यज्ञोपवीत

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

যজ্ঞোপৱীত (Assamese script)
ᬬᬚ᭄ᬜᭀᬧᬯᬷᬢ (Balinese script)
যজ্ঞোপবীত (Bengali script)
𑰧𑰕𑰿𑰗𑰺𑰢𑰪𑰱𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀬𑀚𑁆𑀜𑁄𑀧𑀯𑀻𑀢 (Brahmi script)
ယဇ္ဉောပဝီတ (Burmese script)
યજ્ઞોપવીત (Gujarati script)
ਯਜੑਞੋਪਵੀਤ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌯𑌜𑍍𑌞𑍋𑌪𑌵𑍀𑌤 (Grantha script)
ꦪꦘꦺꦴꦥꦮꦷꦠ (Javanese script)
𑂨𑂔𑂹𑂖𑂷𑂣𑂫𑂲𑂞 (Kaithi script)
ಯಜ್ಞೋಪವೀತ (Kannada script)
យជ្ញោបវីត (Khmer script)
ຍຊ຺ໂຎປວີຕ (Lao script)
യജ്ഞോപവീത (Malayalam script)
ᠶᠠᡯᠨᡳᠶᠣᢒᠠᠸᡳᡳᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘧𑘕𑘿𑘗𑘻𑘢𑘪𑘲𑘝 (Modi script)
ᠶ᠋ᠠᠽᡛᠣᠸᠠᢒᠠᠸᠢᠢᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧇𑦵𑧠𑦷𑧜𑧂𑧊𑧓𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
𑐫𑐖𑑂𑐘𑑀𑐥𑐰𑐷𑐟 (Newa script)
ଯଜ୍ଞୋପଵୀତ (Odia script)
ꢫꢙ꣄ꢛꣂꢦꢮꢷꢡ (Saurashtra script)
𑆪𑆘𑇀𑆚𑆾𑆥𑆮𑆵𑆠 (Sharada script)
𑖧𑖕𑖿𑖗𑖺𑖢𑖪𑖱𑖝 (Siddham script)
යඥොපවීත (Sinhalese script)
𑩻𑩣 𑪙𑩥𑩕𑩰𑩾𑩑𑩛𑩫 (Soyombo script)
𑚣𑚑𑚶𑚓𑚴𑚞𑚦𑚯𑚙 (Takri script)
யஜ்ஞோபவீத (Tamil script)
యజ్ఞోపవీత (Telugu script)
ยชฺโญปวีต (Thai script)
ཡ་ཛྙོ་པ་ཝཱི་ཏ (Tibetan script)
𑒨𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒼𑒣𑒫𑒲𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
𑨪𑨥𑩇𑨓𑨆𑨞𑨭𑨁𑨊𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

यज्ञ (yajña) +‎ उपवीत (upavīta); see there for more.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /jɐd͡ʑ.ɲɐw.pɐ.ʋiː.tɐ́/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /jɐd͡ʑ.ɲoː.pɐˈʋiː.t̪ɐ/

Noun

यज्ञोपवीत • (yajñopavītá) stem, n

the sacred thread worn (over the left shoulder and hanging under the right) by boys and men of the three द्विज (dvija, “twice-born”) castes
- c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti 4.36:
  वैणवीं धारयेद्यष्टिं सोदकं च कमण्डलुम् ।
  यज्ञोपवीतं वेदं च शुभं रौक्मे च कुण्डले । ।
  vaiṇavīṃ dhārayedyaṣṭiṃ sodakaṃ ca kamaṇḍalum .
  yajñopavītaṃ vedaṃ ca śubhaṃ raukme ca kuṇḍale . .
  He [the Brāhmaṇa] shall carry a staff of bamboo, a pot full of water, the sacred string, a bundle of Kusa grass, and (wear) two bright golden ear-rings.
the investiture of young men with the said sacred thread
- c. 400 BCE – 300 BCE, Taittirīya Brāhmaṇa

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of यज्ञोपवीत (yajñopavītá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	यज्ञोपवीतम् yajñopavītám	यज्ञोपवीते yajñopavīté	यज्ञोपवीतानि / यज्ञोपवीता¹ yajñopavītā́ni / yajñopavītā́¹
Vocative	यज्ञोपवीत yájñopavīta	यज्ञोपवीते yájñopavīte	यज्ञोपवीतानि / यज्ञोपवीता¹ yájñopavītāni / yájñopavītā¹
Accusative	यज्ञोपवीतम् yajñopavītám	यज्ञोपवीते yajñopavīté	यज्ञोपवीतानि / यज्ञोपवीता¹ yajñopavītā́ni / yajñopavītā́¹
Instrumental	यज्ञोपवीतेन yajñopavīténa	यज्ञोपवीताभ्याम् yajñopavītā́bhyām	यज्ञोपवीतैः / यज्ञोपवीतेभिः¹ yajñopavītaíḥ / yajñopavītébhiḥ¹
Dative	यज्ञोपवीताय yajñopavītā́ya	यज्ञोपवीताभ्याम् yajñopavītā́bhyām	यज्ञोपवीतेभ्यः yajñopavītébhyaḥ
Ablative	यज्ञोपवीतात् yajñopavītā́t	यज्ञोपवीताभ्याम् yajñopavītā́bhyām	यज्ञोपवीतेभ्यः yajñopavītébhyaḥ
Genitive	यज्ञोपवीतस्य yajñopavītásya	यज्ञोपवीतयोः yajñopavītáyoḥ	यज्ञोपवीतानाम् yajñopavītā́nām
Locative	यज्ञोपवीते yajñopavīté	यज्ञोपवीतयोः yajñopavītáyoḥ	यज्ञोपवीतेषु yajñopavītéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

Kashmiri: योञ (yōñ)
Pali: yaññōpavīta
Prakrit: 𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁄𑀯𑀯𑀻𑀅 (jaṇṇovavīa), 𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁄𑀯𑀈𑀅 (jaṇṇovaīa), 𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁄𑀯𑀯𑀻𑀬 (jaṇṇovavīya), 𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁄𑀯𑀻𑀅 (jaṇṇovīa)
- Gurjar Apabhramsa:
  - Gujarati: જનોઈ (janoī)
  - Marwari: जिनेऊ (jineū), जीनोई (jīnoī)
- Konkani: jānvẽ
  Devanagari script: जान्वें
  Kannada script: ಜಾನ್ವೆಂ
  Latin script: zanvem
- Maithili: janēu
  Devanagari script: जनेउ
  Tirhuta script: 𑒖𑒢𑒹𑒅
- Old Marathi:
  Devanagari script: जाणिवें (jāṇiveṃ), जानिवें (jāniveṃ)
  Modi script: 𑘕𑘰𑘜𑘲𑘪𑘹𑘽 (jāṇīveṃ), 𑘕𑘰𑘡𑘲𑘪𑘹𑘽 (jānīveṃ)
  - Marathi: जानवे (j̈ānve)
- Nepali: जनै (janai)
- Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
  - Hindustani: janeū
    Hindi: जनेऊ
    Urdu: جنیئو
    → English: janeu
- Takka Apabhramsa:
  - Old Punjabi: ਜਨੇਊ (janeū)
    - Punjabi:
      Gurmukhi script: ਜੰਞੂ (jãñū)
      Shahmukhi script: جَننجو (jannjo)
- Vracada Apabhramsa:
  - Sindhi:
    Arabic script: جَڻْيو, جنوئـي
    Devanagari script: जण्यो, जनोई
- → Old Kannada: ಜನ್ನವಿರ (jannavira), ಜನ್ನವರ (jannavara)
  - Kannada: ಜನಿವಾರ (janivāra), ಜನಿಬಾರ (janibāra), ಜನ್ನಿವಾರ (jannivāra), ಜೆನಿವಾರ (jenivāra)
→ Bengali: যজ্ঞোপবিত (jôggopôbit)
→ Kannada: ಯಜ್ಞೋಪವೀತ (yajñōpavīta)
→ Tamil: யக்கியோபவீதம் (yakkiyōpavītam)

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