Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/litva

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

*litьba

Etymology

From *liti +‎ *-tva. Cognate with Lithuanian Lietuvà. Compare Latin lītus.

Noun

*litva f

downpour
Synonyms: *lěva, *lija, *lijavica, *litь

Inflection

Declension of *litva (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*litva	*litvě	*litvy
genitive	*litvy	*litvu	*litvъ
dative	*litvě	*litvama	*litvamъ
accusative	*litvǫ	*litvě	*litvy
instrumental	litvojǫ, litvǫ^**	*litvama	*litvami
locative	*litvě	*litvu	litvasъ, litvaxъ^*
vocative	*litvo	*litvě	*litvy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Belarusian: лі́тба (lítba, “Circaea lutetiana L.”) (possibly)
- Russian: литва́ (litvá)
South Slavic:
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ли̏тва
West Slavic:
- Czech: litba

References

Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1988), “*litva/*litьba”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 15 (*lětina – *lokačь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 159

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