使人

Chinese

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shǐrén

(Zhuyin): ㄕˇ ㄖㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): si² jan⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ́-ngìn

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shǐrén
  - Zhuyin: ㄕˇ ㄖㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shǐhrén
  - Wade–Giles: shih³-jên²
  - Yale: shř-rén
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyyren
  - Palladius: шижэнь (šižɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐən³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: si² jan⁴
  - Yale: sí yàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: si² jan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: xi² yen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siː³⁵ jɐn²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ́-ngìn
  - Hakka Romanization System: sii` nginˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: si³ ngin²
  - Sinological IPA: /sɨ³¹ ŋin¹¹/

Middle Chinese: sriX nyin

Rime
Character	使	人
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	生 (21)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	之 (19)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	踈士切	如鄰切
Baxter	sriX	nyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃɨ^X/	/ȵiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃɨ^X/	/ȵin/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃie^X/	/ȵʑjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂɨ^X/	/ȵin/
Li Rong	/ʃiə^X/	/ȵiĕn/
Wang Li	/ʃĭə^X/	/ȵʑĭĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʂi^X/	/ȵʑi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shǐ	rén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	si²	jan⁴

Etymology 1

		to make	man; person; people
simp. and trad. (使人)		使	人

Verb

使人

to make one; to cause people (put before a noun or adjective to create a description); to set people (to do something)

Synonyms

發人／发人 (fārén)
令人 (lìngrén)

Derived terms

虛心使人進步，驕傲使人落後／虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后 (xūxīn shǐrén jìnbù, jiāo'ào shǐrén luòhòu)

Etymology 2

		to use; to employ	man; person; people
simp. and trad. (使人)		使	人

Noun

使人

(literary) servant

Synonyms

(servant):

傭人／佣人
僕人／仆人 (púrén)
僕役／仆役 (púyì)
僕隸／仆隶 (púlì) (literary)
太保 (tàibǎo) (literary, honorific)
奴僕／奴仆 (núpú)
奴役 (núyì) (literary)
家人 (jiārén) (archaic)
底下人 (dǐxiarén)
臣僕／臣仆 (chénpú) (literary)
蒼頭／苍头 (cŏng-tàu) (Eastern Min, dated, derogatory)

Pronunciation 2

		to send as an envoy abroad	man; person; people
simp. and trad. (使人)		使	人

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shǐrén, shìrén

(Zhuyin): ㄕˇ ㄖㄣˊ, ㄕˋ ㄖㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): si³ jan⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ́-ngìn

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shǐrén
  - Zhuyin: ㄕˇ ㄖㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shǐhrén
  - Wade–Giles: shih³-jên²
  - Yale: shř-rén
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyyren
  - Palladius: шижэнь (šižɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐən³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, variant in Mainland and Taiwan)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shìrén
  - Zhuyin: ㄕˋ ㄖㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shìhrén
  - Wade–Giles: shih⁴-jên²
  - Yale: shr̀-rén
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyhren
  - Palladius: шижэнь (šižɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    世人
    士人
    示人
    使人
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: si³ jan⁴
  - Yale: si yàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: si³ jan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: xi³ yen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siː³³ jɐn²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ́-ngìn
  - Hakka Romanization System: sii` nginˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: si³ ngin²
  - Sinological IPA: /sɨ³¹ ŋin¹¹/

Middle Chinese: sriH nyin

Rime
Character	使	人
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	生 (21)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	之 (19)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	踈吏切	如鄰切
Baxter	sriH	nyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃɨ^H/	/ȵiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃɨ^H/	/ȵin/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃie^H/	/ȵʑjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂɨ^H/	/ȵin/
Li Rong	/ʃiə^H/	/ȵiĕn/
Wang Li	/ʃĭə^H/	/ȵʑĭĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʂi^H/	/ȵʑi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shì	rén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	si³	jan⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s-rəʔ-s ni[ŋ]/

(Zhengzhang): /*srɯs njin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	使	人
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shǐ	rén
Middle Chinese	‹ sri^H ›	‹ nyin ›
Old Chinese	/*s-rəʔ-s/	/*ni[ŋ]/
English	envoy	(other) person
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	使	人
Reading #	2/2	1/1
No.	11491	10800
Phonetic component	史	人
Rime group	之	眞
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	𩢲	仁
Old Chinese	/*srɯs/	/*njin/

Verb

使人

(Classical) to send someone

Noun

使人

(Classical) emissary; envoy; messenger

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