
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 明 | 日 |
| あけ Grade: 2 |
び Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi | |
Usage notes
Note that the pronunciation differs depending on register, which also happens for the antonym “yesterday” and the coordinate term “today”. Corresponding in formality to ashita, asu, and myōnichi for “tomorrow” are 昨日 (kinō), 昨日 (kiso, rare), and 昨日 (sakujitsu) for “yesterday”; and きょう (kyō), 今日 (konnichi), and 本日 (honjitsu) for “today”.
Coordinate terms
| 時 (“Time”) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ~ | −3 | −2 | −1 | 0 | +1 | +2 | Continual | |
| Day | 日 | 一昨昨日 | 一昨日 | 昨日 | 今日 | 明日 | 明後日 | 毎日 |
| Morning | 朝 | — | 一昨朝 | 昨朝 | 今朝 | 明朝 | — | 毎朝 |
| Night | 晩 | — | 一昨晩 | 昨晩 | 今晩 | 明晩 | — | 毎晩 |
| Week | 週 | — | 先々週 | 先週 | 今週 | 来週 | 再来週 | 毎週 |
| Month | 月 | — | 先々月 | 先月 | 今月 | 来月 | 再来月 | 毎月 |
| Year | 年 | 一昨昨年 | 一昨年 | 去年 | 今年 | 来年 | 再来年 | 毎年 |
References
- Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Nakai, Yukihiko, editor (2002), 京阪系アクセント辞典 [A Dictionary of Tone on Words of the Keihan-type Dialects] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Bensei, →ISBN
- Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Old Japanese
Etymology
Possibly from an as- root that is cognate with or from an apophonic form of 朝 (asa, “morning”).
Noun
明日 (asu) (kana あす)
- tomorrow
- 711–712, Kojiki, lower volume (Emperor Kenzō; poem 112):
- 意岐米母夜阿布美能於岐米阿須用理波美夜麻賀久理弖美延受加母阿良牟
- Oki1me2 mo2 ya Apumi1 no2 Oki1me2 asu yo1ri pa mi1yama-gakurite mi1yezu ka mo2 aramu
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:明日.
Derived terms
- 明日香 (Asuka)
Descendants
- Japanese: 明日 (asu)
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