neco

See also: něco and ñeco

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *nokeō, from earlier *nokejō, from Proto-Indo-European causative *noḱ-éye-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *neḱ- (“perish, disappear”).

See also noxius (“harmful”), noceō (“I hurt, harm”), nex (“murder, violent death”) (as opposed to mors), as well as Middle Welsh angheu (“death”), Breton ankou, Old Irish éc, Ancient Greek νέκυς (nékus, “a dead body”) and νεκρός (nekrós, “dead”), Old Persian 𐎻𐎴𐎰𐎹𐎫𐎹 (vi-n-θ-y-t-y /⁠vi-nathayatiy⁠/, “he injures”), Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (nasiieiti, “disappears”), 𐬥𐬀𐬯𐬎- (nasu-, “corpse”), Sanskrit नश्यति (naśyati, “to disappear, perish”).

Pronunciation

Verb

necō (present infinitive necāre, perfect active necāvī, supine necātum); first conjugation

  1. to kill, murder (especially without physical wounding such as by poison or hunger)
    Synonyms: ēnecō, occīdō, interimō, cōnficiō, caedō, obtruncō, percutiō, interficiō, trucīdō, perimō, peragō, dēiciō, iugulō, sōpiō, tollō, absūmō, cōnsūmō
    aliquem igni necare ― to kill someone by fire (fire burning)
    aliquem ferro necare ― to kill someone by sword
  2. (figuratively) to thwart, check
  3. (Late Latin, Medieval Latin) (transitive) to drown

Conjugation
   Conjugation of necō (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present necō necās necat necāmus necātis necant
imperfect necābam necābās necābat necābāmus necābātis necābant
future necābō necābis necābit necābimus necābitis necābunt
perfect necāvī necāvistī,
necāstī1		 necāvit,
necāt1		 necāvimus,
necāmus1		 necāvistis,
necāstis1		 necāvērunt,
necāvēre,
necārunt1
pluperfect necāveram,
necāram1		 necāverās,
necārās1		 necāverat,
necārat1		 necāverāmus,
necārāmus1		 necāverātis,
necārātis1		 necāverant,
necārant1
future perfect necāverō,
necārō1		 necāveris,
necāris1		 necāverit,
necārit1		 necāverimus,
necārimus1		 necāveritis,
necāritis1		 necāverint,
necārint1
passive present necor necāris,
necāre		 necātur necāmur necāminī necantur
imperfect necābar necābāris,
necābāre		 necābātur necābāmur necābāminī necābantur
future necābor necāberis,
necābere		 necābitur necābimur necābiminī necābuntur
perfect necātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect necātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect necātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present necem necēs necet necēmus necētis necent
imperfect necārem necārēs necāret necārēmus necārētis necārent
perfect necāverim,
necārim1		 necāverīs,
necārīs1		 necāverit,
necārit1		 necāverīmus,
necārīmus1		 necāverītis,
necārītis1		 necāverint,
necārint1
pluperfect necāvissem,
necāssem1		 necāvissēs,
necāssēs1		 necāvisset,
necāsset1		 necāvissēmus,
necāssēmus1		 necāvissētis,
necāssētis1		 necāvissent,
necāssent1
passive present necer necēris,
necēre		 necētur necēmur necēminī necentur
imperfect necārer necārēris,
necārēre		 necārētur necārēmur necārēminī necārentur
perfect necātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect necātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — necā — — necāte —
future — necātō necātō — necātōte necantō
passive present — necāre — — necāminī —
future — necātor necātor — — necantor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives necāre necāvisse,
necāsse1		 necātūrum esse necārī necātum esse necātum īrī
participles necāns — necātūrus — necātus necandus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
necandī necandō necandum necandō necātum necātū

1At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

Descendants

Nearly all with the sense of 'drown'.

  • Balkan Romance:
    • Aromanian: nec, nicari
    • Megleno-Romanian: nec
    • Romanian: îneca, înecare, neca
  • Italo-Romance:
    • Italian: annegare
    • Neapolitan: anneà
    • Sicilian: annigari, annijari
  • North Italian:
  • Gallo-Romance:
  • Occitano-Romance:
    • Catalan: negar
    • Occitan: negar, nejar (northern), neiar (Vivaro-Alpine)
  • Ibero-Romance:
  • Insular Romance:

References
  • “neco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “neco”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • neco in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • neco in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to perish in the flames: igni cremari, necari
    • to be starved to death (as punishment): fame necari
  • “neco”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “neco”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.