カ行変格活用
See also: カ行變格活用
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 行 | 変 | 格 | 活 | 用 |
| ぎょう Grade: 2 |
へん Grade: 4 |
かく Grade: 5 |
かつ Grade: 2 |
よう Grade: 2 |
| goon | kan’on | |||
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| カ行變格活用 (kyūjitai) |
Etymology
Compound of カ行 (kagyō, “ka-row”) + 変格活用 (henkaku katsuyō, “irregular conjugation”).
Pronunciation
Noun
カ行変格活用 • (ka-gyō henkaku katsuyō) ←かぎやうへんかくくわつよう (ka-gyau fenkaku kwatuyou)?
- (grammar) a verbal conjugation class in which the verb stem ends in k-, with minor historical changes
- Synonyms: カ行変格 (ka-gyō henkaku), カ変 (ka-hen)
| Modern | 未然形 Irrealis |
連用形 Adverbial |
終止形 Conclusive |
連体形 Attributive |
仮定形 Conditional |
命令形 Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 来る (kur-, “to come”) | 来 (ko) | 来 (ki) | 来る (kuru) | 来る (kuru) | 来れ (kure) | 来い (koi) |
| Archaic | 未然形 Irrealis |
連用形 Adverbial |
終止形 Conclusive |
連体形 Attributive |
已然形 Realis |
命令形 Imperative |
| 来 (k-, “to come”) | 来 (ko2 → ko) | 来 (ki1 → ki) | 来 (ku) | 来る (kuru) | 来れ (kure) | 来 (ko2 → ko) 来よ (ko2yo2 → koyo) |
The subscripts in the table above indicate differences in vowel class that were already being lost in Old Japanese. It remains unclear what those different vowel classes may have meant. See the Syllables section in the Wikipedia article on Old Japanese for more details.
Related terms
- サ行変格活用 (sa-gyō henkaku katsuyō)
- ナ行変格活用 (na-gyō henkaku katsuyō)
- ラ行変格活用 (ra-gyō henkaku katsuyō)
- 五段活用 (godan katsuyō)
- 四段活用 (yodan katsuyō)
- 上一段活用 (kami ichidan katsuyō)
- 上二段活用 (kami nidan katsuyō)
- 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō)
- 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō)
See also
- Category:Japanese kuru verbs
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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