< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grěnъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *grēˀnas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁-no-s. Relict participle with affix -n- from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”).
Inflection
Indefinite declension of *grěnъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *grěnъ | *grěna | *grěno |
| genitive | *grěna | *grěny | *grěna |
| dative | *grěnu | *grěně | *grěnu |
| accusative | *grěnъ | *grěnǫ | *grěno |
| instrumental | *grěnomь | *grěnojǫ | *grěnomь |
| locative | *grěně | *grěně | *grěně |
| vocative | *grěne | *grěno | *grěno |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *grěna | *grěně | *grěně |
| genitive | *grěnu | *grěnu | *grěnu |
| dative | *grěnoma | *grěnama | *grěnoma |
| accusative | *grěna | *grěně | *grěně |
| instrumental | *grěnoma | *grěnama | *grěnoma |
| locative | *grěnu | *grěnu | *grěnu |
| vocative | *grěna | *grěně | *grěně |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *grěni | *grěny | *grěna |
| genitive | *grěnъ | *grěnъ | *grěnъ |
| dative | *grěnomъ | *grěnamъ | *grěnomъ |
| accusative | *grěny | *grěny | *grěna |
| instrumental | *grěny | *grěnami | *grěny |
| locative | *grěněxъ | *grěnaxъ | *grěněxъ |
| vocative | *grěni | *grěny | *grěna |
Definite declension of *grěnъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *grěnъjь | *grěnaja | *grěnoje |
| genitive | *grěnajego | *grěnyję̇ | *grěnajego |
| dative | *grěnujemu | *grěněji | *grěnujemu |
| accusative | *grěnъjь | *grěnǫjǫ | *grěnoje |
| instrumental | *grěnyjimь | *grěnǫjǫ | *grěnyjimь |
| locative | *grěnějemь | *grěněji | *grěnějemь |
| vocative | *grěnъjь | *grěnaja | *grěnoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *grěnaja | *grěněji | *grěněji |
| genitive | *grěnuju | *grěnuju | *grěnuju |
| dative | *grěnyjima | *grěnyjima | *grěnyjima |
| accusative | *grěnaja | *grěněji | *grěněji |
| instrumental | *grěnyjima | *grěnyjima | *grěnyjima |
| locative | *grěnuju | *grěnuju | *grěnuju |
| vocative | *grěnaja | *grěněji | *grěněji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *grěniji | *grěnyję̇ | *grěnaja |
| genitive | *grěnъjixъ | *grěnъjixъ | *grěnъjixъ |
| dative | *grěnyjimъ | *grěnyjimъ | *grěnyjimъ |
| accusative | *grěnyję̇ | *grěnyję̇ | *grěnaja |
| instrumental | *grěnyjimi | *grěnyjimi | *grěnyjimi |
| locative | *grěnyjixъ | *grěnyjixъ | *grěnyjixъ |
| vocative | *grěniji | *grěnyję̇ | *grěnaja |
Related terms
- *grana / *granъ / *granь
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: гряна́я f (hrjanája), грана́я (hranája) (dialectal)
- Russian: грино́й (grinój) (dialectal)
- Ukrainian: гре́ний (hrényj), гря́ний (hrjányj, “green”)
- South Slavic:
- ⇒ Slovene: greníca (“green peel of nut”)
See also
| *bělъ (of animals) *bronъ |
*sivъ, *śěrъ, *śědъ | *čьrnъ, *smaglъ, *smǫglъ (of animals) *vornъ, *galъ |
| *čьrvenъ, *ryďь, *ruměnъ | *rudъ, *granivъ; *smědъ (of animals) *gnědъ |
*žьltъ (of animals) *solvъ; *polvъ |
| *zelenъ | *zelenъ, *grěnъ | |
| *polvъ | *siňь; *modrъ | |
| *slivъ | *bagrъ |
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*grěnъjь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 117
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