< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sporъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Traditionally connected with Sanskrit स्फिर (sphira, “fat, abundant”), Latin prosperus, Proto-Germanic *sparaz (English spare), from Proto-Indo-European *sph₁rós, from the root *speh₁-. This, however, requires laryngeal vocalisation in the Slavic first syllable, which is not accepted by some scholars.
Declension
Indefinite declension of *sporъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *sporъ | *spora | *sporo |
| genitive | *spora | *spory | *spora |
| dative | *sporu | *sporě | *sporu |
| accusative | *sporъ | *sporǫ | *sporo |
| instrumental | *sporomь | *sporojǫ | *sporomь |
| locative | *sporě | *sporě | *sporě |
| vocative | *spore | *sporo | *sporo |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *spora | *sporě | *sporě |
| genitive | *sporu | *sporu | *sporu |
| dative | *sporoma | *sporama | *sporoma |
| accusative | *spora | *sporě | *sporě |
| instrumental | *sporoma | *sporama | *sporoma |
| locative | *sporu | *sporu | *sporu |
| vocative | *spora | *sporě | *sporě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *spori | *spory | *spora |
| genitive | *sporъ | *sporъ | *sporъ |
| dative | *sporomъ | *sporamъ | *sporomъ |
| accusative | *spory | *spory | *spora |
| instrumental | *spory | *sporami | *spory |
| locative | *sporěxъ | *sporaxъ | *sporěxъ |
| vocative | *spori | *spory | *spora |
Definite declension of *sporъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *sporъjь | *sporaja | *sporoje |
| genitive | *sporajego | *sporyję̇ | *sporajego |
| dative | *sporujemu | *sporěji | *sporujemu |
| accusative | *sporъjь | *sporǫjǫ | *sporoje |
| instrumental | *sporyjimь | *sporǫjǫ | *sporyjimь |
| locative | *sporějemь | *sporěji | *sporějemь |
| vocative | *sporъjь | *sporaja | *sporoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *sporaja | *sporěji | *sporěji |
| genitive | *sporuju | *sporuju | *sporuju |
| dative | *sporyjima | *sporyjima | *sporyjima |
| accusative | *sporaja | *sporěji | *sporěji |
| instrumental | *sporyjima | *sporyjima | *sporyjima |
| locative | *sporuju | *sporuju | *sporuju |
| vocative | *sporaja | *sporěji | *sporěji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *sporiji | *sporyję̇ | *sporaja |
| genitive | *sporъjixъ | *sporъjixъ | *sporъjixъ |
| dative | *sporyjimъ | *sporyjimъ | *sporyjimъ |
| accusative | *sporyję̇ | *sporyję̇ | *sporaja |
| instrumental | *sporyjimi | *sporyjimi | *sporyjimi |
| locative | *sporyjixъ | *sporyjixъ | *sporyjixъ |
| vocative | *sporiji | *sporyję̇ | *sporaja |
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “спорый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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