< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bolь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

The only parallels exist in Germanic languages: compare Old English bealo (“evil”), Old Norse bǫl and Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌻𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (balweins, “torture”). Proto-Indo-European root is unclear. Derksen derives it from Proto-Indo-European *bʰol(H)-i- with Old Cornish bal (“illness”) as a further cognate.

Noun

*bȍlь f[1][2]

  1. pain

Inflection
Declension of *bȍlь (i-stem, accent paradigm c)
singular dual plural
nominative *bȍlь *bȍli *bȍli
genitive *bolí *bolьjù, *boľu* *bolь̀jь
dative *bȍli *bolьmà *bȍlьmъ
accusative *bȍlь *bȍli *bȍli
instrumental *bolьjǫ́ *bolьmà *bolьmì
locative *bolí *bolьjù, *boľu* *bȍlьxъ
vocative *boli *bȍli *bȍli
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms
  • *bolestь

Alternative reconstructions

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: боль (bolĭ)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: bol m
    • Polish: ból m
    • Old Slovak: bôľ m
    • Polabian: *bül ?
    • Pomeranian:
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: ból f
      • Upper Sorbian: ból f

Further reading
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*boljь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 191
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “боль”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*bȏlь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 54: “f. i (c) ‘pain’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “bolь boli”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “f. c (SA 81; PR 138)”
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