< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krěslo
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kréˀsla, from an earlier *kréˀslan, from Proto-Indo-European *kreh₁s-lo-m
- Derksen: From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kréˀsla;
- Nikolaev: From Proto-Balto-Slavic *krēˀslá (“arm-chair, chair”), from Proto-Indo-European *kreh₁s-lo-m;
- ESSJa: From *kretslo, from *kret- + *-slo, from Proto-Indo-European *kret-, variant of *kert- (“to spin, knit”);
- Vaillant: From *kres-, further etymology is unclear, not related to *kresati;
- Fraenkel: From *kres-/*kros- (“to braid/weave”);
- Machek: From *krěptlo, from *krěpъ or *krěpiti. But usually the suffix is used with verbs and it would be **krěpidlo.
Compare Lithuanian krė́slas (“arm-chair, chair”), Latvian krēsls/krę̂sls (“chair”), Old Prussian creslan (“chair”); also compare Lithuanian kràstis (verb), krãsė / krẽsė (“chair”), Latvian kreša, kreslis.
- Baltic words are cognates (Vasmer, Fraenkel, Vaillant, Derksen)
- Baltic words are borrowed (Brückner, ЭССЯ)
Reconstruction
Per Nikolaev, the accent paradigm ⟨a⟩ from mobile accent is explained by the alignment of the accent curve by the nominative and accusative plural cases, in which Hirt's law occurred. The same alignment occurred in Lithuanian and Latvian. After that, certain doublets appeared in the Baltic dialects.
Declension
Declension of *krě̀slo (hard o-stem, accent paradigm a)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *krě̀slo | *krě̀slě | *krě̀sla |
| genitive | *krě̀sla | *krě̀slu | *krě̀slъ |
| dative | *krě̀slu | *krě̀sloma | *krě̀slomъ |
| accusative | *krě̀slo | *krě̀slě | *krě̀sla |
| instrumental | *krě̀slъmь, *krě̀slomь* | *krě̀sloma | *krě̀slȳ |
| locative | *krě̀slě | *krě̀slu | *krě̀slě̄xъ |
| vocative | *krě̀slo | *krě̀slě | *krě̀sla |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Descendants
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кре́сло”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1985), “*kreslo/*krěslo”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 12 (*koulъkъ – *kroma/*kromъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 126
- Olander, Thomas (2001) “krěslo, pl. krěsla”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (NA 137; SA 23; RPT 111)”
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*krě̀slo”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 247: “n. o (a) ‘chair’”
- Nikolajev, S. L. (2012) “Vostočnoslavjanskije refleksy akcentnoj paradigmy d i indojevropejskije sootvetstvija slavjanskim akcentnym tipam suščestvitelʹnyx mužskovo roda s o- i u-osnovami*”, in Karpato-balkanskij dialektnyj landšaft: Jazyk i kulʹtura (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, pages 39, 52, 64: “*krě̋slo”
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